WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY ? 2 components of relationship: Microsociologist partic!lar interactions in e"er#$a# life%&Macrocoiol ogists larger pattern It is the scienti'c st!$# of h!man relations or gro!p life% It is the scienti'c st!$# of h!man interactions an$ pro$!cts of s!ch interactions% Sociolog# comes from the Latin (or$ )socius"- companion or partner an$ the Gree* (or$ )logos" - study, science or word. It is also concerne$ (ith repetiti"e an$ rec!rrent forms of +eha"ior, attit!$es, +eliefs, "al!es norms, an$ social instit!tins that ma*e !p the social or$er% It is concerne$ (ith all *in$s of social interactions, social processes, social str!ct!res an$ social organi-ations% It is a st!$# of h!man interactions, the relationships that occ!r (ithin the gro!p an$ the res!lts of these interactions .% Micro sociolog# in$i"i$!al in the societ#% 2%macro sociolog# gro!p +eha"ior Concern of Sociolog # /asic Social Instit!tions 0amil#, religion, 1$!cation, economics an$ State go"ernment3 Social 4s#cholog# foc!ses on h!man nat!re, personalit#, attit!$es an$ collecti"e +eha"ior% Social change change in c!lt!re, socila relations an$ reorgani-ation s% 4op!lation $emograoh# an$ factors a5ecting pop!lation change% 1colog# in relation to the en"ironment an$ spatial relations +et(een people an$ en"ironement% Sociologiclal Theories an$ metho$s form!lation of theories relat!"e to gro!p life ser"ing as +ases for pre$iction an$ contract of the in$i"i$!al6s social en"ironment% Applie$ Sociolog# application of !se of the 'n$ings of p!re sociological research% It starte$ in 0rench 7e"ol!tion 289:.8::3 A!g!ste Comte 'rst coine$ the term sociolog# to $escri+e his "ision of a ne( science% In the .:th cent!r#, empirical research or in"estigatio n (as !se$ in the st!$# of social phenomena 1mile ;!r*heim 0ather of Mo$ern Sociolog# ANTHRO POLOG Scienti'c st!$# of man 4 #s ca Anthrop olog# foc!ses on the histor# of man6s ph#sical charact eristics % C!lt!ral Anthrop olog# st!$# of total societie s% Archaeo log# concern e$ (ith e<tinct societie s% 1thnolo g# concent rates on the $i"erse c!lt!re of the present% Ling!ist ics st!$# of h!man lang!ag e, s#m+ols an$ its $e"elop ment% Applie$ anthrop olog# applicat ion of the i$eas gathere $ in sol"ing pro+lem s to achie"e a goal% !"rys#el $oy P. Ro%les &'AT-( !HAPT)R *+ 'T, O 'O!/OLOG AN ANTHROPOLOG H/'TOR O 'O!/OLO R)LAT/ON'H/ P O ANTHROPOLOG AN 'O!//OLOG TO OTH)R 'O!/AL '!/)N!)' 1. Hist ory- pa st ev en ts of th e people and its connection to its civilization. 2. Ec onomic s – ec onomic lif e of humans 3. Political Science – for s oci ology – the decision of the poople. 4. Psychology- human ehavior. HISTORY OF ANTHROPOLOGY • It is traced from the ancient Greek historical and philosophical writings about human nature and the organization of human society. • Durin g in Middl e Ages , bibl ical scholar s dominated European thinking on uestions rel ate d to human ori gin s and cul tur al de!elopment • "rom the #$th to the #%th centu ries , the peri od of disc o!er ies and e&pl orati ons, European e&plorers, missionaries, soldiers and colonial officials were sources of facts and findings. • 'he Age of Enlightenment in Europe during the #(th and #%th centu ries marked the beginning of scientific and rati onal philosophica l thoughts. ) cottish* born Da!id +ume, ohn -ocke of England, and ean* ac ue s ou sse au of "ra nce wro te a number of humanistic works on the nature of human kind. /phi loso phical works than religious works0. • In the earl y #1th centur y, flint tools and othe r artifacts were disc o!er ed in "ran ce and other parts of Europe. • 'he 23th century marked the beginning of modern anthropology in both physical and cultural aspects. P/ON))R' Franz Boaz Auguste Comte Charles H. Cooley Emile Durkheim Karl Marx Lewis Henry Morgan Herert !"en#er E$war$ Burnett %ayl or Max &eer