America: America: Land I Love Land I Love Chapter 1: A New World to Chapter 1: A New World to Explore 1492-1682 Explore 1492-1682
May 25, 2015
America:America:Land I LoveLand I Love
Chapter 1: A New World to Explore Chapter 1: A New World to Explore 1492-16821492-1682
Pages 4-7Pages 4-7
Christopher ColumbusChristopher ColumbusColumbus made his first landing in the New Columbus made his first landing in the New
World on the island of San SalvadorWorld on the island of San Salvador
Leif EricsonLeif EricsonHistorians believe that around the year A.D. Historians believe that around the year A.D. 1000, the Viking Leif Ericson landed on the 1000, the Viking Leif Ericson landed on the
shores of North Americashores of North America
Marco PoloMarco PoloMarco became the first European to Marco became the first European to
travel the length of Asia. His writings travel the length of Asia. His writings spurred in many Europeans a new spurred in many Europeans a new
interest in Asia.interest in Asia.
RenaissanceRenaissance
The rebirth of learningThe rebirth of learning
Helped set the stage for Helped set the stage for the discovery of the the discovery of the
New WorldNew World
Printing PressPrinting PressThis was perhaps the most important This was perhaps the most important
invention.invention.
Johann GutenbergJohann GutenbergThe first book Gutenberg printed on his The first book Gutenberg printed on his new press was the most important book new press was the most important book
of all – the Bible.of all – the Bible.
Prince Henry the NavigatorPrince Henry the NavigatorHe founded a navigation school and sent He founded a navigation school and sent out several ships to explore the western out several ships to explore the western
coast of Africa.coast of Africa.
Bartholomew DiasBartholomew DiasHe reached the Cape of Good Hope at He reached the Cape of Good Hope at
the southern tip of Africa.the southern tip of Africa.
Vasco da GamaVasco da GamaHe sailed all the way around Africa to He sailed all the way around Africa to
India, thus opening an all-water route to India, thus opening an all-water route to the East.the East.
Martin LutherMartin LutherHe protested false doctrines of the church by He protested false doctrines of the church by nailing his Ninety-five Theses to the church nailing his Ninety-five Theses to the church
door in Wittenberg, Germany.door in Wittenberg, Germany.
The Protestant The Protestant ReformationReformation
The Protestant Reformation ensured that the The Protestant Reformation ensured that the people who colonized North America would be people who colonized North America would be
heavily influenced by the Word of God.heavily influenced by the Word of God.
Pages 8-12Pages 8-12
Tower of BabelTower of Babel
God scattered the people of the world from the Tower of Babel by confounding their language.
WigwamsWigwams
LonghousesLonghousesA typical longhouse was about A typical longhouse was about
80x18x18ft and would house up to 80x18x18ft and would house up to twenty or more families, most of whom twenty or more families, most of whom
were related.were related.
A man’s standing in the American A man’s standing in the American Indian tribe was based on his Indian tribe was based on his courage and success in war.courage and success in war.
Medicine ManMedicine ManThe Indians’ religious leaders were The Indians’ religious leaders were
called medicine mancalled medicine man
Ferdinand and IsabellaFerdinand and IsabellaThe King and Queen that sponsored The King and Queen that sponsored
Columbus’ expeditionColumbus’ expedition
Nina, Pinta, & the Nina, Pinta, & the Santa MariaSanta Maria
Columbus’s fleet of shipsColumbus’s fleet of ships
San SalvadorSan SalvadorOn Ocotber 12, 1492, Columbus made On Ocotber 12, 1492, Columbus made
his first landing in the New World on an his first landing in the New World on an island he named San Salvadorisland he named San Salvador
West IndiesWest IndiesToday, the 2000 mile chain of islands between Today, the 2000 mile chain of islands between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean is the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean is
called the West Indies.called the West Indies.
The Native people who met Columbus were a friendly tribe, the Arawaks. They warned Columbus of the fierce Caribs, a tribe of cannibals who also inhabited the region.
Amerigo VespucciAmerigo VespucciAn Italian sailor. He is the man credited with An Italian sailor. He is the man credited with being the first to realize that what Columbus being the first to realize that what Columbus
had discovered was a new continenthad discovered was a new continent
Pages 12-15Pages 12-15
ConquistadorsConquistadorsmilitary invaders from Spainmilitary invaders from Spain
Ponce de LeonPonce de LeonConqueror and governor of Puerto Rico. He Conqueror and governor of Puerto Rico. He
searched for the fabled “fountain of youth.” searched for the fabled “fountain of youth.” He did not find it, but he did make the 1He did not find it, but he did make the 1stst Spanish landing on the mainland of North Spanish landing on the mainland of North
America.America.
Vasco de BalboaVasco de BalboaHe discovered the Pacific Ocean.He discovered the Pacific Ocean.
Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand MagellanHe began a three-year voyage around the He began a three-year voyage around the
world. Although he was killed, his expedition world. Although he was killed, his expedition proved once and for all that the world is round.proved once and for all that the world is round.
Hernando CortesHernando CortesConquered the Aztec Indians in Mexico. Conquered the Aztec Indians in Mexico. Cortes was helped in his conquest of the Cortes was helped in his conquest of the
Aztecs by other tribes of Indians who Aztecs by other tribes of Indians who wished to be freed from the oppression wished to be freed from the oppression
of the Aztecs.of the Aztecs.
MontezumaMontezumaPowerful Chieftain of the AztecsPowerful Chieftain of the Aztecs
Aztec IndiansAztec IndiansThe Aztec Indians were a very advanced society for their The Aztec Indians were a very advanced society for their
time. They practiced a pagan religion and worshiped time. They practiced a pagan religion and worshiped the gods of nature. They centered their worship on the the gods of nature. They centered their worship on the
“sun god.” The Aztecs believed they were chosen “sun god.” The Aztecs believed they were chosen people and it was their duty to supply the “sun god” people and it was their duty to supply the “sun god”
with food---human sacrifices.with food---human sacrifices.
Francisco PizarroFrancisco PizarroConquered the Inca Indians of PeruConquered the Inca Indians of Peru
Francisco CoronadoFrancisco CoronadoLed a party of men that discovered the Led a party of men that discovered the
Grand CanyonGrand Canyon
Hernando De SotoHernando De SotoDiscovered the Mississippi RiverDiscovered the Mississippi River
St. Augustine, St. Augustine, FloridaFlorida
The first permanent European The first permanent European settlement in present-day United Statessettlement in present-day United States
El Camino RealEl Camino Real“The King’s Highway.” The Oldest road in the “The King’s Highway.” The Oldest road in the
United States. Runs between Santa Fe and United States. Runs between Santa Fe and Chihuahua, Mexico.Chihuahua, Mexico.
Rivalry at SeaRivalry at SeaSpain’s chief rival was the island nation Spain’s chief rival was the island nation
of England.of England.
““Sea Dogs”Sea Dogs”Daring Sea captains who threatened Daring Sea captains who threatened
Spanish power.Spanish power.
Pictured is Queen Elizabeth with the boldest/most popular “Sea Dog,” Sir Francis Drake.
Counter-ReformationCounter-ReformationThe Catholic church launched the Counter-The Catholic church launched the Counter-
Reformation to combat the Protestant Reformation to combat the Protestant Reformation. They wanted to bring people Reformation. They wanted to bring people
back to the Catholic religion.back to the Catholic religion.
““Invincible Armada”Invincible Armada”Fleet of ships sent by Philip II to attack and Fleet of ships sent by Philip II to attack and
destroy England. When the English navy met destroy England. When the English navy met the Spanish fleet in the English Channel, the the Spanish fleet in the English Channel, the bulky Spanish ships were no match for the bulky Spanish ships were no match for the
light English ships.light English ships.
Defeat of the Spanish Defeat of the Spanish ArmadaArmada
The English credited their victory to God, and The English credited their victory to God, and Philip II agreed, saying, “I sent my ships to Philip II agreed, saying, “I sent my ships to fight against men and not against the winds fight against men and not against the winds
and waves of God.”and waves of God.”
Pages 16-18Pages 16-18
Northwest PassageNorthwest PassageThe first French explorers came to the New The first French explorers came to the New
World in search of the Northwest Passage- a World in search of the Northwest Passage- a supposed water route through North supposed water route through North
America to the Pacific Ocean.America to the Pacific Ocean.
Jacques CartierJacques CartierLed an expedition that discovered the Led an expedition that discovered the
St. Lawrence RiverSt. Lawrence River
HuguenotsHuguenotsFrench protestants that established French protestants that established
Charlesfort on the coast of South Charlesfort on the coast of South Carolina and Fort Caroline on the coast Carolina and Fort Caroline on the coast of Florida. The Huguenots came to the of Florida. The Huguenots came to the
New World to escape religious New World to escape religious persecution.persecution.
Samuel de ChamplainSamuel de Champlain“Father of New France”“Father of New France”
In 1608, he established the first permanent In 1608, he established the first permanent French settlement in the New World: Quebec, French settlement in the New World: Quebec,
CanadaCanada
Jacques MarquetteJacques Marquette& Louis Joliet& Louis Joliet
A Jesuit missionary and a fur trader. A Jesuit missionary and a fur trader. They led an expedition which explored They led an expedition which explored
the central Mississippi Riverthe central Mississippi River
Robert Cavalier de la Robert Cavalier de la SalleSalle
Claimed the entire Mississippi Valley for Claimed the entire Mississippi Valley for France & named it “Louisiana” in honor France & named it “Louisiana” in honor
of King Louis XIV of France.of King Louis XIV of France.
““New France”New France”The French ultimately claimed The French ultimately claimed
Canada, the Great Lakes region, Canada, the Great Lakes region, and the Mississippi Valley for and the Mississippi Valley for
FranceFrance
French Relationships with French Relationships with IndiansIndians
The French developed a good relationship The French developed a good relationship with the Indians. Many lived among them with the Indians. Many lived among them and learned their language. Most of the and learned their language. Most of the
Indian tribes became allies of the French. Indian tribes became allies of the French. The major exception was the tribe The major exception was the tribe Iroquois.Iroquois.
Jean Baptiste Pointe du Jean Baptiste Pointe du SableSable
A trapper and a trader. The best known A trapper and a trader. The best known Frenchman of African descent in New Frenchman of African descent in New
France. France.
Reasons New France Reasons New France never became heavily never became heavily
populatedpopulated1.1. Most of the French colonists Most of the French colonists
were hunters and traders and were hunters and traders and never established permanent never established permanent homes. homes.
2.2. They lacked self-governmentThey lacked self-government
3.3. They lacked religious freedomThey lacked religious freedom
New OrleansNew OrleansFounded in 1718, probably the Founded in 1718, probably the
best known city of French heritage best known city of French heritage
in America.in America.