Chapter 12, Drugs. Chapter 12 drugs, Penicillins.

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12 drugs, Penicillins

Chapter 12, drugs, Penicillium

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs, Kirby-Bauer Test

Chapter 12, Drugs

Chapter 12, Drugs• Drug Resistance

– General cause: Genetic mutation, followed by • Natural selection

• 1. produce and enzyme (beta lactamase on penicillin

• 2. preventing penetration of drug• 3. pump drug out• 4. hereditary resistance due to transfer of

plasmids• 5. alteration of drugs active site

Chapter 12, Drugs• Contributors of overall drug resistance:

• 1. Indiscriminate use

• 2. Over use• 3. Underuse (take dosage as recommended)

• 4. Use of drugs in animal feed

Chapter 12, Drugs• Multiple Drug resistant strains

• 1. MRSA (HA and CA)

• 2. ViSA

• 3. MDR tb

• 4. MDR gononrrhea