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Chapter one REFERENCES ABRAMOVITZ, J.N. 1995. Freshwater failures: the crises on five continents. World Watch 8: 27-35. ACREMAN, M. & ADAMS, B. 1998. Low flows, groundwater and wetland interactions. Report to Environment Agency, UKWIR. Institute of Hydrology and British Geological Survey. ACREMAN, M.C., FARQUHARSON, F.A.K., MCCARTNEY, M.P., SULLIVAN, C., CAMPBELL, K., HODGSON, N., MORTON, J., SMITH, D., BIRLEY, M., KNOTT, D., LAZENBY, J., WINGFIELD, R. & BARBIER, E.B. 2000. Managed flood releases from reservoirs: issues and guidance. Report to DFID and the World Commission on Dams. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK. 86 pp. AFRIDEV/KNIGHT PIESOLD JOINT VENTURE & JTK ASSOCIATES. 1999. MDC-6 Environmental impact assessment and instream flow requirement. Working Draft - CMP Supporting Report E. Prepared for the Komati Basin Water Authority for submission to the Swaziland Environment Authority. AGRICULTURE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND & AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION COUNCIL (ARMCANZ & ANZECC). 1996. National principles for the provision of water for ecosystems. Occasional Paper SWR No. 3. ARMCANZ & ANZECC, Canberra, Australia. AIKEN, J.D. 1990. First Nebraska instream appropriation granted. Rivers 1(2): 150-154. (Abstract). ALEXANDER, W.J.R. 1985. Hydrology of low latitude Southern Hemisphere land masses. Hydrobiologia 125: 75-83. ALFREDSEN, K. 1998. Habitat modelling in Norway – an overview of projects and future developments. Pp. 33-35. In: Blažková, Š., Stalnaker, C. & Novický, O. (eds). 1998. Hydroecological modelling. Research, practice, legislation and decision-making. Report by US Geological Survey, Biological Research Division and Water Research Institute, Fort Collins, and Water Research Institute, Praha, Czech Republic. VUV, Praha. 70 pp. ALFREDSEN, K. & KILLINGTVEIT, A. 1996. The habitat modelling framework - a tool for creating habitat analysis programs. Pp 215-225. In: Leclerc, M., Capra, H., Valentin, S., Boudreault, A. & Côté, Y. (eds). Ecohydraulics 2000. Proceedings of the 2 nd International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics. Volume B. Québec, June 1996. INRS-Eau, Québec City, Canada. 1
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Page 1: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION - Ramsar · Web viewA literature evaluation of Montana’s wetted perimeter inflection point method for deriving instream flow recommendations. Helena, Montana

Chapter one

REFERENCES

ABRAMOVITZ, J.N. 1995. Freshwater failures: the crises on five continents. World Watch 8: 27-35.

ACREMAN, M. & ADAMS, B. 1998. Low flows, groundwater and wetland interactions. Report to Environment Agency, UKWIR. Institute of Hydrology and British Geological Survey.

ACREMAN, M.C., FARQUHARSON, F.A.K., MCCARTNEY, M.P., SULLIVAN, C., CAMPBELL, K., HODGSON, N., MORTON, J., SMITH, D., BIRLEY, M., KNOTT, D., LAZENBY, J., WINGFIELD, R. & BARBIER, E.B. 2000. Managed flood releases from reservoirs: issues and guidance. Report to DFID and the World Commission on Dams. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK. 86 pp.

AFRIDEV/KNIGHT PIESOLD JOINT VENTURE & JTK ASSOCIATES. 1999. MDC-6 Environmental impact assessment and instream flow requirement. Working Draft - CMP Supporting Report E. Prepared for the Komati Basin Water Authority for submission to the Swaziland Environment Authority.

AGRICULTURE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND & AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION COUNCIL (ARMCANZ & ANZECC). 1996. National principles for the provision of water for ecosystems. Occasional Paper SWR No. 3. ARMCANZ & ANZECC, Canberra, Australia.

AIKEN, J.D. 1990. First Nebraska instream appropriation granted. Rivers 1(2): 150-154. (Abstract).

ALEXANDER, W.J.R. 1985. Hydrology of low latitude Southern Hemisphere land masses. Hydrobiologia 125: 75-83.

ALFREDSEN, K. 1998. Habitat modelling in Norway – an overview of projects and future developments. Pp. 33-35. In: Blažková, Š., Stalnaker, C. & Novický, O. (eds). 1998. Hydroecological modelling. Research, practice, legislation and decision-making. Report by US Geological Survey, Biological Research Division and Water Research Institute, Fort Collins, and Water Research Institute, Praha, Czech Republic. VUV, Praha. 70 pp.

ALFREDSEN, K. & KILLINGTVEIT, A. 1996. The habitat modelling framework - a tool for creating habitat analysis programs. Pp 215-225. In: Leclerc, M., Capra, H., Valentin, S., Boudreault, A. & Côté, Y. (eds). Ecohydraulics 2000. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics. Volume B. Québec, June 1996. INRS-Eau, Québec City, Canada.

ALFREDSEN, K., HARBY, A., BAKKEN, T.H. & MARCHAND, W. 1997. Application and comparison of computer models for quantifying impacts of river regulations on fish habitat. In: Broch, E., Lysne, D.K., Flatabo, N. & Helland-Hansen, E. (eds). Proceedings from Hydropower 97. Trondheim. June 29-July 1, 1997. Balkema. ISBN 90 5410 888 6.

ALLAN, J.D. 1995. Stream ecology: structure and function of running waters. Chapman & Hall, New York.

ALLEY, W.M., REILLY, T.E. & FRANKE, O.L. 1999. Sustainability of ground-water resources. U.S. Geological Survey Circular No. 1186. U.S. Government Printing Office, Denver, Colorado. 86 pp.

ALVES, M.H. 1994/1995. Uma proposta de caudal ecológico para a barragem de Alqueva. 3° Congresso da Água/VII SILUBESA. III: 501-512. (As cited in Alves et al. 1996).

ALVES, M.H. & HENRIQUES, A.G. 1994. Instream flow determination for mitigating environmental impact on fluvial systems downstream dam and reservoirs. Pp. 351-358. In: Tsakiris, G. & Santos, M.A. (eds). Advances in water resources and management. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.

ALVES, M.H., BERNARDO, J.M. & HENRIQUES, A.G. 1996. An approach for instream flow determination in Mediterranean rivers. In: Leclerc, M., Capra, H., Valentin, S., Boudreault, A. &

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Côté, Y. (eds). Ecohydraulics 2000. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics. Québec, June 1996. INRS-Eau, Québec City, Canada. (Oral presentation).

AMENDMENTS TO WATER ACT. 1984. Special effluent standards. Section 15 of Act No. 96 of 1984. Government Gazette.

ANDERSON, R.M. 1984. Federal aid study F-51. Job 1: fish flow investigations. Colorado Division of Wildlife. Fish Research Section, Fort Collins, Colorado.

ANDERSON, R.T. 1991. Alaska legislature considers innovative instream flow law. Rivers 2(3): 255-261. (Abstract).

ANDREWS, E.D. 1980. Effective and bankfull discharge of streams in the Yampa Basin, Colorado and Wyoming. Journal of Hydrology 46: 311-330.

ANDREWS, W.H., MASTELLER, M.B., MASSEY, D.E., BURDGE, R.J. & MADSEN, G.E. 1976. Measuring the impact of changing streamflow on recreation activity. In: Stalnaker, C.B. & Arnette, S.C. (eds). Methodologies for the determination of stream resource flow requirements: an assessment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, Office of Biological Services Western Water Association. 199 pp.

ANNEAR, T.C. 1999. The Instream Flow Council: history and promise. Rivers 6(4): 231-233. (Abstract).

ANNEAR, T.C. & CONDER, A.L. 1984. Relative bias of several fisheries instream flow methods. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 4: 531-539.

APPEL, C.A. & REILLY, T.E. 2000. New computer codes released since publication of U.S. Geological Survey Circular No. 1104: summary of selected computer programs produced by the U.S. Geological Survey for simulation of ground-water flow and quality - 1994. USGS, U.S. Government Printing Office, Denver, Colorado. 3 pp.

ARMITAGE, P.D. 1989. The application of a classification and prediction technique based on macroinvertebrates to assess the effects of river regulation. p 267-???. In: Gore, J.A. & Petts, G.E. (eds). Alternatives in regulated river management. CRC Press, Inc., Florida. pp???.

ARMITAGE, P.D., CANNAN, C.A. & SYMES, K.L. 1997. Appraisal of the use of ecological information in the management of low flows in rivers. Environment Agency R&D Technical Report W72.

ARMOUR, C.L. & TAYLOR, J.G. 1991. Evaluation of the instream flow incremental methodology by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service field users. Fisheries 16(5): 36-43.

ARMOUR, C.L., BURNHAM, K.P. & PLATTS, W.S. 1983. Field methods and statistical analyses for monitoring small salmonid streams. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-83/33. 200 pp.

ARNEKLEIV, J.V. & HARBY, A. 1994. Biotope improvement analysis in the River Dalaa with the River System Simulator. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics. Trondheim, August 18-20, 1994.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. 1993. Water: an endangered national resource: summary. Australian Biologist 6(1): 90-91.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. 1994. An holistic approach to water allocation to maintain the environmental values of Australian streams and rivers: a case history. In: Dudgeon, D. & Lam, P. (eds). Inland waters of Asia and Australia: conservation and management. Mitteilungen (Communications), Societas Internationalis Limnologiae (SIL) 24: 165-178.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. 1998a. Comparative evaluation of environmental flow assessment techniques: review of holistic methodologies. Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation Occasional Paper No. 26/98. Canberra, Australia.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. 1998b. Brisbane River trial of a Flow Restoration Methodology (FLOWRESM). Pp. 35-50. In: Arthington, A.R & Zalucki, J.M. (eds). Water for the environment: recent approaches to assessing and providing environmental flows. Proceedings of AWWA forum. AWWA, Brisbane.

ARTHINGTON, A.H., KING, J.M., O’KEEFFE, J.H., BUNN, S.E., DAY, J.A., PUSEY, B.J., BLUHDORN, D.R. & THARME, R.E. 1992. Development of an holistic approach for assessing environmental flow requirements of riverine ecosystems. Pp. 69-76. In: Pigram, J.J. & Hooper, B.P.

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(eds). Proceedings of an international seminar and workshop: water allocation for the environment. The Centre for Water Policy Research, University of New England, Armidale, Australia. 282 pp.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. & PUSEY, B.J. 1993. In-stream flow management in Australia: methods, deficiencies and future directions. Australian Biology 6: 52-60.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. & PUSEY, B.J. 1994change to a. Essential flow requirements of river fish communities. Environmental flows seminar. Centre for Catchment and In-stream Research. Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. & PUSEY, B.J. 1994 change to b. River health assessment and classification based on the relationship of flow regime, habitat and fish assemblage structure. Pp 191-204. In: Uys, M.C. (ed.). Classification of rivers, and environmental health indicators. Water Research Commission Report No. TT 63/94. Pretoria, South Africa.

ARTHINGTON, A.H., PUSEY, B.J., BLÜHDORN, BUNN, S.E. & KING, J.M. 1995. Holistic Approach for assessing the environmental flow requirements of riverine ecosystems: origins, theory, applications and new developments. Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation and MDBC workshop on in-stream flow methodologies, Cooma. Draft Unpublished Report. Canberra. 23 pp.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. & LONG, G.C. (eds). 1997. Logan River trial of the Building Block Methodology for assessing environmental flow requirements: background papers. Centre for Catchment and In-Stream Research, Griffith University and Queensland Department of Natural Resource. Brisbane, Australia. 332 pp.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. & LLOYD, R. (eds). 1998. Logan River trial of the Building Block Methodology for assessing environmental flow requirements: workshop report. Centre for Catchment and In-Stream Research, Griffith University and Queensland Department of Natural Resource. Brisbane, Australia. 85 pp.

ARTHINGTON, A.H. & ZALUCKI, J.M. (eds). 1998a. ???change in text from 1998 to 1998a. Comparative evaluation of environmental flow assessment techniques: review of methods. Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation Occasional Paper No. 27/98. Canberra, Australia. 141 pp.

CHECK HAVE/REPLACE WITH ARTHINGTON ET AL. 2000 - NO - KEEP INCLUDEDARTHINGTON, A.H. & ZALUCKI, J.M. (eds). 1998b. Environmental flow requirements of the Brisbane River downstream from Wivenhoe Dam. Report to the South East Queensland Water Board. Centre for Catchment and In-Stream Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. 760 pp.

CHECK HAVE???ARTHINGTON, A.H. & ZALUCKI, J.M. (eds). 1998c. Water for the environment: recent approaches to assessing and providing environmental flows. Proceedings of AWWA Forum. Canberra, Australia. AWWA, Brisbane, Australia. 144 pp.

ARTHINGTON, A.H., BRIZGA, S.O. & KENNARD, M.J. 1998a. Comparative evaluation of environmental flow assessment techniques: best practice framework. Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation Occasional Paper No. 25/98. Canberra, Australia. 26 pp.

ARTHINGTON, A.H., PUSEY, B.J., BRIZGA, S.O. MCCOSKER, R.O., BUNN, S.E. & GROWNS, I.O. 1998b. Comparative evaluation of environmental flow assessment techniques: R & D requirements. Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation Occasional Paper No. 24/98. Canberra, Australia. 26 pp.

ARTHINGTON, A.H., BRIZGA, S.O., CHOY, S.C., KENNARD, M.J., MACKAY, S.J., MCCOSKER, R.O., RUFFINI, J.L. & ZALUCKI, J.M. 2000. Environmental flow requirements of the Brisbane River downstream from Wivenhoe Dam. South East Queensland Water Corporation, Brisbane and Centre for Catchment and In-Stream Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. 539 pp.

BAGNATI, T., PARINI, S. & SACCARDO, I. 1994. A model for the assessment of minimum instream flow in Italian scenarios. In: White, W.R. & Kirby, C. (eds). Integrated river basins development. Proceedings of a conference held at HR Wallingford. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.

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BAIN, M.B. & BOLTZ, J.M. 1989. Regulated streamflow and warmwater stream fish: a general hypothesis and research agenda. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 89(18). 28 pp.

BAIN, M.B., FINN, J.T., GERARDI, L.J., Jr., ROSS, M.R. & SAUNDERS, W.P., Jr. 1982. An evaluation of methodologies for assessing the effects of flow fluctuations on stream fish. Final Technical Report FWS/OBS-82/63. Biological Services. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Massachusetts. 199 pp.

BALDRIGE, J.E. & AMOS, D. 1981. A technique for determining fish habitat suitability criteria: a comparison between habitat utilization and availability. Symposium on acquisition and utilization of aquatic habitat inventory information. American Fisheries Society, Portland, Oregon. October 28-30, 1981.

BARON, J., SEWARD, P. & SEYMOUR, A. 1998. The groundwater harvest potential map of the Republic of South Africa. Technical Report Gh 3917. Directorate of Geohydrology, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria.

BARTHOLOW, J.M. & WADDLE, T.J. 1986. Introduction to stream network habitat analysis. Instream Flow Information Paper 22. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 86(8). 242 pp.

BARTHOLOW, J.M., ??? 1989. Instream flow info. paper on temperature???.

BARTHOLOW, J.M., LAAKE, J.L., STALNAKER, C.B. & WILLIAMSON, S.C. 1993. A salmonid population model with emphasis on habitat limitations. Rivers 4(4): 265-279. (Abstract).

BARTSCHI, D.K. 1976. A habitat-discharge method of determining instream flows for aquatic habitat. p 285-294. In: Orsborn, J.F. & Allman, C.H. (eds). Symposium on instream flow needs. American Fisheries Society, Bethseda, Maryland.

BEECHER, H.A. 1987. Simulating trout feeding stations in instream flow models. In: Craig, J.F. & Kemper, J.B. (eds). Regulated streams: advances in ecology. Plenum Press, New York and London.

BEECHER, H.A. 1990. Standards for instream flows. Rivers 1(2): 97-109. (Abstract).

BELAUD, A., CHAVEROCHE, P., LIM, P. & SABATON, C. 1989. Probability-of-use curves applied to brown trout (Salmo trutta fario L.) in rivers of southern France. Regulated Rivers: Research & Management 3: 321-336.

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BERNARDOVÁ, I. 1998. Methods for determination of minimum flows in the CR watercourses. pp 31-32. In: Blažková, Š., Stalnaker, C. & Novický, O. (Eds). Hydroecological modelling. Research, practice, legislation and decision-making. Report by US Geological Survey, Biological Research Division and Water Research Institute, Fort Collins, and Water Research Institute, Praha, Czech Republic. VUV, Praha. 70 pp.

BERNARDOVÁ, I. & MRÁZEK, K. 1996. Principles of minimum flows in Czech rivers. Proceedings of the IV International Symposium RIVER BOTTOM. August 27-30, 1996, Brno. SPB Academic Publishing BV, Netherlands.

BIETZ, B.F. & KIELL, D.J. 1982. The applicability of instream flow incremental methodology for impact assessment in Newfoundland. p ???. Third International Conference on State-of-the-Art in Ecological Modelling. Colorado State University, May 24-28, 1982.

BINNS, N.A. 1982. Habitat quality index procedures manual. Wyoming Game and Fish Department. 209 pp.

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BINNS, N.A. & EISERMAN, F.M. 1979. Quantification of fluvial trout habitat in Wyoming. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 108: 215-228.

BIRD, D. 1996. Problems with the use of IFIM for salmonids and guidelines for future UK studies . In: Leclerc, M., Capra, H., Valentin, S., Boudreault, A. & Côté, Y. (eds). Ecohydraulics 2000. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics. Québec, June 1996. INRS-Eau, Québec.

BIRKHEAD, A.L. 1998. Mkomazi River instream flow hydraulics. In: Site visit document for the 1998 workshop to identify the instream flow requirements of the Mkomazi River. Scottburgh, Kwa-Zulu Natal, 24-27 March 1998. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria.

BIRKHEAD, A.L., VAN COLLER, A.L., JAMES, C.S. & HERITAGE, G.L. 1996. Modelling water availability to riparian vegetation in an impacted river system. In: Leclerc, M., Capra, H., Valentin, S., Boudreault, A. & Côté, Y. (eds). Ecohydraulics 2000. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics. Québec, June 1996. Volume B. INRS-Eau, Québec.

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BISHOP, A.B., HARDY, T. & GLADBOU, B.D. 1990. Analyzing instream flow trade-offs for small hydropower development. Rivers 1(3): 173-182. (Abstract).

BISHOP, K.A. 1996. Review of the 'Expert Panel' (EPAM) process as a mechanism for determining environmental flow releases for freshwater fish. In: Pigram, J.J. (ed.). Review of the 'Expert Panel' process as a mechanism for determining environmental releases. Report for the Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Authority. Centre for Water Policy Research, University of New England, Armidale, Australia. 32 pp.

BLAŽKOVÁ, Š. 1998. Habitat time series - case studies in the Czech Republic. Pp. 35-39. In: Blažková, Š., Stalnaker, C. & Novický, O. (Eds). Hydroecological modelling. Research, practice, legislation and decision-making. Report by US Geological Survey, Biological Research Division and Water Research Institute, Fort Collins, and Water Research Institute, Praha, Czech Republic. VUV, Praha. 70 pp.

BLAŽKOVÁ, Š., STALNAKER, C. & NOVICKÝ, O. (Eds). 1998. Hydroecological modelling. Research, practice, legislation and decision-making. Report by US Geological Survey, Biological Research Division and Water Research Institute, Fort Collins, and Water Research Institute, Praha, Czech Republic. VUV, Praha. 70 pp.

BLÜHDORN, D.R. & ARTHINGTON, A.H. 1994. The sustainable harvest concept - an innovative basis for the provision of environmental flows. Pp 22-28. In: Proceedings of Environmental Flows Seminar, Australian Water and Wastewater Association Inc. Artarmon, N.S.W., Australia.

BLÜHDORN, D.R. & ARTHINGTON, A.H. 1995. The use of stream salinity models in the integrated management of Australian rivers. Pp. 115-123. In: Harper, D. & Ferguson, A. (eds). The ecological basis for river management. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., London.

BOON, P.J., DAVIES, B.R. & PETTS, G.E. (eds). 2000. Global perspectives on river conservation: science, policy and practice. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. 517 pp.

BOSCH, D. & BROOMHALL, D. 1990. Estimating the economic costs to irrigators of alternative minimum instream flow standards. Rivers 1(1): 51-61. (Abstract).

BOUCHER, C. 1998. Chapter 9. Flora and vegetation. Pp. 101-135. In: Brown, C. & Day, E. (eds). Palmiet River: instream flow requirements for the riverine ecosystem. Vol. 1. Final report to Department of Water Affairs and Forestry No. G400/00/198. Southern Waters Ecological Research and Consulting, Cape Town.

BOUCHER, C. & TLALE, S. 1999. Riparian and instream vegetation study. Pp. 1-137. In: Task 2 report series. Vol. 1. Lesotho Highlands Water Project Report No. 648-14. Metsi Consultants, Lesotho.

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BOVEE, K.D. 1982. A guide to stream habitat analysis using the instream flow incremental methodology. Instream Flow Information Paper 12. U.S.D.I. Fish Wildl.Serv., Office of Biol.Serv. FWS/OBS-82/26: 248 pp.

BOVEE, K.D. 1985. Evaluation of the effects of hydropeaking on aquatic macroinvertebrates using PHABSIM. Pp 236-242. In: Olson, F.W., White, R.G. & Hamre, R.H. (eds). Proceedings of the symposium on small hydropower and fisheries. American Fisheries Society, Denver, CO.

BOVEE, K.D. 1986. Development and evaluation of habitat suitability criteria for use in the instream flow incremental methodology. Instream Flow Information Paper 21. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 86(7). 235 pp.

BOVEE, K.D. & COCHNAUER, T. 1977. Development and evaluation of weighted criteria, probability-of-use curves for instream flow assessments: fisheries. Instream Flow Information Paper 3. U.S.D.I. Fish Wildl. Serv., Office of Biol. Serv. FWS/OBS-77/63: 39 pp.

BOVEE, K.D. & MILHOUS, R. 1978. Hydraulic simulation in instream flow studies: theory and techniques. Instream Flow Information Paper 5. FWS/OBS-78/33. Cooperative Instream Flow Service Group. Fort Collins, Colorado.

BOVEE, K.D. & ZUBOY, J.R. (eds). 1988. Proceedings on a workshop on the development and evaluation of habitat suitability criteria. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 88(11). 407 pp.

BOVEE, K.D., GORE, J.A. & SILVERMAN, A. 1978. Field testing and adaptation of a methodology to measure "in-stream" values in the Tongue river, Northern Great Plains (NGP) region. Report No. EPA-908/4-78-004A. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Rock Mountain-Prairie Region. Office of Energy Activities. Contract No. 68-01-2653.

BOWLBY, J.N. & IMHOFF, J.G. 1989. Alternative approaches in predicting trout populations from habitat in streams. In: Gore, J.A. & Petts, G.E. (eds). Alternatives in regulated river management. CRC Press, Inc., Florida.

BOWLBY, J.N. & ROFF, J.C. 1986. Trout biomass and habitat relationships in southern Ontario streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 115(4): 503-514.

BRAUNE, E. 1997. The resource base in the case of groundwater. Unpublished paper. 7 pp.

BRAUNE, E., XU, Y., VAN DER VOORT, I., CONRAD, J.E., COLVIN, C., LE MAITRE, D., CHAING, W.H., WRIGHT, K. & PIETERSEN, K. 1999. Groundwater Reserve determination. K5/1091. Doc. 3/99. Water Research Commission Unpublished Progress Report. Water Research Commission, Pretoria.

BREDENKAMP, D.B., BOTHA, L.J., VAN TONDER, G.J. & VAN RENSBURG, H.J. 1995. Manual on quantitative estimation of groundwater recharge and aquifer storativity. Water Research Commission Technology Transfer Report No. TT 73/95. Water Research Commission, Pretoria.

BRIZGA, S.O. 1998. Methods addressing flow requirements for geomorphological purposes. Pp 8-46. In: Arthington, A.H. & Zalucki, J.M. (eds). Comparative evaluation of environmental flow assessment techniques: review of methods. Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation Occasional Paper No. 27/98. Canberra, Australia. 141 pp.

BROWN, C., SPARKS, A. & HOWARD, G. 2000. In draft. Palmiet River instream flow assessment. Instream flow requirements of the riverine ecosystem. Proceedings of the IFR workshop and determination of associated dam yields. Unpublished Southern Waters Ecological Research and Consulting Draft Report to Department of Water Affairs and Forestry G400-00-0499. 168 pp.

BROWN, C.A. 1996. Skuifraam feasibility study: Berg River IFR refinement workshop proceedings. Southern Waters final report. Commissioned by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 106 pp.

BROWN, C.A. & KING, J.M. 1997. Bulk water estimate of the instream flow requirements for the Elands River and Gladdespruit. Final Report for SRK Consulting Engineers. Southern Waters, University of Cape Town. 61 pp.

BROWN, C.A. & KING, J.M. 1999. Make 1999a in text. Task 2 Report series: Introduction and description of the workshop process. Consulting services for the establishment and monitoring of

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the instream flow requirements for river courses downstream of LHWP dams. Metsi Consultants Report for Lesotho Highlands Development Authority, Lesotho.

Chk ref???BROWN, C.A. & KING, J.M. 1999b. Environmental flows: requirements and assessment. Chapter 3: 1-34. In: World Bank/SADEC Final Draft Report. Southern Waters, Cape Town.

BROWN, C.A. & KING, J.M. 2000. Volume II: IFR methodology. In: LHDA 648-F-03. Consulting services of the establishment and monitoring of the instream flow requirements for river courses downstream of LHWP Dams. Unpublished Metsi Consultants Report to Lesotho Highlands Development Authority. Metsi Consultants, Lesotho. 180 pp.

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ADDITIONAL READING (SELECTED CITED REFERENCES)

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