Top Banner
Chapter 10: Chapter 10: Respiration Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism
13

Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

Jan 04, 2016

Download

Documents

Duane Simmons
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

Chapter 10: RespirationChapter 10: Respiration

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

Movement into and out of the organism

Page 2: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

A. Respiration

- _________ is the life process responsible for releasing ______ from food

- Breathing brings in ____ to allow ______________________ to happen in your cells

- Respiration occurs __________ in ____ organisms: animals, plants, bacteria, etc.

- Usually involves the ________________________

Page 3: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

1. Respiratory Surface Exchange _________________________ between the organism and the environment Must be: a) _________ to allow diffusion to occur quickly b) ________ because O2 and CO2 are dissolved in water c) in ______________________ – usually the external environment d) in contact with the ________________ to be able to carry O2

to the cellsThe larger the _________________ the more materials can beexchanged

Page 4: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

2. Gas Exchange in LARGE Multicellular animals a) Aquatic vs. Terrestrial - O2 in water is usually less than 1% but O2 in air is 20% - O2 diffuses slower in water than in air - Air breathers must keep their respiratory surface moist

b) External vs. Internal Respiration - External respiration is the exchange of gases between the organism and the environment - Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and body cells

c) Respiratory Pigments - allow the blood to carry more O2 than just plain water - ex: _____________ = a protein pigment that carries O2 in the blood

Page 5: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

B. Human Respiratory System 1. Organs of the Respiratory System ______ are the primary organs made of microscopic air chambers surrounded by blood vessels

a) ______________________________ - ____ – ______; stop foreign particles - _____ – _______ bacterial and small particles - ________ – ______ foreign particles; ________ air - __________ – blood _______ air- When you breathe through your mouth you don’t get these advantages

Page 6: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

b) __________ – back of the throat - _________ – directs air to the lungs; blocks food from entering the lungsc) ___________ = _______________ - _______ = ________ – located on top of the trachea Vocal cords = cartilage bands that vibrate - Trachea is covered with __________ on the outside of the tube keeps it open but the cartilage is __________ enough to allow the trachea to expand and contract - Inside the trachea the cells are lined with ____________________d) ______________ - _____________________ the left and right lung

Page 7: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

e) ________________ - small branches of the bronchi inside the lungsf) _______________________ - elastic air chambers located at the _____________________ - walls are ______________ _________________ - covered with ____________ ___________________

Page 8: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

2. Breathing - Lungs do not contain muscle tissue – need help to move air - _________ = muscle that aids in breathing a) ____________ – draws air in 1) Ribs move ____________ 2) Diaphragm moves _______ 3) Volume in chest cavity ___________ 4) Pressure ______________ 5) Air moves__________

b) Exhalation – forces air out 1) Ribs move ___ and ____ 2) Diaphragm moves _____ 3) Volume in chest cavity _____ 4) Pressure ____ 5) Air move ____

c) Respiratory Center in the Brain - measures amount of CO2 in blood why not O2? - involuntary control of breathing

Breathing animation Breathing

Page 9: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

C. Cellular Respiration

- process by which organisms release _____ from nutrient molecules

- usually ___ combines with ________ to make _________________

- ______ is the chemical molecule that cells use for energy

- H2O, and CO2 are ________________ from cellular respiration

- Cellular Respiration is an enzyme controlled reaction

Cellular Respiration Overview

Cellular Respiration Overview 2

Page 10: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

Aerobic Cellular RespirationAerobic Cellular Respiration Anaerobic Cellular RespirationAnaerobic Cellular Respiration

_____________ ____________Normal breathing brings in O2 for cellular respiration

During ________________ humans use up O2 faster than they can bring it in Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

Produces ____________ as a waste productLactic Acid cause muscle ___________

Occurs in the ____________Cell that need more energy have more mitochondria

Page 11: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

D. Diseases of the Human Respiratory System

a) ________________ - causes ________________, and breathing difficulties - ____________________ of the air passages - often caused by an __________ reaction

b) _________________ - lungs lose _________ – not stretchy - alveoli walls are damaged _____ ___________________ - shortness of breath, wheezing - usually caused by environmental factors

Page 12: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

c) ______________ - infection / inflammation of bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli - swell and clog with mucus - severe coughing and breathing difficulties

d) _______________ - __________________ stops gas exchange

e) _______________ - uncontrolled growth of lung cells

Page 13: Chapter 10: Respiration Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Movement into and out of the organism.

f) DO NOT SMOKE - it causes and aggravates many respiratory disease some effects are irreversible - it’s your choice