Chapter 11 Information System Development and Programming Languages

Discovering Computers 2008FundamentalsFourth Edition

Discovering Computers 2008FundamentalsFourth Edition

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Chapter 11 Information

System Development

and Programming

Languages

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Chapter 11 Learning Outcomes

Differentiate between low-level languages and procedural languages

Differentiate between low-level languages and procedural languages

Identify the benefits of object-oriented programming languages and program

development tools

Identify the benefits of object-oriented programming languages and program

development tools

List other programming languages and other program development tools

List other programming languages and other program development tools

Describe various ways to develop Web pages

Describe various ways to develop Web pages

List the six steps in the program development cycle

List the six steps in the program development cycle

Explain the basic control structures used in designing solutions to

programming problems

Explain the basic control structures used in designing solutions to

programming problems

Students should be able to…

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Programming Languages

What is a computer program (software)? Set of instructions that directs

the computer to perform tasks Programming language—used to

communicate instructions

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Programming Languages…”in the beginning”

What is machine language? Only language

computer directly recognizes

Uses a series of binary digits (1s and 0s) with a combination of numbers and letters that represent binary digits

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Programming Languages…a wee-bit newer

What is assembly language? Instructions made

up of symbolic instruction codes, meaningful abbreviations and codes

Source program contains code to be converted to machine language

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Programming Languages…1960’s until now

What is COBOL? COmmon Business-Oriented Language

Designed for business applications

English-like statements make code

easy to read, write, and maintain

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Programming Languages…many more todayWhat are C, C++, C#, Visual Basic, Java, JavaScript,

Perl, PerlScript, PHP, Ruby on Rails, Cold Fusion…

Powerful languages

Requires professional programming skills

(or at least training of yourself)

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Programming Languages

What is a compiler? A program

(software) that converts the entire source program into machine language before executing it

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Programming Languages

What is an interpreter? A program that

translates and executes one program code statement at a time

Does not produce an object program

Browsers do this!(For example, Firefox or Internet Explorer)

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Programming Languages…many, many more

What are other available programming languages?

ALGOLALGOLALGOLALGOLADAADAADAADA APLAPLAPLAPL

BASICBASICBASICBASIC HYPERTALKHYPERTALKHYPERTALKHYPERTALKFORTRANFORTRANFORTRANFORTRANFORTHFORTHFORTHFORTH

LISPLISPLISPLISP MODULA-2MODULA-2MODULA-2MODULA-2LOGOLOGOLOGOLOGO

PASCALPASCALPASCALPASCAL PROLOGPROLOGPROLOGPROLOGPL/1PL/1PL/1PL/1PILOTPILOTPILOTPILOT

SMALLTALKSMALLTALKSMALLTALKSMALLTALK

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Programming Languages

What is an application generator? Program that creates source code or

machine code from a specification Consists of a report writer, a form, and

menu generator

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Programming Languages

What is HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)?

Used to create Web pages

Source Code: WYSIWYG(“wiz-e-wig”)What You See is What You Get:

View -> Source

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Programming Languages

What is a scripting language? Programming language used to allow Web

pages to be more “powerful” (do more things)

Examples: JavaScript VBScript Perl

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Programming Languages

What is dynamic HTML (DHTML)?

Enhanced version of HTML which allows developers to include more graphical interest and interactivity on Web pages

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Programming Languages

What are XML and WML?

XML XML (Extensible Markup Language)(Extensible Markup Language)

allows developers to create customized tags

WMLWML (Wireless Markup Language) (Wireless Markup Language)

allows developers to design pages specifically for microbrowsers

Many PDAs and smart phones use WML as their

markup language

Server sends entire record to client, enabling client to do much of processing without

going back to the server

<LastName>Norman</LastName><FirstName>Ronald</FirstName><College>Grossmont</College><OfficePhone>619-644-7515</OfficePhone>

Office 2007 default documentFormat is XML: .docx, .xlsx, .pptx

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FlashFlash

Programming Languages

What is Web page authoring software? Creates sophisticated Web pages without

using HTML This software generates (creates) the

HTML code for you (me)

DreamweaverDreamweaver

Examples of Web page authoring

software

FrontPage is morphing…

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