Top Banner
Chapter 10. Phase Diagrams
27

Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

Mar 15, 2020

Download

Documents

dariahiddleston
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

Chapter 10. Phase Diagrams

Page 2: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

Binary Eutectic systems

Page 3: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

Ex 10.2)

Page 4: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

Binary Eutectic SystemsBinary Eutectic Systems

→ 액체 상태에서 완전히 융해 혼합되나eutectic reaction - I→ 액체 상태에서 완전히 융해 혼합되나

고체 상태에서는 전혀 고용되지 않는 경우 (순금속 A와 B의 두 고체상형성)

→ Au-Si, Cd-Bi, Be-Si, …, , ,

※ Eutectic 반응 :

액상 (e) ↔ 고상 (A) + 고상 (B)T 액상 (e) 고상 (A) + 고상 (B)

( L ↔ A + B )L

Tm,A

Tm,B

p. ※ e : eutectic point

L+A L+B

e

Tem

p

Eutectic line

※ e : eutectic point→ 3 상(L, A, B)이 공존→ 자유도(F) = 0

A+B→ 불변점 (invariant point)

A BCB

X

Page 5: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

※ Au-Si system

L+Si

Page 6: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

※ eutectic reaction - II→ 액체 상태에서 완전히 융해 혼합되나

고체 상태에서는 일부만 고용되는 경우 (고용체 와 b 의 공정 형성)고체 상태에서는 일부만 고용되는 경우 (고용체 a 와 b 의 공정 형성)

→ Pb-Sn, Pb-Sb, Cu-Ag, Cd-Zn, …

※ eutectic reaction :

액상 (e) ↔ 고상 (a) + 고상 (b)Tm A li id( L ↔ a + b )

L

m,A

Tm,B

p.

liquidus

solidus

L+b

e

Tem

p

a b

L+a

a + b

A B

solvus

A BCB

Page 7: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

※ Ag-Cu system

Page 8: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나
Page 9: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

at T → 초정 α 정출 (primary α )

※ X 조성의 합금의 경우

L

T1L1α1

at T1 → 초정 α1 정출 (primary α1)

at T2 → L2 + α2

고상 ( ) 액상 (L ) L

L+βL+ α

T2α2

L2

고상 (α2) : 액상 (L2) = aL2 : aα2

a at TE 직상 (eutectic reaction 직전)L+β

eα β

L+ α

αeTE βeb

고상 (αe) : 액상 (e) = be : bαe

at TE → eutectic reaction ( L ↔ α + β )

α + βT3 β3α3

c d

액상 → e 조성

잔류 액상량 = (bαe/ eαe)x100%

L (e) ↔ α (αe) + β (βe)

A BX E → 초정(αe) + 공정 (αe+ βe) 조직Y

at T3 → β 상의 석출3 β 상의 석출

α : β = cβ3 : cα3

Page 10: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

※ X 조성의 합금의 경우

at TEL

T1L1α1

• 공정조직 내의 α , β 상의 비

L (e) ↔ α (αe) + β (βe)

at TE

L+βL+ α

T2α2

L2

aα : β = eβe : eαe

→ 공정조직은 항상 조성 e를 가짐L+β

eα β

L+ α

αeTE βeb • 전체 조직 내의 α , β 상의 비

α : β = bβ : bαα + βT3 β3α3

c d

α : β = bβe : bαe

초정α

A BX E Y α (αe)공정(α+ β)

β

Page 11: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나
Page 12: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나
Page 13: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나
Page 14: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나
Page 15: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나
Page 16: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

100% Ag 2.5% Cu

17% Cu 28 1% Cu17% Cu 28.1% Cu

100% Ag

2.5% Cu2.5% Cu

17% Cu

28.1% Cu

65% Cu

100% Cu

in wt.%65% Cu 100% Cu

Page 17: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나
Page 18: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

EutectoidEutectoid

고상 (γ) ↔ 고상 (α) + 고상 (β)

( γ ↔ α + β )

Page 19: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

※ Fe-C system

Page 20: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

pearlite

pro-eutectoid α

Page 21: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

Fe-Fe3C pearlite

Page 22: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나
Page 23: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

PeritecticPeritectic

고상 (δ) + 액상 (L) ↔ 고상 (ε)고상 (δ) + 액상 (L) ↔ 고상 (ε)

Page 24: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

Congruent phase transformationsCongruent phase transformations

No compositional alterations for phase transformations

Page 25: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

C i Ph DiCeramic Phase Diagrams

Al2O3-Cr2O3 system MgO-Al2O3 system

Page 26: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

ZrO2-CaO system

Page 27: Chapter 10. Phase Diagramshome.skku.edu/~femlab/lecture/introduction_mse/lecture9.pdf · 2008-03-30 · BinaryEutecticSystemsBinary Eutectic Systems →액체상태에서완전히융해혼합되나

Th Gibb Ph R lThe Gibbs Phase Rule

P + F = C + N

F: the number of degrees of freedom or gthe number of externally controlled variables