Chapter 1 The Language of Leadership HPR 323
Feb 13, 2016
Chapter 1 The Language of Leadership
HPR 323
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Leadership
The essence of leadership involves inspiring a vision, enabling others to act, modeling desired ways of behaving, and recognizing and celebrating the contributions that individuals make.
Leaders keep hope alive
Hope is an attitude in action
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Leisure: What is it?
No universal accepted definition
Often defined as: Block of time A state of mind An activity
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Recreation: What is it?
An activity engaged in voluntarily that is satisfying to the individual
Many definitions suggest that recreation has socially redeeming qualities
Also viewed as a way of restoring or refreshing as a balance to work
Types of Leaders in our Profession
Playground, coach, leisure counselor, activity instructor, therapist, Boy Scout Leader, outreach worker, guide, outdoor specialist, etc
Roles - Serve as facilitators, teachers, moderators, encouragers, motivators
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Attributes of a leader
A belief in oneself (confidence) and a decent doubt
A passion for the job and an awareness of other worlds (broad perspective)
A love of people and a capacity for aloneness
A vision (forward thinking)
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What do leaders do?
Building camaraderie and cohesiveness
Identifying and defining goals
Developing methods and procedures to achieve goals
Organizing the work of others
Motivating others
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What do leaders do?
Evaluating the work of others
Representing the group
Developing group members
Establishing the group atmosphere
Promoting the ideals of the profession
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Ways to assume the role
Appointment Election Emergence Charisma
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What is leadership?
A process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal
Encourage the best in others Inspire others Create hope Encourage others to accomplish challenging
tasks Leaders create meaning for others
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Leadership Influence and Empowerment
Influence is the process of persuasion – how a leader impacts or affects the behavior of others
Can be done through personality, position or ability to influence
Process of influence without coercion
Influence of persuasion comes from “power resources” Ideas, rational discourse, one’s reputation,
prestige, personality, purpose, status, content of message, interpersonal and group skills, give-and-take behaviors, authority or lack of authority, symbolic interaction, perception, motivation, gender, race, religion, choices, etc
Leadership is multidirectional and non-coercive
Leadership Empowerment
Empowerment involves sharing or giving power or influence to another
Thus, enabling them to have influence In leisure individuals want to have some
control over how the leisure experience unfolds
Giving people the power and freedom to make decisions, take risks, and generate their own pathway
Creates satisfaction, motivation, fulfillment
Empowerment gives individuals the freedom to express views
Allows them to make decisions Unleashes creativity Allows them to become a “part” of
the organizational goals and success
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Leadership and Power
Legitimate or formal power (by position)
Reward power
Coercive power
Referent power
Expert power
Leaders and Followers
What are leaders without followers? Why do people follow?
Efficiency – Many do not want the responsibility – view delegation of leadership as efficient mean of accomplishing group goals
Satisfaction – If things are going smoothly people are content
Experience – those who have led will lead again – followers will typically follow again – comfort zone
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Leadership and the Leisure Experience
Shared Expectations – Leader and group must have similar expectations – performance must match expectations
Trust – confidence in abilities and intentions Effective Communication – active
listening and feedback Shared decision making- instills control
and freedom for the group during the leisure experience
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Leadership and the Leisure Experience
Cooperation – give and take between leader and group
Sense of risk and spontaneity –creates illusion of freedom – sense of risk or unpredictability
Positive reinforcement – on the part of leader and group – builds camaraderie and cohesiveness
Social and emotional bond – Leader’s interest in group members and how it is expressed
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Goals of Recreation, Parks and Leisure Services
Most behavior is goal-directed – need, want, interest – is it pleasurable or worthwhile?
Exploration – testing new ideas, new involvement, new experiences
Self-discovery – explore one’s feelings, values, and ideas
Creativity – making an original or unique contribution
Mental health – relaxation, well-being, being refreshed, stress reduction
Social relations – traditionally been primary goal of leisure service organizations – interact, develop social skills, reduce isolation
Intellectual growth – new skills, new knowledge
Physical fitness
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Goals of Recreation, Parks and Leisure Services
A sense of self determination and independence – hiking, backpacking, canoeing, field trips, scuba diving
Wise use of leisure – worthy, productive, socially accepted
Promoting family unity – strengthen families by encouraging family participation
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Goals of Recreation, Parks and Leisure Services
Enjoyment of life Concern for the environment – understand,
value and appreciate ecological system
Promoting cooperation – create opportunities to work and play together
Learning about others and other cultures – broadens horizons and perspectives on life
Citizenship – instill knowledge and pride