PowerPoint Presentation
IntroductionChandrayaan-2 is India's second lunar exploration
mission. Developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation
(ISRO), the mission is planned to be launched to the Moon by a
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV),includes a lunar
orbiter, a lander and a lunar rover, all developed by India. India
is gearing up to launch Chandrayaan-2 by end of 2016 or beginning
of 2017.The wheeled rover will move on the lunar surface and will
pick up soil or rock samples for on-site chemical analysis. The
data will be relayed to Earth through the Chandrayaan-2
orbiter.
OrbiterISRO will design the orbiter, which will orbit the Moon
at an altitude of 200 km.The mission would carry five instruments
on the orbiter. Three of them are new, while two others are
improved versions of those flown on Chandrayaan-1 orbiter. The
approximate launch mass will be 1,400 kg.
LanderUnlike Chandrayaan-1's lunar probe, which impacted the
Moon's surface, the lander will make a soft landing.The approximate
mass of the lander and rover is 1,250 kg. Initially, the lander was
slated to be developed by Russia in collaboration with India. When
Russia stated its inability provide the lander to meet even the
revised time frame of 2015, Indian officials decided to develop the
lander independently. The cancellation of the Russian lander also
meant that mission profile had to be changed. The design of the
indigenous lander and the preliminary configuration study has been
completed by the Space Applications Centre (SAC) in Ahmedabad
RoverThe rover's mass will be about 30100 kg and will operate on
solar power. The rover will move on wheels on the lunar surface,
pick up samples of soil or rocks, perform on-site chemical analysis
and send the data to the orbiter above, which will relay it to the
Earth station.The initial plan was for the rover to be designed in
Russia and fabricated in India. However, Russia gave up in May 2010
on its plan on designing the rover.Subsequently, ISRO decided on
designing and fabricating the rover. IIT Kanpur is developing three
subsystems to provide mobility:Stereophonic camera based 3D vision
- will provide the ground team controlling the rovers a 3D view of
the surrounding terrain.Kinematic traction control - will enable
the rover to negotiate the rough lunar terrain using independent
steering provided on four of its wheels. Control and motor dynamics
- The rover will have six wheels, each driven by an independent
electric motor. Four of the wheels will also be capable of
independent steering. A total of 10 electric motors will be used
for traction and steering.
PayloadOrbiter payloadLarge Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer (CLASS)
from ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC), Bangalore and Solar X-ray
monitor (XSM) from Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Ahmedabad
for mapping major elements present on the lunar surface.L and S
band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) from Space Applications Centre
(SAC), Ahmedabad for probing the first few tens of meters of the
lunar surface for the presence of different constituents, including
water ice. Imaging IR Spectrometer (IIRS) from SAC, Ahmedabad for
mapping of lunar surface over a wide wavelength range for the study
of minerals, water molecules and hydroxyl present.Neutral Mass
Spectrometer (ChACE-2) from Space Physics Laboratory (SPL),
Thiruvananthapuram to carry out a detailed study of the lunar
exosphere.Terrain Mapping Camera-2 (TMC-2) from SAC, Ahmedabad for
preparing a three-dimensional map essential for studying the lunar
mineralogy and geology.Rover payloadLaser induced Breakdown
Spectroscope (LIBS) from Laboratory for Electro Optic Systems
(LEOS), Bangalore. Alpha Particle Induced X-ray Spectroscope
(APIXS) from PRL, Ahmedabad.There are plans to include a
seismometer to study Moon-quakes.