Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

- In A.D. 1605, English fisherman captured a Native called, Squanto, and brought him back to England where he learned English

- When he returned to America in A.D. 1619, he helped the English colonists survive in New England

Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

- In the early 1500s, King Henry VIII officially broke away from the Catholic Church and established the Church of England (Anglican)

- Puritans left England to escape bad treatment from King James I

The Voyage of the Mayflower

- Separatists called for a total break with the Church of England & they thought it was too much like the Catholic Church

- Pilgrims were a separatist group who rejected the English Church and moved to Holland (The Netherlands)

Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

- the Pilgrims wanted to come to the Americas to start new

- in November of A.D.1620, their ship called the Mayflower landed at Plymouth Rock in present-day Massachusetts

- because they landed on a place outside of the Virginia Company’s charter, they all signed the Mayflower Compact, which was an agreement to obey all laws

Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

- after a harsh winter where half of the Pilgrims died by Spring, they met Samoset who introduces them to Squanto

- Squanto teaches them to negotiate a peace treaty with the Native Americans, plant crops, fish, and acts as their interpreter

- the Pilgrims hold a three day feast called “Thanksgiving” to celebrate their peace with the Natives

The Pilgrims Found Plymouth

- soon more people would sail to New England for freedom

Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

- by the thousands, the Puritans left England for the Americas to “purify” the English Church in what is called the Great Migration

The Puritans Come to Massachusetts Bay

- they created a commonwealth, which was a community where people work together for a common good

- all children had to learn to read the Bible

- the “New England Way”

Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

The New England Colonies

Location Leader Contributions

Massachusetts Bay Colony

John Winthrop - General court makes laws- only male church members can

vote

Rhode IslandRoger Williams (kicked out of

Massachusetts)

- separation of church and state- 1st Baptist Church

Connecticut Thomas Hooker - Wrote “Fundamental Orders” (a constitution)

New Hampshire John Wheelwright - established the town of Exeter

Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

Challenges to Puritan Leaders

- The Quakers challenged the Massachusetts commonwealth and were eventually kicked out of Massachusetts, so they moved to Rhode Island

- they believed in non-violence, equality, and using an “inner light” to directly find God

Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies

King Philip’s War

- Continual conflict over land resulted in war by A.D. 1675-1676

- The Puritans eventually fought against the Wampanoag tribe and their leader, Metacom (also called King Philip)