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Slide 1
Slide 2
Chapter 11 Water
Slide 3
Two kinds Salt water Freshwater We can only live a few days
without water, but we can live a month without food
Slide 4
The water cycle Continuous movement of water between earth and
its atmosphere Is water a renewable resource?
Slide 5
Global water distribution What percent of earth is covered by
water? About two thirds, or more specifically 71% What percentage
of that water is salt water? 97% So 3% of water on earth is fresh
water Most of this is ICE (77%) A lot is GROUNDWATER (22%) Less
than 1% is SURFACE WATER (that we can drink)!
Slide 6
Water Mr. Turri
Slide 7
Fresh water on Earths land surface Remember we said less than
1% of Earths water is surface water! Sources of fresh water in the
form of surface water include : Rivers Streams Lakes Surface
water
Slide 8
A flowing network of rivers and streams draining a river basin
Other rivers and streams flow into other rivers and streamsmaking a
larger river. River systems
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Mississippi River System
Slide 10
The area of land that is drained by a river Biggest in the US
in the Mississippi Watersheds
Slide 11
Slide 12
Most of the freshwater available for human use cannot be seen
it exists underground When it rains some water goes into the
streams and rivers, but most of it percolates down through the soil
and into the rocks below This water is called groundwater
Groundwater
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As you travel down through the earths surface, eventually you
reach a point where the soil is saturated with water, this is the
water table. The water table
Slide 14
Slide 15
CHAPTER 11 Water
Slide 16
Water management Aqueduct huge channels that move water from
one place to another Often used when natural water distribution
isn't enough
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Dams - a structure built to control the flow of water Reservoir
an artificial lake that will form behind the dam
Slide 18
Conservation Agriculture Drip irrigation system: deliver water
directly to plant roots Industry recycling of used water
Residential change habits/technology
Slide 19
Future solutions Desalination The process of removing salt form
salt water Pros? Cons? Transporting water Bags Icebergs
Slide 20
Water T-Russ Trying to Douglas
Slide 21
Water Pollution Introduction of chemical, physical, or
biological agents that degrade water quality Adversely affect the
organisms that depend on water
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Point source pollution Pollution from a single source
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Non-point source Comes from many different sources that are
often difficult to identify
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Wastewater Water that contains waste from homes or
industry
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Artificial Eutrophication Nutrients are good for water.but TOO
much can be bad: When nutrients break down or decompose, they use
up oxygen. Fertilizers cause excess phosphorus and nitrogen to
enter surface water through sewage or runoff.
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Eutrophication
Slide 27
Thermal Pollution Did you ever think warmth can be a pollutant?
It can, if a body of water rises just a few degrees, large amount
of fish can die. Like eutrophication, thermal pollution causes
decreased levels of oxygen in water, cold water holds more
oxygen.
Slide 28
Groundwater Pollution Groundwater can get polluted through
Pesticide Herbicide Petroleum products Very difficult to clean
Slide 29
Ocean Pollution Most of the pollution that occurs in the ocean
comes from ACTIVITIES ON LAND. Oil spills
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How do we clean up oil spills? Booms: Barriers to prevent the
oil from spreading Dispersants: chemicals that break up the oil so
that it is diluted by more water Pros/cons Skimmers: remove oil
from the surface of water Burning
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Ecosystem Biomagnification buildup of pollutants at higher
levels of the food chain
Slide 32
Cleaning up Cuyahoga River Clean Water Act of 1972 Goal was to
make all surface water clean enough to swim and fish in by 83. Not
met, but 30% increase Clean Air Act of 1990 requires oil tankers
traveling US water to have double hulls