Chap 7 - Quality Standard

8/9/2019 Chap 7 - Quality Standard

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Quality Standards


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Objective

To understand the quality standards available

worldwide, the legal requirements of qualityindustry and the performance standards

expected of a quality professional.


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Scope

Standards and compliance

Quality Standards

ISO 9000

ISO or TQM?

BS 5750

Capability Maturity Model

Legal Requirements Health and Safety at Work Act

Data Protection Act

Professional Issues


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Standards and Compliance

Standards are the criteria or measure used to

evaluate whether a product/system conforms

to requirements.

A major role of the Quality Assurance

professional is to ensure that the standards

and procedures are adequate and the defined

standards are being complied to.


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Quality Standards

Standards were viewed as a powerful tool by the

organizations for effective management not only of

product quality but also of all business operations.

Standards ensure that customers get products, whichare fit for use and provide uniformity in similar

products all around the world.

The standards can be used by an organization as animprovement tool and as an evaluation tool in a

subcontracting situation.


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Reasons for implementing Quality Standards

Reduce first time failure

Reduce cost of customer claims

Get things done right the first time Improve service to the customer

Increase competitiveness


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Reasons for implementing Quality Standards

Pressure from large customers

To maintain contracts with existing customers

To use the constraints of the standard toprevent scrap

To reduce auditing of quality systems by

customers


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ISO 9000

These standards are a set of international

quality management standards and guidelines.

The standard applies to the qualitymanagement system a company uses and not

its products. It does not matter what size they

are or what they do.


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ISO 9000

ISO 9000 series of standards consist of two broad

categories of standards:

Core standards

Supplementary guidance standards

ISO 9000 -1: 1994

ISO 9001: 1994

ISO 9002: 1994 ISO 9003: 1994

ISO 9004-1: 1994


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Elements of ISO 9000: 1994 quality assurance system

Product identification and traceability

Process control

Inspection and testing Control of inspection, measuring and test

equipment

Inspection and test status Control of non-conforming product


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Elements of ISO 9000: 1994 quality assurance system

Corrective and preventive action

Handling, storage, packing, preservation anddelivery

Control of quality records

Internal quality audits

Training

Servicing

Statistical Techniques


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ISO 9001 ModelWork

Contractreview (4.3)

Processcontrol (4.9)

Testing (4.10-4.12)

Control of non-conforming product (4.13)

handling, storage, packing and delivery (4.15)

Servicing (4.19)

Purchasing (4.6)

Customer supplied product (4.7)Design control (4.4)

People

Managementresponsibility(4.1)Training (4.18)

SystemQuality system (4.2)

Document control (4.5)

Corrective action(4.14)Internal quality audit (4.17)

InformationProduct identification (4.8)

Records (4.16)

Statisticaltechniques (4.20)


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ISO or TQM?

ISO 9000 and TQM are complementary to eachother.

Effective management of processes using ISO

systems leads to consistency in results. Other aspects of organizational activity to be

considered for guaranteeing a quality product policy and strategy

people management satisfaction of employees

continuous improvement of existing systems

quality costs etc. are being addressed in TQM.


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ISO 9000 - a good building block for TQM

TQM

pdca

pdca

ISO9000

ISO9000


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BSI standards

BSI is the British Standards Institution.

The military standards were eventually

developed by British Standards Institution(BSI) into BS 5750 series (Part 1, 2 and 3

:1979)

Since then, it has been used as the source for

ISO 9000 series.


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Capability Maturity Model

CMM was developed by the Software EngineeringInstitute (SEI) at Carnegie-Mellon University ofU.S.A.

The SEI was initiated by the U.S.DefenceDepartment to help improve software developmentprocesses.

The CMM is a model of 5 levels of organizational

maturity that determine the effectiveness indelivering quality software.

It is geared to large organizations such as the biggerU.S.Defence Department contractors.


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Five Level of Capability Maturity Model

Initial Process

Repeatable Process

Defined Process Managed Process

Optimizing Process


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Legal Requirements

These have been instituted mainly to protectthe rights of the workers and also theemployers.

They generally provide guidelines to theemployers to maintain certain work standardsand also specific requirements to achieve this.

The Health and Safety at Work Act and DataProtection Act are the two important legalregulations.

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Health and Safety at Work Act

The Act gives the general duties that

employers have towards employees and the

public

It also gives the responsibility, the employees

have towards themselves and each other in

view of maintaining safety at work.

Do a risk assessment and record the

significant findings.

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Health and Safety at Work Act

Make arrangements for implementing the health andsafety measures identified as necessary by the riskassessment;

Appoint competent people (often themselves, asSafety representative) to help them to implement thearrangements;

Set up emergency procedures;

Provide clear information and training to employees; Work together with other employers sharing the

same workplace.

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Data Protection Act (1984)

The Data Protection Act (1984) grew out of

public concern about personal privacy in the

face of rapidly developing information

technology.

It provides rights for individuals and demands

good information handling practice.

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Data Protection Act - Important Definitions:

Personal data.

Data user

Registration

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Professional Issues

Code of ethics

Statement of responsibilities

Program of continuing education Common body of knowledge

Certification program

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Summary

Quality Standards are the criteria or measure used to

evaluate whether a product/system conforms to

requirements.

The ISO 9000 standards are a set of internationalquality management standards and guidelines

ISO 9001

ISO 9002

ISO 9003

ISO 9004-1

Quality Standards


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Summary

TQM addresses policy and strategy, people

management, satisfaction of employees, continuous

improvement of existing systems, quality costs etc.

for guaranteeing a quality product. In order to control the increase in different types of

quality system standards and to reduce multiple

assessments, British Standards Institution (BSI)

developed the military standards into BS 5750

series.

Quality Standards


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Summary

The CMM is a model of 5 levels of

organizational maturity that determine the

effectiveness in delivering quality software.

The Health and Safety at Work Act and Data

Protection Act are the two important legal

regulations.

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Summary

Any profession has following generally

accepted criteria:

Code of ethics

Statement of responsibilities

Program of continuing education

Common body of knowledge

Certification program

Chap 7 - Quality Standard

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