Application-Aware Networking Service-Oriented Networking Literature Review: Internet Server Design Performance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms Conclusions and Future Work Challenges in Service-Oriented Networking Bob Callaway North Carolina State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ph.D Qualifying Examination April 14, 2006 Advisory Committee: Dr. Michael Devetsikiotis, Dr. Yannis Viniotis, Dr. Harry Perros, Dr. Andy Rindos, Dr. Adolfo Rodriguez, Dr. Mihail Sichitiu Bob Callaway Challenges in Service-Oriented Networking 1 of 38
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Active NetworksOverlay NetworksLacking an Open Standard for Data InteroperabilityXML: A Standard for Data Interoperability
What is Application-Aware Networking?
Definition
Application-aware networking is an emerging technology thatpromises to provide increased end-to-end system performance fornext-generation applications and networks by providing differentialtreatment of traffic dependent on application data
Why do we need it?
Application performance is limiting factor in improvingend-to-end performance
Integration of heterogeneous distributed systems is difficultand costly
Complex algorithms are needed to secure enterpriseapplications
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Active NetworksOverlay NetworksLacking an Open Standard for Data InteroperabilityXML: A Standard for Data Interoperability
Active Networks
Overview
Attempted to add application layer functionality by executinguser-supplied bytecode in “smart” packets in specific activenodes (programmable routers, switches)
Suffers from issues of security, resource allocation,performance, and cost of deployment
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Active NetworksOverlay NetworksLacking an Open Standard for Data InteroperabilityXML: A Standard for Data Interoperability
Overlay Networks
Overview
Consist of peer nodes that self-organize into a distributed data structurebased on application criteria
Goals are to alleviate the effects of slow or sporadic deployment of newservices in the Internet, and to directly provide application-levelfunctionality that is out-of-scope for the underlying network
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Active NetworksOverlay NetworksLacking an Open Standard for Data InteroperabilityXML: A Standard for Data Interoperability
The Extensible Markup Language (XML)
What is XML?
XML is an open standard for representing self-describingapplication data in a textual format, enabling heterogeneoussystems to easily operate on the data
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080
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<xml version="1.0">
<book>
<title>Green Eggs and Ham</title>
<author>Dr. Seuss</author>
</book>
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Service-Oriented ArchitecturesNetwork Service Intermediaries
Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)
What is an ESB?
An ESB virtualizes the enterprise resources, allowing thebusiness logic of the enterprise to be developed and managedindependently of the infrastructure, network, and provision ofthose business services
The main functions of an ESB are to convert underlyingtransport protocols, transform message formats, andintelligently route requests made to services within an SOA
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Service-Oriented ArchitecturesNetwork Service Intermediaries
Service-Oriented Networking (SON)
What is SON?
SON enables application-awareness in the network,overcoming the previous limitations and constraints imposedby active and overlay networks, to improve performance andease the integration of heterogeneous systems withinservice-oriented environments
What benefits does SON provide?
Service Virtualization
Locality Exploitation
Increased Manageability
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Service-Oriented ArchitecturesNetwork Service Intermediaries
Network Service Intermediaries (NSI)
What is an NSI?
Network service intermediaries(NSI) are XML-enabledapplication-aware networkappliances which are configuredwith accelerated hardware foroptimized security and XMLoperations
Examples of NSI
DataPower XI50
Cisco AON Blade
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Service-Oriented ArchitecturesNetwork Service Intermediaries
NSI - Architectural Design Goals
Architectural Design Goals
If the execution architecture is poorly implemented orarchitected, the NSI will become a bottleneck for theinfrastructure and will actually degrade the performance ofthe overall system
We define three goals for the NSI architecture: scalability,robustness, and adaptivity
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Admission ControlConcurrency Mechanisms
Keys to Scalability, Robustness, and Adaptivity
Important Architectural Components
Admission Control Algorithms
Explicitly enumerate the process of admitting (and denying)requests according to specified criteria in order to ensure thatthe protected resource is never overloaded
Concurrency Mechanisms
Operating system structures designed to provide thevirtualization that multiple programs can be executedsimultaneously on a single processorManage how multiple programs can compete for the sharedprocessor
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Admission ControlConcurrency Mechanisms
Admission Control
History of Admission Control
The initial surge in research on admission control techniquesbegan with the popularity of connection-oriented networkssuch as ATM networks
Admission control algorithms for the application layer beganto appear, due to the increasing popularity of mission-criticalapplications such as e-commerce are deployed on servers thatare subject to a dynamic and complex workload
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Conclusions
Conclusions
The adoption of XML and acceptance of Web Services and SOAhave enabled network components to make intelligent decisionsbased on application data
Our review of the Internet server design literature provides insightinto two large components of a scalable, robust, and adaptive NSI:admission control and concurrency mechanisms
Our experiments validated our intuition and emphasized theimportance of concurrency mechanisms in the overall performanceof an NSI
We believe that SON provides exciting new multidisciplinaryresearch opportunities in service-oriented computing, hardware,software, and networking which could have dramatic effects on thedevelopment of emerging network services
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Literature Review: Internet Server DesignPerformance Analysis of Different Concurrency Mechanisms
Conclusions and Future Work
Future Work and Publications
Future Work
An adaptive and hybrid concurrency mechanism that usesonline measurements to determine the correct concurrencymechanism for each component and for the system as a whole
Admission control that balances the complex tradeoff betweensystem utilization and performance
Investigating how SON affects other architectures, such asgrid computing or P2P systems
PublicationsR. D. Callaway, A. Rodriguez, M. Devetsikiotis, and G. Cuomo.”Challenges in Service-Oriented Networking”, Submitted to 49th Annual IEEEGlobal Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 2006).
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