Chapter 11 Medicine/Alcohol/Drugs/Nervous System
Chapter 11
Medicine/Alcohol/Drugs/Nervous System
Do Now
• Do you read the label on an over-the-counter medicine before you take it? Why or why not?
Drug
A substance other than food that changes the structure or
function of the body or mind.
Medicine
A drug that prevents or cures illness or eases it’s symptoms.
1. Prescription medicine – medicine that can be used safely only with a doctor’s written permission
2. Over-the-Counter – medicines that you can buy without a doctor’s prescription.
• Side effect – reactions to medicines other than the ones intended
Guidelines for Using Medicine Safely
1. Read the label (taken with food, empty stomach, expiration date)
2. Take safety precautions (medicines prescribed for you, out of reach of children.
Do Now
• What effects do you think using alcohol has on a person’s body? Make a list of these effects.
Alcohol
Drug created by a chemical reaction in some foods,
especially fruits and grains.
Effects on the BodyBRAIN
Short-term• Impaired
judgment• Slowed reaction
time
Long-term• Brain cell destruction
Effects on the BodyHEART
Short-term• Increased heart
rate
Long-term• Irregular heartbeat
• Heart muscle damage
Effects on the BodyLIVER
Short-term• Liver filter
process unbalanced
Long-term• Cirrhosis• Cancer• Death
Effects on the BodyKIDNEYS
Short-term• Dehydration
• Headache• Dizziness
Long-term• Kidney failure
Effects on the BodyBLOOD VESSELS
Short-term• Fake sense of
warmth
Long-term• High blood
pressure• Stroke
Effects on the BodySTOMACH
Short-term• Vomiting
Long-term• Ulcers• Cancer
These are ALL EQUAL
Beer 12 oz
Wine4 oz
Mixed Drink1.5oz
Alcoholism
An illness characterized by a
physical and psychological need
for alcohol
Signs of Alcoholism• Drunk often• Drinks alone
• Stops participating in activities so they can drink• Acts like a different
person• Makes excuses for
drinking• Promises to quit but
doesn’t• Refuses to admit how
much they drink• Experiences blackouts
Do Now
• Make a list of illegal drugs that you have heard about. Jot down what you have heard about them.
Important Definitions
• Drug abuse – use of a drug for non-medical purposes
• Stimulants – speed up the body’s functions (increased heart rate, breathing)
• Amphetamines – strong stimulants that speed up the nervous system (heart attack, brain seizures, death, irregular heartbeat)
Marijuana
Short-term• Loss of memory
• Inability to speak clearly
• Increased heartrate
Long-term• Body
development problems
• Damage to lung tissue
• Inability to have children
Important Definitions
• Cocaine and Crack (concentrated) – stimulant (increased heart rate, lung problems
• Depressants – slow down the body’s functions and reactions (decreased heart rate, depressed breathing, causes sleepiness)
Do Now
• Make a list of healthful habits you can develop to take care of your nervous system.
Parts of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System
• Brain command center
• Spinal cord relays messages
Peripheral Nervous System
• Connects to the CNS
Ways to Keep the NS Healthy
1. Protect yourself from disease (vaccines)
2. Wear a helmet3. Play it safe (do NOT dive in a
shallow pool)4. Lift properly5. Observe safety rules (seat belt)6. Avoid alcohol/drugs
Do Now
• Jot down one physical, mental/emotional, and social risk of using alcohol or other drugs.
Reasons to Avoid Substance Abuse
• Don’t show respect for yourself• Future means to much to me• Want to be in control• Alcohol/drugs can harm me• Using alcohol/drugs means
breaking the law• True friends = don’t convince =
use drugs• Alcohol/drugs take energy away
Refusal Skills
• Say NO in a firm voice• Tell why not
• Offer another idea• Promptly leave
Alternatives
• Join school activity• Volunteer
• Learn to do something new