Chapter 1-3 PID Symbols

Engineering Engineering DrawingDrawing

Engineering DrawingEngineering Drawing• Offers the easiest way to convey

information

4 main types of flow diagrams:

1. Block Diagram2. Process Flow Diagram3. Piping & Instrumentation Diagram4. Utility Flow Diagram

Flow DiagramsFlow Diagrams• Block diagram

– Simplest and easiest to read– Provides overview of process

Block DiagramBlock Diagram

CDU Crude DistillationUnit

VDUVacuumDistillationUnit

HCU Hydro CrackingUnit

TGUThermalGasoilUnit

HydroDeSulfurization (HDS)

HydroTreatment (HDT)

SRU/SPU

Sulphur Recovery (Processing) Unit

HGUHydrogenGenerationUnit

AdipTreators

Flow DiagramsFlow DiagramsProcess Flow diagram (PFD)– Provides general idea of process– Information presented:– Major equipments (names, numbers, capacity)– Primary process lines – Important operation parameters (F, T, P, L)– Major instrumentation and control loop– Valves (for special situations)– Safety philosophy– Material balance tables

Note: Utility lines and spare equipments are not shown unless special situation

Process Flow Diagram

Flow DiagramsFlow Diagrams• Piping and Instrumentation diagram

(P&ID)– Process flow diagram in details.– ALL equipments with names, capacities,

sizes, important operation parameters.– ALL pipelines with piping codes and flow

directions.– ALL instrumentation (valves, gauges etc),

control loop– Safety philosophy

Piping & Instrumentation Diagram

Flow DiagramsFlow Diagrams

• Utility Flow diagram (UFD)– Shows ALL equipments, instrumentation

and information related to the utilities. – Air, water, nitrogen, steam, condensate,

fuel oil/gas, flare.

Drawing PresentationDrawing Presentation• Isometric Drawing

• Orthographic Drawing– Front View– End View– Plan View

• Process Flow Drawing– Front or Plan View– Flow layout– Position of equipments– Elevation of equipments

• Process Flow & Utility Flow Diagrams may be kept separate.

Symbols - MechanicalSymbols - Mechanical

Main Process Line

Secondary Process LineUtility LineFuture Line

Underground Line

Line crossingNot connected

Line Junction

Jacketed Line

Traced Line

Flanged Joint

Y-TypeStrainer

SpectacleBlindSpade Blind

Reducer

Ejector

Mixer

Symbols- MechanicalSymbols- Mechanical

Suction inlet

DischargeOutlet

CentrifugalPump

CentrifugalCompressor

Blower Fan M Motor

Atmospheric Tank

Open Tank

Floating Tank

Gas Holder

Symbols - MechanicalSymbols - Mechanical

Cooling Coil

Heating Coil

Heat Exchanger

Vertical ReboilerHeat Exchanger

Furnace Coil

Coil Steam Generator

Rotary PositiveDisplacement Pump

ReciprocatingPump

Process & Process & Instrumentation Instrumentation

Drawing and SymbolsDrawing and Symbols1.1. CodesCodes

2.2. Line NumberingLine Numbering

3.3. General EquipmentGeneral Equipment

4.4. Symbols (Mechanical & Symbols (Mechanical & Instrument)Instrument)

5.5. AbbreviationsAbbreviations

Line NumberingLine Numbering

3” P 6001 - 3105 - I

Nominal Pipe Size

Line Service Description

Line Number

Piping Class Identification

Insulation Requirement

• P – Process

• G – Inert Gas (eg N2)

• S –Steam Condensate• W - water

• A – Air• D – Drain• F – Fuel• R - Refrigeration

Piping ClassesPiping Classes

3105

Pressure Rating

Piping Class

Color Codes on pipesColor Codes on pipes

Instrument Air

Fresh Water

Fire Water

Process/Product

Sour Gas

Sweet Gas

Inert Gas/Nitrogen

Types of Lines - ProcessTypes of Lines - Process

Types of Lines - ProcessTypes of Lines - Process

Types of Lines - Types of Lines - InstrumentationInstrumentation

Instrumentation CodeInstrumentation Code

1. F – Flow2. Fq – Quantity

(Volume)3. Fr – Flow Ratio

4. L – Level5. P – Pressure6. Pd – Pressure

Differential7. Q – Quality & Analysis8. S – Speed

9. T – Temperature

10.H – Hand11.A – Alarm12.C – Controlling13.E - Emergency14.I – Indicating15.R – Recording16.G - Gauge

Symbols - InstrumentSymbols - Instrument

P1

T

P

F

PW

RO

FW

H

Pressure Gauge withDiaphragm seal

Boss/Nozzle for Temp

Boss/Nozzle for Pressure

Boss/Nozzle for Flanges

Pressure conn w/valve

Restriction Orifice

Eg Orifice AssemblyWith plates & Valves

Venturi

Control ValveNormal Straight

Control ValveWith Handwheel

Control ValveAngle Type

General Equipment - ValvesGeneral Equipment - Valves

Globe Valve

Ball Valve

Needle Valve

Diaphragm Valve

Butterfly Valve

Plug Valve

Check Valve

Angle Valve

Relief Valve

Gate Valve