Chapter 11 Infection control.
Chapter 11 Infection control.
Precautions
Universal precautions Treat everyone like
they have… Every disease!
Patients Kids Friends Family
Standard precautions Steps to protect
yourself from a disease. PPE Handwashing
What do you do..?
Regulations Made by agencies
FDA, EPA, OSHA
Enforce compliance If not…..
Fines Lose license Jail
“Must do’s”
Recommendations Anyone can
suggest Non-enforceable
Encourage you to… Have pt’s wear
safety goggles / glasses
“Don’t have to do’s” But should
Agencies
OSHA Occupational
Safety and Health Administration
Protect employees on the job.
Require employers to provide PPE. You are responsible
to use it!
EPA Environmental
Protection Agency Regulate waste Chemical disposal
Agencies
CDC Centers for
Disease Control Protect public
health Responsible for
PPE regulations. When Why PPE must be
worn.
FDA Food and Drug
Administration Approves foods and
drugs for consumer use.
Regulate: sterilizers, cleaning solutions and PPE. Make sure it
works.
Personal Protective Equipment(PPE)
Gloves Latex Vinyl Nitrile
Mask Earloop Tie
Should protect mucous membranes.
Gown Fluid resistant
Disposable Laundered
Safety glasses Always wear!
Side shields OK Shatter resistant Face shield can be
used
Handwashing
#1 way to reduce / prevent spreading of micro-organisms Cool – cold H2O Antimicrobial soap Scrub min. 15 sec. Rinse Dry w/ paper towels
When…? Arrival at work Donning / doffing
gloves After restroom Before eating ‘not sure of
cleanliness’..? Before going home
Prevention
You….? Good health / immune
system Proper diet Exercise Sleep
Immunizations Hep B NONE for Hep C
Now biggest concern (Not B)
PPE usage?
Patient…? Thorough medical
history. Updated at every
visit / appointment ‘universal precautions’ Pre-procedure mouth
rinse. Chlorhexidine
Glucotnate Listerine
Prevention
During treatment Dental dam HVE Disposable items Barriers Use of:
Overgloves Clean forceps Recapping devices
After treatment Proper disinfection
Intermediate level Bleach/water is OK
1 : 10
Proper technique Spray-wipe-spray Wipe-wipe-wipe
10 minutes Contact time
Exposure Control
Written Exposure Plan Preventive
measures Documents
exposure Indicates
appropriate action Steps to correct an
exposure situation
Occupational Exposure Anticipated
exposure on the job to: Blood Saliva OPIM
Other potentially infectious materials
Risk of exposure
Exposure Determination
Chances of having an exposure
Category I Always / usually
involves exposure to blood / saliva Dentists Hygienists Assistants
Category II Occasional / possible
contact with blood / saliva Receptionist Lab case driver
Category III Rare / no contact w/
blood/saliva Bookkeeper Office manager
Disease transmission
Contamination Presence of an
infectious agent Cross-
contamination Spreading of an
infectious agent How…?
Routes of exposure Direct
Pt. to staff etc.
Indirect Pt. to object to staff
etc.
Airborne Inhalation
Sterilization
Process of killing all forms of life. Autoclave Cold sterile
Glutaraldehyde Performed on:
Instruments Handpieces
Between every patient
Ultrasonic cleaner Vibrates debris off of
instruments. Cavitation process No handpieces 3 – 10 min.
Biological monitor “spore test” Ensures sterilization
has occurred. Autoclave is working.
1 X per week.
Process Indicator
Different than the “spore” test. What is in the bag has
been ‘heated’. Gone through the
process Color change dot/arrow
on bag Process Indicating
Tape. Both change color
when exposed to heat
Conclusion
Understanding diseases, how they are spread and how to protect yourself are very important parts of your job.
Treat everyone as if infectious. When in doubt….wash your hands. Always wear your PPE…and remember.
If it’s wet and it’s not yours…DON’T TOUCH IT.
Chapter 10
You will watch a video on Hazard Communication for chapter 10.
Pay attention to: MSDS’s / Appropriate PPE / Safety
devices. Secondary container labeling. Hazard warning labels. Signs and symptoms of allergic reactions.