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Training Objective
Understand basic principle of HSRP
HSRP Configuration
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HSRP Concept
Such as Ethernet, Toking Ring, FDDI
Hot Standby Routing Protocol
Hosts Should use the default gateway
Suitable for LANs supporting multicasting or
broadcasting
Realize fault-tolerant backup function
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Problems that HSRP Solves
When a fault happens to Route A, how can Host Aaccess Host B?
RouterA
RouterB
RouterC
HostA
HostB
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The Introducing of HSRP
Host A only knows the existence of Virtual Routerand it cannot see Router A or Router B
Host A
Router A
Active Router
Router B
Standby Router
Virtual Router
Network 192.1.1.0
E0
192.1.1.1
E0192.1.1.2
Vir tual MAC add00-E0-FC-00-5F-01
Virtual IP add 192.1.1.3
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Usage of HSRP
HostA
Host
B
IP
Router A
Active Router
Router B
Standby Router
Network1.0.0.0
E01.0.0.1
E01.0.0.2
Network3.0.0.0
Network2.0.0.0
E13.0.0.1
E12.0.0.2
Configuration of staticrouting
Such as, the static routingset by host used defaultgateway
Suitable forbroadcasting network
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HostA
Router A
ActiveRouter
Router B
StandbyRouter
VirtualRouter
Network192.1.1.0
E0192.1.1.1
E0192.1.1.2
Vi r tual MAC add0000.0007.0000.0001
Virtual IP add 192.1.1.3
HSRP Protocol
Virtual IP address and MACaddress
Active router and standby router
Periodical Hello datagram
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HSRP Status
Every s tandby group conf igured on in ter face m aybe under the fo l lowing status:
INIT - Initial status
LEARN - Virtual IP address not set
LISTEN - Monitoring activity / standby router
SPEAK - Electing Active / standby router
STANDBY- Status of standby router (only one)
ACTIVE - Status of active router (only one)
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S P E A K
H a v e n o t
r e c e i v e dH e l l od a t a g r a mf r o m t h es t a n d b y
r o u t e r a f t e r t h e s e t t i m e
l im i t
IN IT
L E A R N
L I S T E N
S T A N D B Y
A C T I V E
H S R Ps t a n d b y
g r o u p h a sn o t
c o n f i g u r e da n y v i r t u a l I P
a d d r e s s
C o n f i g u r eH S R P
s t a n d b yg r o u p o ni n t e r f a c e
H S R Ps t a n d b y
g r o u pc o n f i g u r e sv i r t u a l I Pa d d r e s s
L e a r nf r o m
d a t a g r a mo f
a u t h o r i z e da c t i v er o u t e r a b o u t
v i r t u a l I Pa d d r e s s
Have notreceived Hello
datagrams fromthe active or
standby routersafter the settimeout time
limit
S e t p r e e m p t i o nm o d e a n d h a s
a p r i o r i t y h i g h e r t h a n t h e c u r r e n t
a c t i v e r o u t e r
H a v e n o tr e c e i v e d H e l l od a t a g r a m f r o m
t h e a c t i v er o u t e r a f t e r
t h e s e t t i m o u tt i m e l i m i t
HSRP Status Transmission
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HSRP Datagram
Version Oper Code State Hello Time
Hold Time Priority Group Reserved
Authentication Data
Virtual IP Address
Datagram type Hello, Coup, Resign
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MHSRP
Several standby groups can be
configured in a same network segment
One router can participate in several
standby groups
Different interfaces can configure several
standby groups
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on gura on asList
HSRP configuration should be done under Ethernetinterface mode
HSRP configuration task list is as below:Start HSRP
Configure the router's priority in a HSRP standby groupConfigure the router to work under preemption mode in the HSRP standby group
Configure HSRP authentication
Configure HSRP timer
Configure monitoring designated interface
Configure to use the actual interface MAC addressModify virtual MAC address
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HSRP Configuration Commands
Start HSRPfunction
standby [ group-number ] ip [ virtual-ip-address ]
Set a router's priority in a standby group
standby [group-number] priority [priority-value]
Set a router to work under preemptive mode in a standby group
standby [group-number] preempt
Set the authentication of a standby group
standby [group-number] authentication [string]
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HSRP Configuration Commands
Set HSRPHello time and Hold time
standby [group-number] timers [hello-time] [hold-time]
Set the router to monitor a designated interface
standby [group-number] track interface-type interface-number [priority-reduced]
Set to use actual interface MACaddress
standby use-bia
Modify a virtual MACaddress
standby use-ovmac xx-xx-xx-xx-xx
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HSRP Monitoring and Maintenance
Show current HSRP information
show standby
Open HSRP data debugging information switch
debug standby
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Single Standby Group Configuration
C fi HSRPM it i
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Configure HSRP MonitoringDesignated Interface
M lti l St db G
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Multiple Standby GroupsConfiguration
Conf igurat ion requirements:
Realize load sharing:For instance: router A is the active router of standby group 1 and at the same time it is the
standby router of standby group 2
Router B acts exactly the opposite, it is the active router of standby group 2 and at the sametime it is the standby router of standby group 1
Some hosts use standby group 1 as their gateway, other hosts use standby group 2 as theirgateway.
In this way, the purposes of data flow load sharing and inter-standby are achieved at the sametime.
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Summary
Understand HSRP concept and i ts
appl icat ion.
Understand HSRP work ing pr inc ip le.
HSRP conf igurat ion.