Afro-Brazilian Musical Afro-Brazilian Musical Traditions Traditions
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Afro-Brazilian Musical Afro-Brazilian Musical TraditionsTraditions
Afro-Brazilian Musical Afro-Brazilian Musical TraditionsTraditions
Conceptualizing Afro-Conceptualizing Afro-Brazilian Musical CultureBrazilian Musical Culture
Conceptualizing Afro-Conceptualizing Afro-Brazilian Musical CultureBrazilian Musical Culture
Contested Terrain Sites of Resistance Appropriation and Nationalization
Defining African HeritageDefining African Heritagein Afro-Brazilian Traditionsin Afro-Brazilian TraditionsDefining African HeritageDefining African Heritage
in Afro-Brazilian Traditionsin Afro-Brazilian Traditions
Common Model– Transplanted African traditions (without
modification) – Development of Neo-African Brazilian
traditions– Mixture of African and European elements
create new hybrid Brazilian forms
African Identity and African Identity and Afro-Brazilian ReligionAfro-Brazilian Religion
African Identity and African Identity and Afro-Brazilian ReligionAfro-Brazilian Religion
Candomblé as Matrix of Africanness Universal African Identity Cultural Competency
– Singing– Dancing– Drumming
CandombléCandombléCandombléCandomblé
Orixás and Voduns African Nations
– Ketu (Yoruba)– Ijexá (Yoruba)– Nagô (Yoruba)– Gêge (Ewe-Fon)– Congo-Angola (Bantu)
CandombléCandombléAesthetics of ParticipationAesthetics of Participation
CandombléCandombléAesthetics of ParticipationAesthetics of Participation
Participatory religious experience– Singing, Dancing, Drumming– Spirit possession
Universalist African identity
Abassa Igibale Abassa Igibale Candomblé House in RecifeCandomblé House in Recife
Abassa Igibale Abassa Igibale Candomblé House in RecifeCandomblé House in Recife
Festa/Toque (public celebration) Lula de Oiyá (Babalorixá) Ogans (Drummers) Spirit Possession
Festa/Toque de Festa/Toque de
CandombléCandomblé Festa/Toque de Festa/Toque de
CandombléCandomblé
Lula de OiyáLula de OiyáBabalorixáBabalorixá
Lula de OiyáLula de OiyáBabalorixáBabalorixá
Ogan DrummersOgan DrummersOgan DrummersOgan Drummers
AgbeAgbe
AtabaqueAtabaque
Spirit Spirit PossessionPossessionSpirit Spirit PossessionPossession
Music of CandombléMusic of Candomblé Canon of Africanness Canon of AfricannessMusic of CandombléMusic of Candomblé
Canon of Africanness Canon of Africanness
Acoustic Texture– Drums and percussion– Solo and responsorial chorus singing
Dancing
Candomblé SongCandomblé SongCandomblé SongCandomblé Song
Afoxé and MaracatuAfoxé and MaracatuAfoxé and MaracatuAfoxé and Maracatu
Two Afro-Brazilian Carnival Traditions– Afoxé (Salvador da Bahia)– Maracatu (Recife, Pernambuco)
African Consciousness State Intervention and Repression
Afoxés in BahiaAfoxés in BahiaAfoxés in BahiaAfoxés in Bahia
1890s--Small and Large Parading Groups 1900s--Prohibition 1930s--Resurgence 1949--Filhos de Gandhi 1970s--Revitalization
Filhos de GandhiFilhos de GandhiFilhos de GandhiFilhos de Gandhi
Founded 1949 From bloco to afoxé Ijexá rhythm
WebSite WebSite2
Maracatus in RecifeMaracatus in RecifeMaracatus in RecifeMaracatus in Recife
Our queen has been crowned Our queen has been crowned Our king came from MinaOur king came from Mina
Maracatu’s Historical OutlineMaracatu’s Historical OutlineMaracatu’s Historical OutlineMaracatu’s Historical Outline
Crowning Black Kings Rei de Congo/Angola (colonial)– Black Catholic Brotherhoods– Processions and Festivities– African and European cultural mixing– Afro-Brazilian Religious Houses and Nações (Nations)
Maracatu (19th century)– Unlawful gathering of blacks– Disorderly conduct – Loud “African” drumming and singing
Maracatu in Carnival (1890s-)– Codified as African Carnival Practice– Instrumentation, musical style, structure set
Maracatu and CarnivalMaracatu and CarnivalMaracatu and CarnivalMaracatu and Carnival
Linked to Candomblé houses Conceptualized as African Nations Codified in structure and musical style
by about 1900
Maracatu’s Royal EntourageMaracatu’s Royal EntourageMaracatu’s Royal EntourageMaracatu’s Royal Entourage
King/Queen Prince/Princess Duke/Dutchess Damas do Paço (Palace Ladies) Slaves Caboclos (Indians) Baianas (Female initiates of Candomblé) Batuqueiros (Percussionists)
King and QueenKing and QueenKing and QueenKing and Queen
Dama do PaçoDama do PaçoCalungaCalunga
BatuqueirosBatuqueirosBatuqueirosBatuqueiros
AlfaiaAlfaia
GonguêGonguê
Nação Porto RicoNação Porto Rico
Carnival 2001Carnival 2001 Nação Porto RicoNação Porto Rico
Carnival 2001Carnival 2001
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