Harnessing Brain Plasticity Adam Gazzaley, MD PhD Professor - Neurology, Physiology and Psychiatry Director- Gazzaley Lab, Neuroscape Lab Neuroscience Imaging Center University of California, San Francisco Akili Interactive Labs Co-founder and Chief Science Advisor Pending patents: “Enhancing Cognition in the Presence of Distraction and/or Interruption” “Method of Suppressing Irrelevant Stimuli” “Methods of EnhancingPerformance on a Cognitive TaskBy Improved Self-Regulationof Internal Distractionand Computer Readable Medium and Devicesfor Practicing the Same” “Methods of Enhancing Cognition and Systems for Practicing the Same” Disclosures Challenge Develop an effective approach to enhance cognition in both healthy and impaired individuals • Poor characterization • Poor targeting • Non-personalized • Unimodal • Open Loop 60 year old with mild cognitive impairment This is just not good enough o g g g g g g g g g g g g g o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ot ot ot ot ot ot ot ot ot ot ot o ot ot ot ot t t o ot ot o ot ot ot ot t o o t o o o g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g Current Approach
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Harnessing Brain Plasticity
Adam Gazzaley, MD PhD
Professor - Neurology, Physiology and PsychiatryDirector- Gazzaley Lab, Neuroscape Lab
Neuroscience Imaging CenterUniversity of California, San Francisco
Akili Interactive Labs
Co-founder and Chief Science Advisor
Pending patents:
“Enhancing Cognition in the Presence of Distraction and/or Interruption”
“Method of Suppressing Irrelevant Stimuli”
“Methods of Enhancing Performance on a Cognitive Task By Improved Self-Regulation of Internal Distraction and
Computer Readable Medium and Devices for Practicing the Same”
“Methods of Enhancing Cognition and Systems for Practicing the Same”
Disclosures
Challenge
Develop an effective approach to enhance cognition
in both healthy and impaired individuals
• Poor characterization
• Poor targeting
• Non-personalized
• Unimodal
• Open Loop
60 year old with mild cognitive impairment
This is just not good enough nototototototototototototototototototototototototototototot g g g g g g g g g g g g g goooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooootototototototototototototototototototototototototototototototototot g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Current Approach
Create a New Approach
closed-loop
targeted
personalized
multimodal
fMRI EEG TMSEEEEGGfMfMRIRI
Create a New Approach
Step 1: Understand the target
Our mental abilities that allow us to dynamically interact with our
complex environment based on our goals
Cognitive Control
Attention Working Memory
Goal Management
Early sensory processing modulation mediated by prefrontal cortical networks
Declines as we age
- Gazzaley et al. Cerebral Cortex (2007)
- Wais et al. Journal of Neuroscience (2010)
- Zanto et al. Nature Neuroscience (2011)
- Gazzaley, et al. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)
- Clapp, Rubens and Gazzaley Cerebral Cortex (2010)
- Berry et al. Journal of Neurophysiology (2009)
- Zanto & Gazzaley Journal of Neuroscience (2010)
- Rutman et al. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2009)
- Chadick & Gazzaley Nature Neuroscience (2011)
- Wais & Gazzaley Psychonomic Bulletin and Review (2011)
- Wais, Kim & Gazzaley Cerebral Cortex ((2011)
- Mishra & Gazzaley Journal of Neuroscience (2012)
- Zanto, Rubens & Gazzaley Neuroimage (2010)
Gazzaley Neuropsychologia (2011) Gazzaley Principles of Frontal Lobe Function (2011)
Akili Interactive Labs Co-founder and Chief Science Advisor
Patent-pending: “Enhancing Cognition in the Presence of Distraction and/or Interruption”
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! Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)• Scott Kollins, Duke University / Andrew Cutler, FLCRC
Patent-pending: “Enhancing Cognition in the Presence of Distraction and/or Interruption”
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Physical / Cognitive
Body-Brain Trainer
Collaborators: Anthony Luke & Christian ThompsonGame Developer Leads: Ty Clark & Roger Anguera
Rhythm
Rhythmicity
Collaborator: Mickey HartGame Developer Lead: Studio Bee
Distributed Attention
Virtual Attention
Internal Attention
Meditrain
Collaborator: Jack KornfieldGame Developer Lead: Zynga