Changing Age Features of the Rocky Mountain West Population The chart shows population counts by single ages for persons under 1 year of age up to age.

Changing Age Features of the Rocky Mountain West PopulationThe chart shows population counts by single ages for persons under 1 year of age up to age 84 for the last two Censuses – 1990 and 2000. The figures in the chart combine state totals for the five Rocky Mountain states. Population growth in the period was concentrated among adults between their late 30s and late 50s – classic “baby boomers,” or persons born between 1946 and 1964. Growth also was focused among young adults in their early and mid- 20s and among older children and teen-age children, or what is often referred to as the baby boom “echo.”

In looking forward toward the 2010 Census, the large population in their late 30s to late 50s, will shift to their late 40s to late 60s, moving steadily toward retirement ages and continue shifting. And the younger population concentrated in their late teens and early 20s will shift to late 20s and early 30s.

5-State Rocky Mountain West Pop. by Single Age: 1990 vs. 2000

0

25,000

50,000

75,000

100,000

125,000

150,000

175,000

'>1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82

Age 84

1990 2000

Rocky Mountain West Pop. Change by Single Age: '90-'00

25

22

14

53

44 48

-10,000

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

'>1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82

Age 84

Montana Population by Age, 1990 vs. 2000

The upper chart shows the number of persons residing in Montana by single age from youngest to oldest in 1990 and ten years later in 2000. The lower chart shows how population changed for each age during this ten-year period.

Most of the state’s population growth during the ‘90s was among persons at ages between their early 40s and late 50s – classic “baby boomers” or persons born between 1947 and 1963. Some population growth also concentrated among children and young adults between the ages of 12 and 25. This latter group is the children of baby boomers or the boomer “Echo” population.

Considerable population decline actually occurred for persons at ages between the boomer group and echo group. There also was a fall-off in population for young children.

These “ripples” or “waves” in the population age profile will continue to play out in the future.

Montana Population by Age: 1990 vs. 2000

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

Source: Censuses of Population

1990 Census 2000 Census

Montana Population Change by Age: 1990 to 2000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84

-5,000

-2,500

0

2,500

5,000

7,500

Projected Shifts in the Population of Montana by Age

The upper chart shows how population changed in Montana by single age from youngest to oldest between 1990 and 2000. The lower chart shows how population is projected to change by the U.S. Census Bureau (March, 2005, projections) between 2000 and 2010.

The growth in population that was concentrated among persons between their early 40s and late 50s in the ‘90s is projected to be concentrated between persons in their early 50s to late 60s in the current decade.

The echo population also will continue to age, shifting growth to persons between their early 20s and mid-30s. And during the current decade the “echo-echo” population will come into being, reflected in the recent increase in births.

Montana Population Change by Age: 1990 to 2000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84

-5,000

-2,500

0

2,500

5,000

7,500

Montana Projected Pop. Change by Age: 2000 to 2010

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84

-5,000

-2,500

0

2,500

5,000

7,500

Projected Popu-lation Growth by Age in the Next Decade – 2010 to 2020

The chart at the right shows how Montana’s population is projected to change by age between 2010 and 2020. During the next decade growth in the state’s population will shift to persons in their early 60s to late 70s and Montana is in fact projected to have one of the largest populations 65 and older as a percent of its total by 2020.

The echo group or the children of boomers is shown in growth among persons from their early 30s to mid 40s. However, this echo group is projected by the Census Bureau to be much smaller than the boomer group. In turn, the “echo-echo” group is projected to be much smaller than the echo group.

As we look out in front of us, we can see that population growth will continue to manifest itself in ripples and waves, with each successive wave of growth smaller than its immediate predecessor. This pattern of growth has significant implications. The fastest growth will occur among seniors and health care demand will continue to rise and housing needs will change. The number of persons at will move up and down at ages where college students are primarily drawn, as well as for high schools and elementary schools. The labor force of Montana will very likely shrink in size in the future as more and more persons leave the workforce for retirement and there are not enough persons entering the workforce to replace them.

Montana Projected Pop. Change by Age: 2010 to 2020

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84

-5,000

-2,500

0

2,500

5,000

7,500

Future Pop. Change in Montana by Age Grouping

The projected aging of Montana’s population over the next 20 years can be viewed by examining how the population is expected to change by age grouping. The upper chart shows the population under 18 (high school and younger), the population 18 to 33 (young post-high school adults and those at ages of family formation and childrearing), the population 34 to 49 (young and middle-age adults), the population 50 to 64 (older adults at pre-retirement ages), and the population 65 and older.

The under 18 population, which grew by only 3% in the ‘90s, is projected to fall by 8% between 2000 and 2010, then grow slightly in the subsequent two decades. The young adult population, which saw very little change in the last decade, would grow by 10% in the current decade before declining in each of the subsequent periods. The older adult working age population between 50 and 64, which saw massive growth in the ‘90s will also see very high growth in the current period before beginning a decline. And the 65 and older population, which grew by only 13% in the ‘90s, will grow by 20%, 46%, and 27% in the subsequent three decades.

As a result of these age shifts, Montana will have one of the largest populations over 65 of any state in the country in future years.

Projected Montana Pop. by Age Groupings

215,516215,351

191,309

160,909

192,115

129,243

247,769

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

200,000

220,000

240,000

260,000

280,000

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2005

0-17

18-33

34-49

50-64

65+

Projected Percent Pop. Change by Age Grouping, Montana

3%

-8%

3%

-4%

0%

10%

-14%

-5%

22%

-13%

9%

-1%

39%

49%

-4%-8%

13%

20%

46%

27%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

'90-'00 '00-'10 '10-'20 '20-'30

0-17

18-33

34-49

50-64

65+

How Population Aging is affecting Birth & Death Trends in Montana

By simply looking at long-term trends in the number of births and number of deaths statewide in Montana over time, you can see some of the effects of population aging.

The chart shows the total number of births by residents of Montana since the mid-‘50s through 2007. Births actually peaks back in 1957 and have never returned to that level again. This peak was associated with the peak in births by today’s “baby boomers.”

Births once again rose to another relative high in 1981 and this peak was associated with the time when boomers themselves were having kids. The more recent smaller bubble that may continue to rise is associated with the kids of boomers now having kids themselves.

As the population continues to age, deaths are steadily rising and these will begin to rise more rapidly as boomers reach 65 and older over the next decade.

Annual Births and Deaths by Montana Residents, 1955-2007

12437

10779

14538

11392

18219

7614

6725653965786115

8570

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

'55

'57

'59

'61

'63

'65

'67

'69

'71

'73

'75

'77

'79

'81

'83

'85

'87

'89

'91

'93

'95

'97

'99

'01

'03

'05

'07

Source: Montana Vital Statistics Bureau

Births Deaths

“Natural Population Change” in Montana – Urban-to-Rural

The chart shows net population change as a result of only births and deaths in Montana for the seven urban or regional center counties, for counties nearby these centers, and for the rest of the more rural counties in the state.

Most of the population growth now occurring in Montana from natural change is happening in the seven more urban centers. Very little population growth is happening in the more rural areas of the state, even though births are slightly up with the emergence of the “echo-echo” group, or the children of the children of boomers.

In the future as birth rates fall, natural change in most of Montana’s more rural areas will go “negative,” that is, there will be more deaths than births, and this negative natural change will add to the already existing population loss occurring because of negative “net migration” in most of these rural areas.

Annual Births minus Deaths for Montana Areas, Urban-to-Rural

3,3033,250

2,125

4,4454,479

327350

29

1,793

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

'78 '79 '80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

Source: Sw anson, using Montana Dept. of Health data

Reg. Centers (7) Closely-linked (27) Iso. Rural (22)

Trends in Births-Deaths in Montana – West vs. EastThe upper chart shows total births and deaths each year in the western mountain region of Montana since the late ‘70s. The lower chart shows the same for counties in eastern Montana.

Birth totals in the west have recovered to levels in the early ‘80s. However, in the east, total births have risen modestly but are well below levels in the early ‘80s when the current “echo” age group was being born.

The difference between births and deaths is what is called “natural change” and western Montana is currently adding more and more people through natural change as the “echo-echo” group is being born. This should continue for a few more years. And as births eventually begin to decline, deaths will continue rising.

Annual Births vs. Deaths by Residents: Western Mountain Region

6,9166,806

5,590

4,666

4,023

3,364

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Source: Sw anson, using MT Dept. of Health data

Births

Deaths

Annual Births vs. Deaths by Residents: Eastern Plains Region

1,4391,272

2,817

1,1301,012

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Births

Deaths

Trends in Natural Population Change in Missoula Co.The upper chart shows the total number of annual births and deaths by residents of Missoula County since the late ‘70s through 2007. In 2007 there were 1,369 births by Missoula County residents, up steadily from a low of 992 in 1997, but still below the high of 1,385 in 1980 during the peak in births among the “echo” group. This bubble in births in the early ‘80s translated into record high school enrollment levels in Missoula County in the late ‘90s.

The current rise in births is associated with children of boomers now themselves having children and this rise in births will probably continue for at least a few more years before gradually subsiding.

Deaths are steadily rising, setting new records almost each year as they do. Total deaths in the county will begin to rise more rapidly in another 4 to 6 years, with the steady aging of the large boomer population.

Annual Births versus Deaths in Missoula Co.

1369

1229

992

1385

718

625

401

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

'78 '79 '80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

Source: MT Dept. of Health data, Missoula Co. residents only

Births Deaths

Year-to-Year Change in the Number of Births: Missoula Co.

140

(172)

5874

(200)

(150)

(100)

(50)

0

50

100

150

200

'79 '80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

Recent Changes in Missoula County’s Younger Population

The children of baby boomers or those in the “echo” group, are now at ages where they are also starting families and having children, which can be thought of as the “echo-echo” group. This can be seen in the gradual increase in those under 5 years of age living in the county gradually increasing.

However, children 5 to 13 decreased in numbers between 2000 and 2004, before beginning to increase again between 2004 and 2005.

And children 14 to 17 who compose most of the high school age population declined in numbers between 2002 and 2005, before beginning to increase.

An important factor in Missoula’s future regards what will happen to the size of the school age population and how large the echo-echo population will be.

Recent Yearly Estimates: Missoula Under 18 Population, 2000 - 2007

5,471 5,475 5,595 5,700 5,765 5,827 5,922 6,018

11,023 10,979 10,894 10,741 10,656 10,688 10,767 10,890

5,466 5,477 5,532 5,330 5,212 5,214 5,243 5,270

0

2,500

5,000

7,500

10,000

12,500

15,000

'2000 '2001 '2002 '2003 '2004 '2005 '2006 '2007Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Under 5

Ages 5-13

Ages 14-17

Recent Yearly Change in the Under 18 Population of Missoula Co., 2000-07

4

120105

65 62

95 96

-44

-85

-153

-85

32

79

123

11

55

-202

-118

2

29 27

-210

-180

-150

-120

-90

-60

-30

0

30

60

90

120

150

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

Under 5

Ages 5-13

Ages 14-17

Recent Changes in Montana’s Younger Population – Regional Center Cos. Versus Rest of State

The younger population is being “regenerated” in most of Montana’s urban centers. However, this isn’t the case in most of Montana outside these regional centers. The upper chart shows population change among segments of the younger population in the seven regional center counties. The bottom chart shows change in the rest of Montana outside these centers.

The “echo-echo” group is taking shape in Montana’s regional centers with year-to-year growth in the under 5 population. And this is translating into a turnaround in decline among older children. However, this isn’t happening in the more rural areas.

Recent Yearly Change in the Under 18 Pop. of Montana's 7 Regional Centers, 2000-07

112

406

1,020

727

890 913 911

-465

-632

-312

-489

13

356

707

-199

-5

-456

166 177 190

61

-800

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

Under 5

Ages 5-13

Ages 14-17

Recent Yearly Change in the Under 18 Pop. Outside Regional Center Counties, 2000-07

-491

-254 -268

-74 -25

169

327

-1,712

-1,890

-1,549

-1,384 -1,363

-1,221

-770

-558 -499-606

-377

-526-640 -667

-2,000

-1,500

-1,000

-500

0

500

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

Under 5

Ages 5-13

Ages 14-17

Recent Changes in Missoula County’s Older Population

The upper chart shows yearly estimates of Missoula County’s population that is 45 and older broken down into three groups – those 45 to 64, which accounts for the baby boomer group; those 65 to 84, and those 85 and older.

The oldest of the boomer group is 62 or 63 this year, which means that over the next 20 years, the boomer group will steadily move past the age of 65. This will result in the 65 and older population of Missoula roughly doubling in size over the next two decades.

You can see the beginnings of this steady rise in the 65 and older population now.

Recent Yearly Estimates: Missoula Over 44 Population, 2000 - 2007

21,76922,632

23,56224,449 25,166

26,10627,047

27,890

8,346 8,410 8,479 8,563 8,689 8,863 9,071 9,340

1275 1324 1353 1368 1448 1507 1555 1588

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

'2000 '2001 '2002 '2003 '2004 '2005 '2006 '2007Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Age 45-64

Age 65-85

Age 85+

Recent Yearly Change in the Over 44 Population of Missoula Co., 2000-07

863

930887

717

940 941

843

64 69 84126

174208

269

49 29 15

80 59 48 33

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

Age 45-64

Age 65-85

Age 85+

Recent Changes in Missoula County’s 18 to 64 Population

The upper chart shows yearly estimates of Missoula ’s population of young adults, ages 18 to 24, those 25 to 44, and older adults between 45 and 64. The lower chart shows recent yearly changes in these age groups.

As noted previously, Missoula has continued to steadily add to its population between 45 and 64 – baby boomers. It has also added to the number of younger adults that are 25 to 44, but in significantly smaller numbers.

It is important to note that the county is no longer adding to its young adult population – those between 18 and 24 who are residents of the county. There have been pronounced declines in these younger adults since 2003. The high school age population peaked in about 2001 or 2002 in Missoula and this is translating into declines in these declines in young adults.

Recent Yearly Estimates: Missoula 18 to 64 Population, 2000-07

14,924 15,144 15,167 15,345 14,969 14,491 14,391 14,213

27,894 27,968 28,375 28,411 28,979 29,543 30,072 30,441

21,76922,632

23,56224,449 25,166

26,10627,047 27,890

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

'2000 '2001 '2002 '2003 '2004 '2005 '2006 '2007Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Ages 18-24

Ages 25-44

Age 45-64

Recent Yearly Change in the 18 to 64 Population of Missoula Co., 2000-07

220

23

178

-376-478

-100-178

74

407

36

568 564 529

369

863930 887

717

940 941843

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

Ages 18-24

Ages 25-44

Age 45-64

Population Growth Over Time in Missoula and Ravalli Counties

The upper chart shows population levels of the two counties since 1969. The lower chart shows changes for the two counties for 5-year periods over time.

Missoula County’s population stood at about 59,000 in 1970, grew to more than 76,000 in 1980, then saw very little growth in the ‘80s. Growth accelerated in 1990, continuing through 1997, reaching 93,000. It then slowed a bit, but rose to over 96,000 in 2000 and to over 107,000 in 2008.

Growth in Ravalli Co. followed a similar pattern, rising from 25,000 in 1990 to 36,000 in 2000 and to 41,000 in 2008.

Total Population Over Time, Missoula & Ravalli Counties, 1969-2008

107,320

93,151

77,56476,352

58,472

40,664

34,041

25,06824,426

14,543

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

'69 '72 '75 '78 '81 '84 '87 '90 '93 '96 '99 '02 '05 '08

Source: Census BureauMissoula Ravalli

Population Growth by 5-Yr. Period

8,5849,059

1,659 1,306

11,333

5,755 5,9725,180

3,6164,504

1,763

642

6,874

4,364

2,923

1,435

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

'70-'75 '75-'80 '80-'85 '85-'90 '90-'95 '95-'00 '00-'05 ''05-'08

Missoula

Ravalli

Western Peer Cities: Percent Population Growth, 1990 - 2000

17.4%

21.6%

25.5%

34.5%

14.1%

3.1%

-20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Grand Forks, ND-MNManhattan, KS

Minot, NDOdessa, TX

Muskogee, OKLawton, OK

Great Falls, MTMankato, MN

St. Joseph, MO-KSAberdeen, WARoseburg, OR

San Angelo, TXFairbanks, AK

Ukiah, CAAmes, IA

Midland, TXCasper, WY

Rapid City, SDGrand Island, NE

La Crosse, WI-MNCorvallis, ORStillwater, OK

Cheyenne, WYVictoria, TX

Longview, WABillings, MT

Idaho Falls, IDPocatello, ID

Lufkin, TXBismarck, ND

Iowa City, IASherman-Denison, TX

Helena, MTTwin Falls, IDFlagstaff, AZ

Grants Pass, ORGallup, NM

Missoula, MTLawrence, KSBrainerd, MN

Farmington, NMGrand Junction, CO

Kalispell, MTWenatchee, WA

Logan, UT-IDSanta Fe, NMBozeman, MT

Bend, ORCoeur d'Alene, ID

St. George, UT

Western Peer Cities: Percent Population Growth, 2000 - 2008

18.4%

31.4%

11.6%

9.9%

9.0%

2.3%

-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Gallup, NMMinot, ND

Law ton, OKUkiah, CA

Grand Forks, ND-MNGreat Falls, MTMuskogee, OK

Victoria, TXLufkin, TX

Roseburg, ORSan Angelo, TX

St. Joseph, MO-KSCorvallis, OR

La Crosse, WI-MNGrand Island, NE

Aberdeen, WAPocatello, ID

Sherman-Denison,Cheyenne, WY

Wenatchee, WAFarmington, NMGrants Pass, OR

Mankato, MNAmes, IA

Longview , WAHelena, MTOdessa, TXCasper, WYBillings, MT

Flagstaff, AZSanta Fe, NM

Rapid City, SDMissoula, MT

Midland, TXBrainerd, MN

Manhattan, KSBismarck, NDLaw rence, KSStillw ater, OK

Iow a City, IATw in Falls, ID

Fairbanks, AKKalispell, MT

Idaho Falls, IDGrand Junction, CO

Logan, UT-IDCoeur d'Alene, ID

Bozeman, MTBend, OR

St. George, UT

Personal Income Growth among States, 1990 – 2007

Taken as a group and as a single region, the Rocky Mountain West has the fastest growing economy in the U.S., as measured in total personal income growth since 1990. Four of the five Rocky Mountain West states are among the top six states in income growth and the 5th, Montana, is ranked 13th among states in income growth.

This pace of growth in income over the last two decades propelled Montana and other Rocky Mountain West states through the early stages of the national recession. While this growth has slowed in the region, a similar pattern of growth will largely emerge as the national slowdown subsides over the next year or so.

Total Personal Income Growth for U.S. States, 1990 - 2007 (Inflation Adjusted)

60%

64%

76%

87%

104%106%

111%111%

128%180%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 140% 160% 180% 200%

OhioMichigan

W VirginiaPennsylv

Rho IslandMaine

New YorkIow a

IndianaIllinois

ConnectMissouri

New JerseyDist Colum

KansasNebraskaNo DakotaMassachKentucky

WisconsinVermont

CaliforniaAlabama

MarylandNew Hamp

USLouisianaDelaw are

MinnesotaSoCarolina

MississippiOklahomaArkansas

TennesseeSo Dakota

VirginiaOregon

MontanaNoCarolina

New MexWashngtn

FloridaGeorgia

TexasIdaho

WyomingColorado

UtahArizonaNevada

Personal Income Expansion in Montana Over Time

The upper chart shows levels of total personal income for Montana since 1980 with figures in millions of 2005 inflation-adjusted dollars. Income totaled almost $16 billion in 1982, rose only slightly to over $16 billion in 1988, but since then has seen almost uninterrupted expansion. Income surpassed $18 billion in 1992, then accelerated to over $24 billion in 2002. Growth has continued since then and reached almost $29.5 billion in 2007.

The lower chart examines this income growth for 5-year periods over time. Income grew by less than half a billion dollars between 1982 and 1987. Its growth then picked up, rising by $1.7 between 1987 and 1992. Growth has accelerated in each successive 5-year period since, rising by $2.6 billion, then $3.8 billion, and by $4.9 billion in the most recent period from 2002 to 2007.

Total Personal Income Levels Over Time in Montana

$16,096$15,967

$18,108

$24,591

$29,484

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

'80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07Source: BEA, U.S. Commerce Dept.

Mill

ions

of 20

05 D

olla

rs

Personal Income Growth in Montana for Recent 5-Year Periods

$466

$1,675

$2,640

$3,842

$4,894

$0

$1,000

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

'82-'87 '87-'92 '92-'97 '97-'02 '02-'07

Mill

ions

of 20

05 D

olla

rs

Urban-to-Rural Distribution of Personal Income Growth in Montana

The upper chart shows the distribution of recent total personal income growth in Montana between 1996 and 2006 by county with counties arrayed from left to right by urban-rural grouping and by amount of income growth.

Income grew by $12.3 billion between 1996 and 2006 in nominal dollars. Of this growth, $8.7 billion occurred in the seven regional centers (over 70% of the total), and another $2.6 billion in growth occurred in the 27 counties nearby these regional centers (21%). The remaining 8% of income growth was accounted for by the other 22 more rural and isolated counties in Montana.

Personal Income Growth in MT, Urban-to-Rural, 1996-2006 (Mil. $)

$175$270

$508$433

$826$898

$1,349$1,461

$1,601

$2,092

-$400

$0

$400

$800

$1,200

$1,600

$2,000

$2,400

Source: Swanson, using BEA, Commerce Dept. data

Personal Income Change in MT, Urban-to-Rural, 1996-2006

$8.7

$2.6

$1.0

$12.3

$0.0

$2.0

$4.0

$6.0

$8.0

$10.0

$12.0

$14.0

Reg. Center Cos. (7) Closely-linked Cos. (27) Iso. Rural Cos. (22) State-wide

Mill

ions

of C

urr

ent D

olla

rs

Personal Income Levels Over Time in Missoula and Ravalli Counties

The upper chart shows total personal income for each county since 1969. The lower chart shows percentage changes in income for 5-year periods over this period.

The personal income base of Missoula County rose from $850 million in the early ‘70s to $1.5 billion in the early ‘80s. Growth stagnated in the ‘80s. However, since then, the county has seen virtually uninterrupted growth, with total income reaching $3.2 billion in 2006.

Personal income in Ravalli County rose from $430 million in the late ‘80s to over $1 billion in 2006.

Total Personal Income Levels Over Time, Missoula & Ravalli Counties, 1969-2006

$2,614

$1,638

$3,193

$1,499

$1,098

$849 $819

$1,034

$433

$185$0

$500

$1,000

$1,500

$2,000

$2,500

$3,000

$3,500

'69 '72 '75 '78 '81 '84 '87 '90 '93 '96 '99 '02 '05

Source: BEA, U.S. Commerce Dept.

Mill

ion

s o

f 20

05 D

olla

rs

Missoula Ravalli

Percentage Change in Real Personal Income by 5-Yr Period

29%

35%

8% 8%

22%24%

18%

41%38%

18%

10%

34%30%

21%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

'70-'75 '75-'80 '80-'85 '85-'90 '90-'95 '95-'00 '00-'05

Missoula

Ravalli

Western Peer Cities: Total Personal Income Growth, 1990-2000 (Inflation-adjusted)

39%

45%

51%

54%

74%

19%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 140%

Manhattan, KSGrand Forks, ND-

Law ton, OKAberdeen, WAGreat Falls, MTFairbanks, AK

Odessa, TXMinot, ND

Muskogee, OKIdaho Falls, ID

St. Joseph, MO-KSLongview , WARoseburg, OR

La Crosse, WI-MNSan Angelo, TX

Ukiah, CAMankato, MN

Grand Island, NECheyenne, WYStillw ater, OK

Sherman-Denis, TXCasper, WYMidland, TXVictoria, TX

Ames, IAPocatello, ID

Tw in Falls, IDRapid City, SD

Billings, MTGallup, NMLufkin, TX

Grants Pass, ORBismarck, ND

Helena, MTWenatchee, WA

Logan, UT-IDFarmington, NM

Iow a City, IAMissoula, MTCorvallis, ORBrainerd, MNKalispell, MTFlagstaff, AZSanta Fe, NM

Law rence, KSGrand Junction, CO

Bozeman, MTBend, OR

Coeur d'Alene, IDSt. George, UT

Western Peer Cities: Total Personal Income Growth, 2000 - 2007 (Inflation-adjusted)

22%

32%31%

29%

45%

58%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

St. Joseph, MO-KSLongview , WAAberdeen, WA

Ukiah, CACorvallis, OR

La Crosse, WI-MNMankato, MN

Sherman-Denis, TXSan Angelo, TX

Victoria, TXRoseburg, OR

Muskogee, OKPocatello, ID

Wenatchee, WAGrants Pass, ORGrand Island, NE

Brainerd, MNGrand Forks, ND-

Ames, IAIow a City, IA

Minot, NDLaw rence, KS

Great Falls, MTGallup, NM

Logan, UT-IDStillw ater, OK

Law ton, OKFairbanks, AKTw in Falls, IDRapid City, SD

Lufkin, TXMissoula, MTFlagstaff, AZ

Bismarck, NDGrand Junction, CO

Helena, MTBillings, MT

Santa Fe, NMFarmington, NM

Odessa, TXMidland, TX

Cheyenne, WYCoeur d'Alene, ID

Idaho Falls, IDCasper, WY

Kalispell, MTBend, OR

Manhattan, KSSt. George, UTBozeman, MT

Total Employment Growth among States, 1990-2007

Four of the five Rocky Mountain West states are among the top ten states with the fastest growing employment since 1990 and the 5th, Wyoming, is ranked 11th. The economies of all these states are not only growing, but changing and restructuring.

Total Employment Growth for U.S. States, 1990- 2007

29%

30%

43%

48%

57%

72%77%

84%117%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%

Dist ColumConnecticuRho IslandNew YorkMichiganPennsylvMassach

OhioMaine

W VirginiaNew Jersey

IllinoisIndiana

MissouriIow a

VermontMaryland

LouisianaKansas

CaliforniaNebraska

WisconsinAlabama

KentuckyNo DakotaDelaw are

MississippiOklahoma

USSoCarolinaNew HampMinnesota

VirginiaArkansas

TennesseeSo DakotaWashngtn

NoCarolinaOregon

WyomingNew MexMontanaGeorgia

TexasColorado

FloridaIdaho

UtahArizonaNevada

Urban-to-Rural Distribution of Employment Growth in Montana

The upper chart shows the distribution of recent employment growth in Montana between 1996 and 2006, as measured by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), U.S. Commerce Department. Counties are arrayed from left to right based upon their urban-rural grouping and by employment growth. The lower chart then shows employment change over this ten-year period for the three county groupings.

Jobs increased by 115,000 over this period, with 86,815 of this job growth (nearly 76%) occurring in the seven regional center counties. About 21% of the growth (23,578 jobs) was in counties nearby these centers. The remainder (less than 4%) was in rural counties.

Total Employment Growth in MT, Urban-to-Rural, 1996-2006

1,269

5,106

3,362

6,900

16,42716,717

18,460

22,742

-5,000

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Source: Swanson, using BEA, U.S. Commerce Dept. data

Total Employment Change in MT, Urban-to-Rural, 1996-2006

86,815

23,578

4,389

114,782

0

25,000

50,000

75,000

100,000

125,000

Reg. Center Cos. (7) Closely-linked Cos. (27) Iso. Rural Cos. (22) State-wide

All

full-

& p

art-

tim

e em

plo

ymen

t

Employment Levels in Missoula and Ravalli Counties Over Time

The upper chart shows total employment, including all full- and part-time jobs in Missoula and Ravalli Counties, since 1969 through 2006.

Employment has steadily grown in Missoula County over time, rising from 25,000 in 1970 to 40,500 by decades end. Employment dipped temporarily in the early ‘80s, but has steadily grown since the mid-80s.

The lower chart shows growth in employment in the two counties for 5-year periods over time.

Total Employment Levels Over Time, Missoula & Ravalli Counties, 1969-2006

77,332

36,85840,511

25,13920,571

7,6204,938

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

'69 '72 '75 '78 '81 '84 '87 '90 '93 '96 '99 '02 '05

Source: BEA, U.S. Commerce Dept.

All

full-

& p

art-

tim

e jo

bs

Missoula Ravalli

Employment Growth by 5-Yr Period

5,951

8,517

2,269

6,135

10,538

8,4878,027

1,089 1,463 1,387 1,734

4,072

2,2802,805

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

'70-'75 '75-'80 '80-'85 '85-'90 '90-'95 '95-'00 '00-'05

Missoula

Ravalli

Western Peer Cities: Employment Growth, 1990 - 2000

48%61%

30%

27%

12%

40%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 125%

Lawton, OKAberdeen, WA

Grand Forks, ND-MNOdessa, TX

St. Joseph, MO-KSGreat Falls, MT

Ames, IALongview, WA

Midland, TXRoseburg, OR

Casper, WYSherman-Denis, TX

Fairbanks, AKManhattan, KSSan Angelo, TX

Ukiah, CAMinot, ND

Wenatchee, WAMuskogee, OKCheyenne, WYRapid City, SD

La Crosse, WI-MNVictoria, TX

Grand Island, NELufkin, TX

Gallup, NMGrants Pass, OR

Billings, MTMankato, MN

Helena, MTStillwater, OKCorvallis, ORTwin Falls, ID

Iowa City, IABismarck, ND

Farmington, NMIdaho Falls, ID

Pocatello, IDSanta Fe, NMMissoula, MTLawrence, KS

Grand Junction, COFlagstaff, AZ

Brainerd, MNLogan, UT-IDKalispell, MT

Bozeman, MTBend, OR

Coeur d'Alene, IDSt. George, UT

Western Peer Cities: Employment Growth, 2000 - 2007

34%

28%

17%

16%

16%

6%

-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Rapid City, SDMuskogee, OKLongview , WAManhattan, KS

Sherman-Denis, TXStillw ater, OKLaw rence, KS

San Angelo, TXUkiah, CA

Aberdeen, WARoseburg, OR

La Crosse, WI-MNMinot, ND

Law ton, OKGreat Falls, MT

Grand Island, NEAmes, IA

Corvallis, ORLufkin, TX

Brainerd, MNGallup, NM

Victoria, TXGrand Forks, ND-MN

St. Joseph, MO-KSCheyenne, WY

Santa Fe, NMMankato, MN

Fairbanks, AKBillings, MTPocatello, IDHelena, MT

Wenatchee, WAGrants Pass, OR

Tw in Falls, IDMissoula, MTIow a City, IA

Idaho Falls, IDBismarck, NDLogan, UT-ID

Farmington, NMOdessa, TX

Flagstaff, AZCasper, WY

Grand Junction, COMidland, TX

Kalispell, MTCoeur d'Alene, ID

Bozeman, MTBend, OR

St. George, UT

Western Peer Cities: Unemployment Rates in Aug. '08

3.3

3.63.7

4.1

4.8

4.3

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0

Roseburg, ORGrants Pass, OR

Longview , WABend, OR

Aberdeen, WAUkiah, CA

Brainerd, MNGallup, NM

Flagstaff, AZWenatchee, WA

St. Joseph, MO-KSFairbanks, AK

Sherman-Denison, TXCoeur d'Alene, ID

St. George, UTLufkin, TX

Pocatello, IDCorvallis, OR

Stillw ater, OKKalispell, MTMankato, MN

Muskogee, OKSan Angelo, TX

Farmington, NMMissoula, MTTw in Falls, ID

Victoria, TXLaw rence, KS

Great Falls, MTSanta Fe, NM

Grand Junction, COCheyenne, WY

La Crosse, WI-MNOdessa, TXLaw ton, OK

Idaho Falls, IDHelena, MT

Billings, MTIow a City, IA

Grand Forks, ND-MNAmes, IA

Manhattan, KSBozeman, MT

Midland, TXLogan, UT-ID

Grand Island, NERapid City, SD

Casper, WYBismarck, ND

Minot, ND

Western Peer Cities: Unemployment Rates in February, 2009

12.2

6.9

6.1

5.3

4.94.7

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Roseburg, ORBend, OR

Grants Pass, ORLongview , WAAberdeen, WA

Brainerd, MNKalispell, MT

Ukiah, CAWenatchee, WA

Coeur d'Alene, IDFairbanks, AK

Corvallis, ORMuskogee, OK

St. Joseph, MO-KSSt. George, UT

Grand Junction, COSherman-Denison, TX

Flagstaff, AZMissoula, MT

La Crosse, WI-MNMankato, MN

Lufkin, TXGallup, NM

Pocatello, IDBozeman, MTTw in Falls, ID

Victoria, TXIdaho Falls, IDStillw ater, OK

San Angelo, TXLaw rence, KS

Cheyenne, WYOdessa, TX

Great Falls, MTSanta Fe, NM

Rapid City, SDBismarck, ND

Law ton, OKFarmington, NM

Helena, MTBillings, MT

Logan, UT-IDGrand Forks, ND-MN

Grand Island, NECasper, WY

Minot, NDMidland, TX

Ames, IAIow a City, IA

Manhattan, KS

Per Capita Income Levels in Missoula & Ravalli Cos. Over Time

Per capita income is simply calculated by dividing the total personal income of an area by its total population. It is one of the most used measures of area economic wellbeing.

The upper chart shows per capita income levels for Missoula and Ravalli Counties over time in 2005 inflation-adjusted dollars.

Per capita income is higher in Missoula County than Ravalli, standing at almost $31,000 in 2006 in Missoula versus $26,000 in Ravalli. Growth over the last two 5-year periods has been strong.

Per Capita Income Levels Over Time, Missoula & Ravalli Counties

$30,684

$18,989$20,233

$14,517$15,634

$17,631

$25,952

$12,736

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

'69 '72 '75 '78 '81 '84 '87 '90 '93 '96 '99 '02 '05

Source: BEA, U.S. Commerce Dept.

2005

Infl

atio

n-a

dju

sted

do

llars

Missoula Ravalli

Per Capita Income Growth by 5-Yr. Periods Over Time, Missoula & Ravalli Cos.

$2,849

$199

$1,860$1,658 $1,580

$4,979

$2,785

$1,554

-$241

$2,022 $1,846

$674

$3,888

$2,975

-$1,000

$0

$1,000

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

'72-'77 '77-'82 '82-'87 '87-'92 '92-'97 '97-'02 '02-'07

2005

Infl

atio

n-a

dju

sted

do

llars

Missoula

Ravalli

Western Peer Cities: Per Capita Income % Growth, 1990 - 2000 (Inflation-adjusted)

29%

24%

23%23%

22%

15%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Idaho Falls, IDFairbanks, AKLongview , WA

Law ton, OKAberdeen, WA

Logan, UT-IDGallup, NM

Tw in Falls, IDGreat Falls, MT

Sherman-Denison,Wenatchee, WA

Coeur d'Alene, IDLa Crosse, WI-MN

Grants Pass, ORBend, OR

Odessa, TXFarmington, NM

Pocatello, IDUkiah, CA

Cheyenne, WYRoseburg, OR

Victoria, TXSan Angelo, TX

Billings, MTStillw ater, OK

Lufkin, TXBrainerd, MN

Muskogee, OKGrand Island, NE

Minot, NDSt. Joseph, MO-KS

Kalispell, MTHelena, MT

Manhattan, KSSt. George, UT

Santa Fe, NMBismarck, ND

Grand Forks, ND-Missoula, MT

Casper, WYMidland, TX

Rapid City, SDAmes, IA

Mankato, MNBozeman, MT

Iow a City, IAGrand Junction, CO

Flagstaff, AZLaw rence, KSCorvallis, OR

Western Peer Cities: Per Capita Income % Growth, 2000 - 2007 (Inflation-adjusted)

25%

23%23%

22%

19%

17%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Longview , WASt. Joseph, MO-KS

Aberdeen, WALogan, UT-IDMankato, MNBrainerd, MNIow a City, IA

St. George, UTSherman-Denison, TX

Fairbanks, AKLaw rence, KS

Corvallis, ORLa Crosse, WI-MN

Stillw ater, OKGrants Pass, OR

Grand Junction, COBend, OR

Wenatchee, WASan Angelo, TX

Pocatello, IDUkiah, CA

Roseburg, ORTw in Falls, ID

Ames, IAVictoria, TX

Coeur d'Alene, IDGrand Island, NE

Muskogee, OKRapid City, SDMissoula, MTBismarck, ND

Grand Forks, ND-MNFlagstaff, AZ

Great Falls, MTIdaho Falls, IDSanta Fe, NM

Helena, MTBillings, MT

Bozeman, MTLufkin, TX

Kalispell, MTMinot, ND

Law ton, OKMidland, TX

Farmington, NMOdessa, TXGallup, NM

Cheyenne, WYCasper, WY

Manhattan, KS

Western Peer Cities: Per Capita Income Levels in 1990 (2005 Dollars)

$24,209

$23,763

$23,108

$21,855$21,796

$21,427

$0 $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 $25,000 $30,000 $35,000

Gallup, NMSt. George, UT

Farmington, NMMuskogee, OK

Logan, UT-IDFlagstaff, AZ

Stillw ater, OKPocatello, IDOdessa, TX

Manhattan, KSLaw rence, KS

Grants Pass, ORLufkin, TX

Roseburg, ORLaw ton, OK

Tw in Falls, IDGrand Junction, CO

Bozeman, MTBrainerd, MN

Aberdeen, WAGrand Forks, ND-MN

St. Joseph, MO-KSKalispell, MT

Missoula, MTSan Angelo, TX

Coeur d'Alene, IDSherman-Denison, TX

Mankato, MNGrand Island, NE

Ames, IAMinot, NDUkiah, CA

Helena, MTRapid City, SD

Longview , WACorvallis, OR

Great Falls, MTIdaho Falls, ID

Wenatchee, WABillings, MT

Bismarck, NDVictoria, TX

La Crosse, WI-MNIow a City, IA

Bend, ORCheyenne, WY

Santa Fe, NMFairbanks, AK

Casper, WYMidland, TX

Western Peer Cities: Per Capita Income Levels in 2007 (2005 dollars)

$31,851

$32,638

$33,366$34,250

$34,664

$36,154

$0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $60,000

Gallup, NMLogan, UT-ID

St. George, UTMuskogee, OKAberdeen, WAStillw ater, OK

Pocatello, IDGrants Pass, OR

Longview , WAFarmington, NM

Tw in Falls, IDSherman-Denison,St. Joseph, MO-KS

Brainerd, MNRoseburg, ORLaw rence, KS

Coeur d'Alene, IDSan Angelo, TX

Odessa, TXLaw ton, OK

Flagstaff, AZMankato, MN

Grand Junction, COUkiah, CALufkin, TX

Wenatchee, WALa Crosse, WI-MN

Grand Island, NEGrand Forks, ND-MN

Idaho Falls, IDMissoula, MT

Ames, IAGreat Falls, MTManhattan, KSFairbanks, AK

Bend, ORVictoria, TX

Kalispell, MTBozeman, MTCorvallis, OR

Rapid City, SDIow a City, IA

Helena, MTMinot, ND

Bismarck, NDBillings, MT

Santa Fe, NMCheyenne, WY

Casper, WYMidland, TX

Western Peer Cities: Median Household Income in 2007 (2005 dollars)

$39,828

$40,396

$42,790

$44,236

$45,469

$47,900

$0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $60,000

Gallup, NMStillw ater, OK

Muskogee, OKGrants Pass, OR

Lufkin, TXManhattan, KSRoseburg, OR

St. Joseph, MO-KSTw in Falls, ID

San Angelo, TXAberdeen, WAGreat Falls, MT

Brainerd, MNUkiah, CA

Missoula, MTLaw ton, OK

Farmington, NMGrand Forks, ND-Grand Island, NE

Odessa, TXPocatello, ID

Rapid City, SDSherman-Denis, TX

Law rence, KSLongview , WA

Kalispell, MTMinot, ND

Wenatchee, WAVictoria, TXHelena, MTCasper, WY

Coeur d'Alene, IDLogan, UT-ID

St. George, UTBillings, MT

La Crosse, WI-MNFlagstaff, AZCorvallis, OR

Ames, IAMankato, MN

Grand Junction, COBozeman, MTIdaho Falls, ID

Midland, TXIow a City, IASanta Fe, NM

Cheyenne, WYBismarck, ND

Bend, ORFairbanks, AK

Western Peer Cities: County-wide Poverty Rates, 2007

10.5

9.7

12.1

12.5

14

16.3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Gallup, NMStillw ater, OK

Manhattan, KSLaw ton, OK

Farmington, NMCorvallis, OR

Grants Pass, ORLufkin, TX

Muskogee, OKMissoula, MTFlagstaff, AZVictoria, TX

San Angelo, TXIow a City, IAOdessa, TX

Grand Forks, ND-MNLaw rence, KSLongview , WA

Ukiah, CAPocatello, ID

St. Joseph, MO-KSSanta Fe, NM

Roseburg, ORAberdeen, WA

Midland, TXAmes, IA

Great Falls, MTLa Crosse, WI-MN

Logan, UT-IDTw in Falls, ID

Sherman-Denison, TXWenatchee, WA

Kalispell, MTRapid City, SDMankato, MN

Bozeman, MTGrand Junction, CO

Grand Island, NECoeur d'Alene, ID

Idaho Falls, IDHelena, MT

Minot, NDCasper, WYBillings, MT

Brainerd, MNBend, OR

St. George, UTCheyenne, WY

Bismarck, NDFairbanks, AK

Western Peer Cities: % of Adult Population College Educated, 2007

20%

24%

26%

29%

32%

38%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Odessa, TXGallup, NM

Aberdeen, WAFarmington, NM

Lufkin, TXLongview , WA

Victoria, TXMuskogee, OK

Grand Island, NESt. Joseph, MO-KS

Roseburg, ORWenatchee, WAGrants Pass, OR

Law ton, OKBrainerd, MN

Casper, WYTw in Falls, ID

Coeur d'Alene, IDSan Angelo, TXSt. George, UT

Sherman-Denison, TXMinot, ND

Great Falls, MTFairbanks, AKMankato, MN

Cheyenne, WYUkiah, CA

Rapid City, SDGrand Junction, CO

Midland, TXPocatello, IDKalispell, MT

Idaho Falls, IDLa Crosse, WI-MN

Billings, MTStillw ater, OK

Bend, ORBismarck, NDLogan, UT-ID

Grand Forks, ND-MNFlagstaff, AZ

Helena, MTManhattan, KSMissoula, MTSanta Fe, NM

Law rence, KSAmes, IA

Corvallis, ORBozeman, MT

Iow a City, IA

Western Peer Cities: % of Adult Population without H.S. Diplomas, 2007

11.7%

11.1%

10.2%10.2%

6.8%

3.3%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Odessa, TXLufkin, TXGallup, NM

Wenatchee, WAMidland, TX

Ukiah, CAVictoria, TX

Farmington, NMGrand Island, NE

Muskogee, OKSan Angelo, TXLongview , WAAberdeen, WA

Santa Fe, NMSherman-Denison, TX

Tw in Falls, IDGrants Pass, OR

Brainerd, MNRoseburg, OR

St. Joseph, MO-KSFlagstaff, AZ

Minot, NDKalispell, MTMankato, MN

Law ton, OKIdaho Falls, ID

Great Falls, MTPocatello, ID

Cheyenne, WYGrand Junction, CO

Billings, MTHelena, MT

Stillw ater, OKRapid City, SD

St. George, UTBismarck, ND

Coeur d'Alene, IDCasper, WY

Bend, ORLa Crosse, WI-MN

Grand Forks, ND-MNFairbanks, AKMissoula, MTLogan, UT-IDCorvallis, OR

Manhattan, KSIow a City, IA

Law rence, KSBozeman, MT

Ames, IA

Employment by SIC Sector in Missoula Co. Over Time

The chart shows levels of total employment – including all full- and part-time jobs - by major SIC sector in Missoula County between 1970 and 2000. Services, along with retail trade, have led growth overall. Services jobs grew from less than 5,000 in 1970 to over 23,000 in 2000 – a more than four-fold increase. Retail trade jobs increased from less than 5,000 to 13,800.

Each of the other sectors have considerably fewer jobs than services and retail trade – all with job totals of less than 5,000.

The large services sector in the SIC codes was split into 9 separate major sectors in the NAICS codes.

Employment by Major Sector Over Time, Missoula County

4,969

9,108

10,845

14,429

23,123

7,191

12,912

8,141

13,806

4,654

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

'69 '72 '75 '78 '81 '84 '87 '90 '93 '96 '99

Source: BEA, U.S. Commerce Dept.

All

full

& p

art-

tim

e em

p

Services

Retail Tr

Fin, Insur RealEst

Transp, Util

State Govt

Construction

Manufacturing

Local Govt

Wholesale Tr

Fed Civil Govt

Ag, for serv

Farm & Ranch

U.S. Military

Mining

SIC Sector Employment Change in Missoula Co. 1970 to 2000

The upper chart shows employment growth over the three decades between 1970 and 2000 by major sector. The lower chart shows how this growth changed the makeup of the area economy.

Employment growth was heavily concentrated in services, and this growth has increased in each successive ten-year period. As a result, services share of total employment rose from less than 20% in 1970 to nearly 35% in 2000. Retail trade employment rose from 18% to almost 21%. Manufacturing fell from 14.4% to 5.6%.

Employment Change by Major Sector by Decade, Missoula Co.

4,078

5,382

8,694

2,771

2,147

4,423

1,134

337

1,5941,187

-444

1,752

1,040

-714-1,000

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

'70-'80 '80-'90 '90-'00

Services

Retail Tr

Fin, Insur Real Est

Transp, Util

State Govt

Construction

Manufacturing

Local Govt

Wholesale Tr

Fed Civil Govt

Ag, for serv

Farm & Ranch

U.S. Military

Mining

Sector Shares of Total Employment Over Time, Missoula Co.

20%

23%

30%

34%

18% 18%20% 21%

6.3% 6.9% 6.4% 6.9%

14.4%

11.8%

9.3%

5.6%5.0%3.9% 2.9% 2.1%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

'70 '80 '90 '00

Services

Retail Tr

Fin, Insur Real Est

Transp, Util

State Govt

Construction

Manufacturing

Local Govt

Wholesale Tr

Fed Civil Govt

Ag, for serv

Farm & Ranch

U.S. Military

Mining