“Would you tell me please, which way I ought to go from here?” asked Alice “That depends a good deal on where you want to get to” said the cat Spectra Interventions “I don’t care much where . . . . .” said Alice Then it doesn’t matter which way you go” said the cat Alice in the Wonderland
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Transcript
“Would you tell me please, which way I ought to go
from here?” asked Alice
“That depends a good deal on where you want to
get to” said the cat
Spectra Interventions
“I don’t care much where . . . . .” said Alice
Then it doesn’t matter which way you go” said
the cat
Alice in the Wonderland
Forces for Change• Nature of workforce – Diversity, skill levels
• Technology – Speed, virtual office, BPR
• Economy – Oil prices, War
• Competition- Global, e-commerce, M & A
• Social trends – Late marriages, single child, DINK
• Political scenario – China, Russia, Middle east
Spectra Interventions
Brief History of Change:
• Frederick Taylor 1911 Scientific Management
• Max Weber 1920 Classical Administrative Theory• Max Weber 1920 Classical Administrative Theory
• Chester Bernard 1938 Human Relations School
• Deming Juran 1949 T Q M
• Hammer Champy 1993 B P R
The Leavitt Model
People
Task
Technology
Spectra Interventions
Structure
Organization as four interacting variables
The Transactional Factors Involved in First order Change
Structure
Management
Practices
Systems
Work Unit
Climate
Spectra Interventions
MotivationTask Needs & Individual Skill
Individual Needs & Values
Ind & Org
Performance
The Transformational Factors Involved in Second order Change
External Environment
Leadership
Spectra Interventions
Mission and Strategy
LeadershipOrganization
Culture
Ind & Org Performance
A Force Field Analysis Diagram
Kurt LewinUnderstanding Dynamics of Change
Driving Forces
Spectra Interventions
Change Event
Restraining Forces
Desired Conditions
Restraining Forces
Spectra Interventions
Before Change After Change
Current Conditions
Driving Forces
Kurt Lewin’s Model of Change
Unfreeze Change Freeze
Creating Helping to Changing thru
Spectra Interventions
Creating Motivation and Readiness to Change
•Create anxiety
• Provide for psychological safety
Helping to integrate new points of view
•Practice new ways and models
Changing thru Cognitive Restructuring
•Helping to see, feel, judge and react to things differently