JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4 Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics _________________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS 1.1 Understanding Physics 1 Mechanical Energy PHYSICS Study of the natural phenomena and the properties of matter. Solid Liquid Gas Mechanical Energy Heat Energy Light Energy Wave Energy Electrical Energy Nuclear Energy Chemical Energy Relationship with matter Properties of Energy Relationship with energy Properties of Matter forms states Matter Energy Mechanics Properties of matter Heat Light Wave in the fields of Electricity & Electromagnetism Atomic Physics & Nuclear Electronics
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
1 Standard form = A x 10n , 1 < A < 10 and n = integer
2 Standard form is used to …………………………………………………………………...
3 Some physical quantities have extremely small magnitudes. Write the following
quantities in standard form :
a. Radius of the earth = 6 370 000 m =………………………………………………….
b. Mass of an electron = 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 911 kg =………...
c. Size of a particle = 0.000 03 m = ………………………………………………………
b. Diameter of an atom = 0.000 000 072 m = …………………………………………...
c. Wavelength of light = 0.000 000 55 m = ……………………………………………..
Prefixes
1. Prefixes are usually used to ………………………………………………………………...
2. It will be written ……………………………………………………………………………
3. The list of prefixes :
4. Some physical quantities have extremely large magnitudes. These extremely large and small values can be written in standard form or using standard prefixes. Write the quantities in standard prefixes:a. Frequency of radio wave = 91 000 000 Hz = ………………………………………….
b. Diameter of the earth = 12 800 000 m = ………………………………………………
c. Distance between the moon and the earth = 383 000 000 m = ………………………
d. Mass of the earth = 6 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 kg = ………………………
Tera (T)
Giga (G)
Mega (M)
kilo (k)
mili (m)
micro (µ)
nano (n)
pico (p)
1012
109
106
103
100
10-3
10-6
10-9
10-12
Hekto (ha)Deka (da)
desi (d)centi (s)
102
101
10-1
10-2
Eg :
1 Tm = …………………………………….
3.6 mA = …………………………………….
How to change the unit ;1. Mega to nano
2. Tera to micro
3. piko to Mega
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
One complete turn of the thimble(50 division) moves the spindle by 0.50 mm.Division of thimble = ………………….. = …………………..A accuracy of micrometer screw gauge = ……………..
Sleeve scale : ……………
Thimble scale : ………….
Total reading : …………..
Sleeve scale : ……………
Thimble scale : ………….
Total reading : …………...
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
Situation : A few children are playing on a different length of swing in a playground. It is found that the time of oscillation for each swing is different.
Steps Example : refer to the situation above
1 Inference
2 Hypothesis
3 Aim
4 Variables
5 List of apparatus and materials
6 Arrangement of
the apparatus
7 Procedures
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
4. Which of the following quantities cannot be derived? A Electric current B Power
C Momentum D Force
5. Which of the following quantities is not derived from the basic physical quantity of length?
A Electric charge B Density C Velocity D Volume
6. Initial velocity u, final velocity v, time t and another physical quantity k is related by the equation v - u = kt. The unit for k is
A m s-1 B m-1 s C m s-2 D m2 s-2
7. Which of the following has the
smallest magnitude? A megametre B centimetre
C kilometre D mikrometre
8. 4 328 000 000 mm in standard form is A 4.328 x 10-9 m B 4.328 x 10-6 m
C 4.328 x 106 m D 4.328 x 109 m
9. Which of the following measurements is the longest?
A 1.2 x 10-5 cm B 120 x 10-4 dmC 0.12 mm D 1.2 x 10-11 km
10. The diameter of a particle is 250 µm. What is its diameter in cm?
A 2.5 x 10-2 B 2.5 x 10-4 C 2.5 x 10-6 D 2.5 x 10-8
11. Which of the following prefixes is arranged in ascending order?
A mili, senti, mikro, desiB mikro, mili, senti, desi
C mili, mikro, desi, sentiD desi, mikro, mili, senti
12. Velocity, density, force and energy are A basic quantities
B scalar quantitiesC derived quantitiesD vector quantities
13. Which of the following shows the correct conversion of units?
A 24 mm3 =2.4 x 10-6 m3
B 300 mm3=3.0 x 10-7 m3
C 800 mm3=8.0 x 10-2 m3
D 1 000 mm3=1.0 x 10-4 m3
14. Which of the following measurements is the shortest ?
A 3.45 x 103 mB 3.45 x 104 cmC 3.45 x 107 mmD 3.45 x 1012 µm
15. The Hitz FM channel broadcasts radio waves at a frequency of 92.8 MHz in the north region. What is the frequency of the radio wave in Hz?A 9.28 x 104 B 9.28 x 105 C 9.28 x 107 D 9.28 x 1010
16. An object moves along a straight line for time, t. The length of the line, s is
given by the equation 2
2
1gts = . The
SI unit of g is A m2 s2 B m s-2
C s-1 D s-2 mPart B : Structure Question
1. A car moves with an average speed of 75 km h-1 from town P to town Q in 2 hours as shown in Figure 1. By using this information, you may calculate the distance between the two towns.
P Q
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
(a) (i) Name component X. ………………………………………………………………...
(ii) What is the function of X? ………………………………………………………….
(b) Table 2 shows three current readings obtained by three students.
Table 2
(i) Did all the students use the ammeter in Figure2? ..………………………………….(ii) Explain your answer in (b)(i).
………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Figure 3 shows the meniscus of water in a measuring cylinder K, L, and M are three eye positions while measuring the volume of the water.
(a) (i) Which of the eye positions is correct while
taking the reading of the volume of water?
…….……………………………………
Figure 3
(b) The water in the measuring cylinder is replaced with 30 cm3 of mercury.(i) In Figure 4, draw the meniscus of the mercury in the measuring cylinder. Figure 4(ii) Explain why the shape of the meniscus of mercury is as drawn in (b)(i).
………………………………………………………………………………………
SPM - Format Paper 2A
1.
Figure 1(b) / Rajah 1bFigure 1(a) /Rajah 1a
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
_________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show two instruments used by the students in the laboratory. Rajah 1(a) dan 1(b) menunjukkan alat -alat yang digunakan di dalam makmal oleh pelajar-pelajar.
a) (i) Name the instrument in figure 1(a). Namakan alat dalam rajah (1a).
………………………………………………………………..……………..(1 mark )
(ii) For the instrument in figure 1(b),what is the function of ratchet ? Bagi alat dalam rajah 1(b), apakah fungsi ratchet?
……………………………………………………………………………....( 1 mark )
(b) Between the instruments in figures 1(a) and 1(b) , Antara alat dalam rajah 1(a) dan 1(b) ,
i) Which instrument is more sensitive? Alat manakah yang lebih peka?
…………………………………………………………………………….(1 mark )
ii) State one reason for your answer in 1 (b ) (i) Nyatakan satu sebab untuk jawapan dalam 1 (b) (i)
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…............... ( 1 mark )
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
Diagram 1.1 shows the distance-time graph for the motion of a runner who is running along a straight line.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan graf jarak-masa bagi gerakan seorang pelari yang berlari dalam satu garis lurus.
DIAGRAM 1.1 / RAJAH 1.1
(a) Based on Diagram 1.1, what is the distance travelled by the runner after 10 s?
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1, berapakah jarak yang dilalui oleh pelari itu selepas 10 s?
…...………..……………………………………………..……………………………..[1 mark]
(b) What physical quantity is given by the gradient of the graph in Diagram 1.1?
Apakah kuantiti fizik yang diberikan oleh kecerunan graf pada Rajah 1.1?
…...………..……………………………………………..……………………………..[1 mark]
(c) Describe the motion of the runner,
Huraikan gerakan pelari itu,
(i) from A to B / dari A ke B,
……...……………………………………..……………………………………..[1 mark]
(ii) from B to C / dari B ke C.
……...……………………………………..……………………………………..[1 mark]
8. A radioactive source emits two rays P and Q is placed in front of an electric field and the
radioactive path is shown in Diagram 1. Suatu sumber bahan radioaktif memancarkan sinar P dan Q diletakkan di dalam suatu medan elektrik dan lintasan radioaktif ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 1.
5
20
10
25
15
s / m
5 10t / s
A
B C
DIAGRAM XX
5
20
10
25
15
s / m
5 10t / s
A
B C
DIAGRAM XX
s / m
t / s0
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
(a) Name the material of container X. Namakan bahan bagi bekas X.
……...……………………………………..……………………………………..[1 mark]
(b)(i) Complete this sentence by underlining one correct phrase in the box. Lengkapkan pernyataan berikut dengan menggariskan satu frasa dalam kotak berikut.
……...……………………………………..……………………………………..[1 mark]
(ii) Give the reason for your answer in (a) (i). Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda di (a)(i)
……...……………………………………..……………………………………..[1 mark]
(c) Why the size of deflection of ray P is greater than ray Q? Mengapakah saiz pesongan sinar P lebih besar daripada sinar Q?
..……………………………………..……………………………………..
[1 mark]
9.Figure 1 shows a vernier calipers used to measure the external diameter of a hollow PVC pipe.
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics
Diagram 1.1 shows light passing through a convex lens.Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan cahaya melalui satu kanta cembung.
Diagram 1.1/ Rajah 1.1
(a) Label the principal focus on Diagram 1.1.Labelkan fokus utama pada Rajah 1.1.
[1 mark]
(b) Measure the focal length from the Diagram 1.1.Ukurkan panjang fokus dari Rajah 1.1.
f = ……………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(c) State a characteristic of the image formed in Diagram 1.1.Nyatakan satu ciri imej yang dihasilkan dalam Rajah 1.1.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(d) State a optical instrument in which the convex lens is used to form a real image.Nyatakan satu alat optik yang mana kanta cembung digunakan untuk menghasilkan satu imej nyata.
………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
Convex Lens / Kanta Cembung
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JPN Pahang Physics Module Form 4Students Copy Chapter 1 : Introduction To Physics