Chapter 12

Chapter 12The Family

Objectives Describe the norms that influence the ways

in which marriage patterns are organized around the world.

Identify the basic societal needs that the institution of the family satisfies.

Explain how American families begin & describe some of the disruptions they might face.

Analyze some of the trends in American family life currently being examined by sociologists.

Family a group of people

who are related by marriage, blood or adoption & who often live together and share economic resources

Nuclear Family consists of 1 or more

parents & their children Family of Orientation:

nuclear family into which one is born or adopted

Family of Procreation: nuclear family consisting of an individual, his or her spouse & their children

Extended Family consists of 2 or more generations

▪ grandparents, parents, children, uncles, aunts & cousins may all live together

Kinship a network of

people who are related by marriage, birth, or adoption

Marriage & Kinship Patterns

Marriage-Partner Patterns Monogamy: marriage of 2 partners

only Polygamy: marriage with multiple

partners

Descent PatternsPatrilineal Descent: kinship

traced through father’s familyMatrilineal Descent: kinship

traced through mother’s familyBilateral Descent: kinship traced

through both parents▪ important in matters of property

ownership & inheritance.

Residential Patterns Patrilocality: newly married couple

expected to live with or near husband’s parents

Matrilocality: newly married couple expected to live with or near wife’s parents

Bilocality: newly married couple allowed to choose

Neolocality: newly married couple free to choose their own locality

Authority Patterns Patriarchy: system in

which men are dominant over women

Matriarchy: system in which women are dominant over men

Egalitarian: a family in which the man & woman share power

Functions of the Family regulation of sexual

activity Incest: taboo

reproduction socialization economic &

emotional security

Homogamy marriage between

individuals who have similar social characteristics

Heterogamy marriage between individuals who

have different social characteristics

Trends in American Family Life delayed marriage childlessness dual-earner

marriages delayed

childbearing remarriage 1-parent families

CLASSWORK: CHAPTER 12

Pg 304: #2-3 Pg 317: #2-3 Pg 318: #1-10 Identifying People &

Ideas Pg 318: #1-5 Understanding Main

Ideas Pg 319: #1-4 Building Social Studies

Skills

Exploring Cultural Diversity Please turn in your books to Pg 298. Read the following study on

changing family life & answer the “Think About It” questions in your journals.