Changing Physical Environment and Settlement in the Hungarian Drava Plain in the 18-20th Century Péter Gyenizse, Institute of Geography, Dénes Lóczy, Ervin Pirkhoffer, Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6. E-mail: [email protected]
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Changing Physical Environment and Settlement in the Hungarian Drava Plain in the 18-20th Century Péter Gyenizse, Institute of Geography, Dénes Lóczy, Ervin.
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Changing Physical Environment and Settlement in the Hungarian
Drava Plain in the 18-20th Century
Péter Gyenizse, Institute of Geography,
Dénes Lóczy, Ervin Pirkhoffer, Institute of Environmental Sciences
Since the 13th century: between the Almás and Okor steams and the Drava river Origin of the name: Finno-ugric ormo = emerging ridge or Turkish orman = forest
Ormánság
Geomorphological districts
Drava floodplain
Ormánság mounds
Fekete-víz and Pécsi-vízalluvial fan
Pécs Basin
Landscape history
• latest colonization in South-Transdanubia• more than 1000 km2 inundated during Drava floods • swamps: protection during the Mongolian Invasion and Turkish Occupation
Gyöngyös stream
Almás stream Okor stream
Pécsi stream
Changing landscape
Changes in the Fekete-víz drainage basin (after Erdősi, F. 1977)1 = stagnant water at the beginning of the 19th century; 2 = water-mills; 3 = stream channel at the beginning of the 19th century; 4 = braided channel across marsh at the beginning of the 19th century; 5 = artificial channel reach formed since the middle of the 19th century; 6 = former reach abandoned during artificial diversion Promjene u sljevnom području Fekete-víza (prema Erdősi, 1977)1 = stagnirajuća voda na početku 19. stoljeća; 2 = vodenice; 3 = korita na početku 19. stoljeća; 4 = prepletena korita u močvarnom području na početku 19. stoljeća; 5 = umjetni kanal izgrađen od sredine 19. stoljeća, 6 = napušteni dio kanala nakon umjetnog skretanja