The Great Paleozoic Extinction • The formation of Pangea resulted in a much dryer climate. • By the end Permian 57% of the amphibian families declined and plants decreased in number and variety. • Many marine organisms did not adapt or survive. • The estimate is that 80-95% of all marine organisms became extinct because they could not adapt.
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The Great Paleozoic Extinction
• The formation of Pangea resulted in a much dryer climate.
• By the end Permian 57% of the amphibian families declined and plants decreased in number and variety.
• Many marine organisms did not adapt or survive.
• The estimate is that 80-95% of all marine organisms became extinct because they could not adapt.
What Dies out and Why?
• _________ great extinctions1. 440 m.y.a.~ only a few species survived2. 370 m.y.a. ~70% of marine invertebrates3. 225 m.y.a. ~ 80-96% of marine species4. 200 m.y.a. ~ many sea and land species5. 65 m.y.a. ~ 33% of all species. All marine
Extinctions are _________ causing evolutionary changes.
• Each of the five extinctions wiped out large masses of families and species and in each case the survivors having little or no competition diversified to fill the vacated niches.
Mesozoic Era: Age of Reptiles
This era is divided into three periods:
• Cretaceous• Jurassic• Triassic
Mesozoic History
• Much of North America is above sea level.
• By the end of the Jurassic period shallow seas (epicontinental seas) invaded western North America, the Atlantic and Gulf coasts.
• These shallow seas eventually formed gigantic swamps and later developed into coal deposits.
• Pangea begins to break up. • The eastern part of the United States
splits from Africa giving birth to the Atlantic Ocean.
• The western part of North America pushes westward over riding the Pacific plate causing tectonic activity to increase resulting in the formation of the Rocky Mountains.
Mesozoic Life
• On land life adapted to a dryer climate flourished.
• _________ or seed bearing plants develop taking advantage of nutrient rich soils.
• They became the dominant plant of the Mesozoic.
• Gymnosperms include:• _________ – resemble a large
pineapple plant • _________ – cone bearing – includes
pine, firs, and junipers• _________ – fan-like leaves
• Many large mammals existed until 11,000 years ago.
• This list includes:• Mammoth• Saber-toothed cats• Horses• Giant ground sloths• Large beaver• Giant bison• Camels
Human’s Affect Other Species
• Humans may have played a part in the extinction of the animals, but there must be a much better reason. What could it be?
• If an animal can reproduce at a rate that is ____% higher than a competing organism, the animal with the higher birth rate will win out and survive while its competitor will become extinct.