Chapter 13 Chapter 13 Preoperative Preoperative Medications Medications Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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Chapter 13Chapter 13
Preoperative MedicationsPreoperative Medications
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 1Objective 1
Define terminology related to preoperative Define terminology related to preoperative medications.medications. AmnesticAmnestic
• An agent that produces memory impairmentAn agent that produces memory impairment AnalgesiaAnalgesia
• Absence of a normal sense of painAbsence of a normal sense of pain AnterogradeAnterograde
• From a point forward, as in memory impairment from the time From a point forward, as in memory impairment from the time an amnestic agent is administeredan amnestic agent is administered
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 1. TermsObjective 1. Terms
AnesthesiologistAnesthesiologist Physician who specializes in anesthesia delivery and the Physician who specializes in anesthesia delivery and the
maintenance of the patient’s physiologic condition during maintenance of the patient’s physiologic condition during surgery.surgery.
AnesthetistAnesthetist A person (in the US, usually a CRNA) who specializes in A person (in the US, usually a CRNA) who specializes in
anesthesia delivery and the maintenance of the patient’s anesthesia delivery and the maintenance of the patient’s physiologic condition during surgery.physiologic condition during surgery.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 1. TermsObjective 1. Terms
AnticholinergicAnticholinergic An agent that blocks parasympathetic nerve An agent that blocks parasympathetic nerve
impulses; a vagolytic; parasympatholytic agentimpulses; a vagolytic; parasympatholytic agent AntisialagogueAntisialagogue
An agent that reduces oral secretions (saliva)An agent that reduces oral secretions (saliva)
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 1. TermsObjective 1. Terms
AnxiolysisAnxiolysis Process of relieving anxietyProcess of relieving anxiety
AspirationAspiration Inspiration of foreign material into the airwayInspiration of foreign material into the airway
BenzodiazepineBenzodiazepine Chemical classification of agents used as Chemical classification of agents used as
sedativessedatives
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 1. TermsObjective 1. Terms
CRNACRNA Certified Registered Nurse AnesthetistCertified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
HematocritHematocrit Measure of the volume of red blood cells in whole bloodMeasure of the volume of red blood cells in whole blood
HemoglobinHemoglobin A protein in red blood cells that is responsible for gas A protein in red blood cells that is responsible for gas
exchange; a measure of the amount of that proteinexchange; a measure of the amount of that protein
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 1. TermsObjective 1. Terms
Mcg/kgMcg/kg Ratio representation of the amount of medication Ratio representation of the amount of medication
administered in micrograms per kilogram of patient body administered in micrograms per kilogram of patient body weightweight
Mg/kgMg/kg Ratio representation of the amount of medication Ratio representation of the amount of medication
administered in milligrams per kilogram of patient body administered in milligrams per kilogram of patient body weightweight
NPO NPO - - Nothing by mouthNothing by mouth
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 1. TermsObjective 1. Terms
OpioidOpioid An agent containing opium or any of its derivativesAn agent containing opium or any of its derivatives
SedativeSedative An agent used to produce a calm, relaxed stateAn agent used to produce a calm, relaxed state
VagolysisVagolysis Blocking the effects of the vagus nerveBlocking the effects of the vagus nerve
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 2Objective 2
Identify the purpose of preoperative patient Identify the purpose of preoperative patient evaluationevaluationGather information to determine:Gather information to determine:
•Anesthesia method/planAnesthesia method/plan
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 3Objective 3
List sources of patient information used for List sources of patient information used for preoperative evaluation.preoperative evaluation.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 3Objective 3
Medical records/chartMedical records/chart Patient interviewPatient interview Physical examPhysical exam Test resultsTest results
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 4Objective 4
List the components of a preoperative List the components of a preoperative evaluation.evaluation.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 4Objective 4
Patient questionnairePatient questionnaire
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 4Objective 4
Patient interviewPatient interview
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 4Objective 4
Pre-anesthesia evaluation formPre-anesthesia evaluation form
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 4Objective 4
Physical examPhysical exam• All body systemsAll body systems
• Airway assessmentAirway assessment
Additional tests PRNAdditional tests PRN• EKG, H&H, chest x-ray etcEKG, H&H, chest x-ray etc
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 5Objective 5
Identify classification of preoperative Identify classification of preoperative medications.medications. List classificationsList classifications Select in a multiple choice formatSelect in a multiple choice format
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 5Objective 5
List classificationsList classifications SedativesSedatives AnalgesicsAnalgesics AnticholinergicsAnticholinergics Gastric agentsGastric agents
• Antacids, antiemeticsAntacids, antiemetics
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 6Objective 6
Identify the purpose of each group of Identify the purpose of each group of preoperative medications.preoperative medications.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 6. Purpose:Objective 6. Purpose:
SedativesSedatives Relieve anxiety (anxiolysis)Relieve anxiety (anxiolysis)
AnalgesicsAnalgesics Relieve painRelieve pain
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 6 Purpose:Objective 6 Purpose:
AnticholinergicsAnticholinergics Block vagus nerveBlock vagus nerve
VagolysisVagolysis secretionssecretions heart rateheart rate
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 6. Purpose:Objective 6. Purpose:
Gastric drugsGastric drugs AntacidsAntacids
acid productionacid production AntiemeticsAntiemetics
nausea/vomitingnausea/vomiting
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 7Objective 7
State examples of medications in each State examples of medications in each classification.classification.
Make drug cards with drug names, Make drug cards with drug names, category and purpose.category and purpose.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 7Objective 7
SedativesSedatives ValiumValium AtivanAtivan VersedVersed
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 7Objective 7
AnalgesicsAnalgesics MorphineMorphine FentanylFentanyl MeperidineMeperidine
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 7Objective 7
AnticholinergicsAnticholinergics AtropineAtropine ScopolomineScopolomine GlycopyrrolateGlycopyrrolate
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 7Objective 7
Gastric agents/antacidsGastric agents/antacids Sodium citrateSodium citrate ZantacZantac PepcidPepcid TagametTagamet
Elsevier items and derived items © 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Objective 7Objective 7
Gastric agents/antiemeticsGastric agents/antiemetics ZofranZofran
• With dexamethasone PRNWith dexamethasone PRN ReglanReglan
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