Ch5anxiety2

Features and Epidemiology

Causes and Prevention

Assessment and Treatment

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

• Physical symptoms

• Thoughts

• Behaviors

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

• Uncued panic attacks– AND:– Worry about panic attacks– Change in behavior

• With or without agoraphobia• Click to see example video:

– panic disorder video part 1

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Significant interference with daily living or functioning or marked distress about

having the disorder

Marked and persistent fear of social or performance situations and fear of acting

in a way that causes personal humiliation or embarrassment

Exposure to the feared social situation causes anxiety that may come in the form

of a situationally bound or predisposed panic attack

Recognition that the fear is excessive or unreasonable

Feared social or performance situations are avoided or endured with intense anxiety

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

• Intense fear

• Avoidance

• Impairment of

functioning

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Muscle Tension

Sleep Disturbance

Restlessness

Easily Fatigued

Trouble Concentrating

Irritability

Extreme, persistent, uncontrollable worry, plus:

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

• Obsessions

AND/OR

• Compulsions

Last more than one hour per day

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

• Re-experiencing

• Avoidance and/or detachment

• Physical arousal

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Prevalence Rate

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Any Anxiety Disorder28.8

18.1

Generalized Anxiety Disorder5.7

3.1

12.5

8.7Specific Phobia

Agoraphobia without Panic.8

1.4

Panic Disorder2.7

4.7

Lifetime prevalence

rate

12-month prevalence

rate

Social Anxiety Disorder12.1

6.8

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder6.8

3.5

Separation Anxiety Disorder.9

5.2

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder1.6

1.0

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Amygdala

Prefrontal cortex Basal ganglia

Caudate nucleus

Thalamus

Anterior cingulate

Bed nucleus of stria

terminalis

Septal-hippocampal system

Locus coeruleus

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Biological vulnerabilities/early predispositions: (Genetic contributions,

brain and neurochemical changes, behavioral inhibition

Early problematic interactions with anxious parents: (Poor attachment, social and play isolation, parental withdrawal of child from

social activities)

Difficulties in elementary school: (Modeling of avoidance, poor development of social and coping skills, failure to master social and evaluative

anxiety/sense

of lack of control)

Difficulties in middle and high school: (Trouble making friendships or cooperating

in team projects, social rejection, increased anxiety in social and evaluative situations, increased social avoidance and isolation, excessive

worry about future social and evaluative situations)

Possible social anxiety disorder

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Benzodiazepines

Antidepressants

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

Examining the Evidence

Hypothesis Testing

Decatastophizing

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment

• Systematic desensitization

• Flooding

• Interoceptive exposure

• Click for video case study of treatment for panic disorder:

• panic disorder video part 2

Features and

Epidemiology

Causes and

Prevention

Assessment and

Treatment