Chapter 10 Lesson 1 8.40 Analyze the role played by John Marshall in strengthening the central government, including the key decisions of the Supreme Court.

Chapter 10 Lesson 1

8.40 Analyze the role played by John Marshall in strengthening the central government,including the key decisions of the Supreme Court - Marbury v. Madison, Gibbons v. Ogden, andMcCulloch v. Maryland. (H, P)8.41 Explain the major events of Thomas Jefferson’s presidency, including his election in 1800,Louisiana Purchase, the defeat of the Barbary pirates, and the Embargo Act. (E, G, H)

Thomas Jefferson Video

Election of 1800

Federalists- supported a strong central government

Democratic-Republicans: represented by Thomas Jefferson, feared a strong central government

Thomas Jefferson Vs. Aaron Burr Radicals- people who take extreme

political positions

Jefferson’s Campaign for the Presidency

- In 1800, Thomas Jefferson led the Democratic-Republicans as candidate for President of the USA.

- His running mate was Aaron Burr- He faced off against John Adams

of the Federalist Party along with Charles Pickney for vice president

Campaigning Neither side traveled to gain

support. Instead letters were sent and ads were posted in newspapers.

It was a bitter campaign Both sides launched personal

attacks Federalists called Jefferson

“godless” even though he believed in freedom of religion

Republicans said the Adams favored the wealthy and would bring back a monarchy.

Electoral College

Electors- electing groups of people Our representatives vote on our behalf At that time, the Constitution stated that

each person would cast two ballot- but not specifically name a President or VP

The candidate with the most would be President, the second place would be the VP

73 electors cast their ballots for Jefferson and Burr

Electoral College Therefore each one got the same

number of vote The House of Representatives had to

make the deciding vote Federalist tried to keep Jefferson out

of office by electing Burr, but Hamilton dislike Burr and persuaded some otherwise

For 35 ballots they tied Finally, a representative of Delaware

feared a Civil War would break out and voted for Jefferson

The Election Results are In!Not wanting this to happen again, the

12th Amendment was passed stating that each elector wouldcast one ballotfor president, andone for vice President.??? Which areas tendedto support Adams??

Critical Thinking- Drawing Conclusions

Why do you think Adams and Jefferson both had their support concentrated in particular regions of the country?

Adams’s supporters in New England and the mid-Atlantic states belonged to an industrial economy that supported a strong central government. Jefferson’s supporters, mostly in the South, belonged to an agricultural economy that supported the idea of states’ rights and limited central government.

Jefferson’ View of Government 3rd U.S. President

(1801-1809) Aaron Burr – V.P. George Clinton – V.P.

Wealthy plantation owner (Virginia) Tobacco (and hemp) Slavery

Somewhat opposed

Jefferson’ View of Government

Promoted a common way of life Valued country living Wanted to avoid having too much

government Believed the power of the central Government should be limited Attempts to appeal to the average American

Jefferson’ View of Government Changes things up: Reduces size of gov. He reduced the military, shrunk the

Bank of the United States, Gets rid of “king-like” things:

Walks to White House Rides his own horse rather than a carriage

Think Pair Share Based on his interests and skills, what qualities do you think Jefferson

might have had??? He was probably curious, open to new ideas, and creative

Judiciary Act 1801 After the election, but before Jefferson

took office, John Adams tried to load down the courts with Federalists

John Adams used the Judiciary Act of 1801 to make hundreds of appointments. He also asked John Marshall to the Chief Justice.

Think Pair Share ???What would be the benefit of doing this???

Federalists Prepare

Congress and the courts would be under Federalist control and would still support Adams’ choices.

Adams could then block Jefferson from making appointments

Supreme court judges are appointed for life

Adams appointees could not take effect until they received an official paper called a commission

Marbury v. Madison When Jefferson took office, some of the

appointees had not received the commission.

Jefferson told Madison (the Secretary of State) not to deliver them.

William Marbury was one who did not get his He asked the Supreme Court to rule for

Madison to deliver it Court ruled it was not their jurisdiction, or

legal authority, to do that Marbury argued that an act of Congress

gave the courts power, but the Court ruled it was unconstitutional

Marbury v. Madison During Jefferson’s presidency the

Federalists controlled the Supreme Court 1803 Marbury V. Madison: principle of

Judicial Review was introduced by Chief Justice John Marshall1. Constitution was the supreme law of the land2. Constitution must be followed when there is a

conflict with any other law3. The judicial branch can declare laws

unconstitutional

This is inscribed on the Supreme Court Building in Washington D.C. to show Marbury vs. Madison played a huge role in displaying the power of judicial review.

John Marshall & Supreme Court Marshall claimed the power of the courts

to find acts of other branches unconstitutional

He broadened the power of the Courts Expanded Federal power at the expense

of the states Served a 24 year term Other noted cases: McCulloch v.

Maryland, Gibbons v. Ogden, Worchester v. Georgia

McCulloch v. Maryland 1819 Court held that Congress does not

have implied powers and that states cannot tax the Federal government

Gibbons v. Ogden 1824 The Court held that the federal law

overrules state law in matters affecting more than one stateWorcester v. Georgia 1832 The Court decided that states could

not regulate Native Americans

Your Assignment You are asked to create an instructional

presentation (song, poem, play, etc.) that will describe the major decisions of the Supreme Court during John Marshalls office as Chief Justice.

You must include the information on Marbury v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland, Gibbons v. Ogden, and Worcester v. Georgia

You will have one week to complete this You may work alone, with a partner, or

as a group of three or four

Rubric and Example Marbury v. Madison Rap Instructional Video Rubric

  4 3 2 1Court Cases

Contains all court cases

Only has 3 cases

Only has 2 cases

Only has one case

Grammar and Punctuation

Has none, one, or two mistakes

Has three or four mistakes

Has five or six mistakes

Has more than six mistakes

Creativity Colorful, original, understandable,informational 

Has three of four

Has two of four

Has one of four

Self Score Completed all on own

Had a little help

Did not do much at all

Did nothing

Exit out the door

Get out your clicker and answer the following questions:

1.Which statement reflects a principle of Judicial Review?a) State law takes precedence over federal lawb) The constitution is the supreme law of the landc) Laws that conflict with the Constitution may

standd) The executive branch must uphold the

constitution

2. Based on what you know about the original political parties, and the maps below, which Political party from 1800 would be similar to the Democratic party today?

a) Federalistsb) Democratic-

Republicanc) Republicand) Antifederalist

Election of 1800

Election of 2012