Chapter 11: Single-Subject Experimental Research. Objectives Describe the characteristics of a single-subject design, and explain the benefits and challenges of this type of data collection. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application, 9th edition.Gay, Mills, & Airasian
single-subject design, and explain the benefits and challenges of this type of data collection.
Differentiate among the three major categories of single-subject designs — A–B–A withdrawal, multiple-baseline, and alternating treatments designs — and the variants within each category.
Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application, 9th edition.Gay, Mills, & Airasian
Single-subject (single-case experimental) designs are applied when the sample size is one or when a number of individuals are considered to be one group.
These designs are used to study behavior change in response to treatment.
Each participant serves as his/her own control.
Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application, 9th edition.Gay, Mills, & Airasian
Each participant is exposed to both treatment and control phases and is measured during each phase.
Single-subject designs are often used for research and treatment decisions in special education, communication science disorders, and clinical psychology.
Applications of these designs, however, are appropriate to many additional areas.
Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application, 9th edition.Gay, Mills, & Airasian
For example, if we were to study the in-class swearing behavior of Melissa, we could make several observations of her in class, recording her swearing behavior, introduce an intervention for several classes and observe her swearing behavior, stop the intervention and observe her for several classes. This would be represented as A-B-A.
Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application, 9th edition.Gay, Mills, & Airasian
Data analysis in single-subject research is typically based on visual inspection and analysis of a graphic representation of results. First, the researcher evaluates the adequacy
of the design. Second, if the design is deemed valid, the
researcher assesses treatment effectiveness. Effectiveness is evaluated based upon clinical
effectiveness not statistical effectiveness.
Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application, 9th edition.Gay, Mills, & Airasian