ch16

Halliday/Resnick/WalkerFundamentals of Physics 8th edition

Classroom Response System Questions

Chapter 16 Waves I

Interactive Lecture Questions

16.3.1. A transverse wave is traveling along a Slinky. The drawing below represents a section of the Slinky at one instant in time. The direction the wave is traveling is from left to right. Two segments are labeled on the Slinky. At the instant shown, which of the following statements correctly describes the motion of the particles that compose the Slinky in segments A and B?

a) In segment A the particles are moving downward and in segment B the particles are moving upward.

b) In segment A the particles are moving upward and in segment B the particles are moving upward.

c) In segment A the particles are moving downward and in segment B the particles are moving downward.

d) In segment A the particles are moving upward and in segment B the particles are moving downward.

e) In segment A the particles are moving toward the left and in segment B the particles are moving toward the right.

16.3.1. A transverse wave is traveling along a Slinky. The drawing below represents a section of the Slinky at one instant in time. The direction the wave is traveling is from left to right. Two segments are labeled on the Slinky. At the instant shown, which of the following statements correctly describes the motion of the particles that compose the Slinky in segments A and B?

a) In segment A the particles are moving downward and in segment B the particles are moving upward.

b) In segment A the particles are moving upward and in segment B the particles are moving upward.

c) In segment A the particles are moving downward and in segment B the particles are moving downward.

d) In segment A the particles are moving upward and in segment B the particles are moving downward.

e) In segment A the particles are moving toward the left and in segment B the particles are moving toward the right.

16.3.2. Mike is holding one end of a Slinky. His hand moves up and down and causes a transverse wave to travel along the Slinky away from him. Is the motion of Mike’s hand a wave?

a) Yes, the motion of Mike’s hand is a wave because it moves up and down in periodic motion.

b) Yes, the motion of Mike’s hand is a wave because Mike is transferring energy to the Slinky.

c) No, the motion of Mike’s hand is not a wave because there is no traveling disturbance.

d) No, the motion of Mike’s hand is not a wave because there is no energy traveling along the Slinky.

16.3.2. Mike is holding one end of a Slinky. His hand moves up and down and causes a transverse wave to travel along the Slinky away from him. Is the motion of Mike’s hand a wave?

a) Yes, the motion of Mike’s hand is a wave because it moves up and down in periodic motion.

b) Yes, the motion of Mike’s hand is a wave because Mike is transferring energy to the Slinky.

c) No, the motion of Mike’s hand is not a wave because there is no traveling disturbance.

d) No, the motion of Mike’s hand is not a wave because there is no energy traveling along the Slinky.

16.4.1. Jimmy and Jenny are floating on a quiet river using giant doughnut-shaped tubes. At one point, they are 5.0 m apart when a speed boat passes. After the boat passes, they begin bobbing up and down at a frequency of 0.25 Hz. Just as Jenny reaches her highest level, Jimmy is at his lowest level. As it happens, Jenny and Jimmy are always within one wavelength. What is the speed of these waves?

a) 1.3 m/s

b) 2.5 m/s

c) 3.8 m/s

d) 5.0 m/s

e) 7.5 m/s

16.4.1. Jimmy and Jenny are floating on a quiet river using giant doughnut-shaped tubes. At one point, they are 5.0 m apart when a speed boat passes. After the boat passes, they begin bobbing up and down at a frequency of 0.25 Hz. Just as Jenny reaches her highest level, Jimmy is at his lowest level. As it happens, Jenny and Jimmy are always within one wavelength. What is the speed of these waves?

a) 1.3 m/s

b) 2.5 m/s

c) 3.8 m/s

d) 5.0 m/s

e) 7.5 m/s

16.4.2. The drawing shows the vertical position of points along a string versus distance as a wave travels along the string. Six points on the wave are labeled A, B, C, D, E, and F. Between which two points is the length of the segment equal to one wavelength?

a) A to E

b) B to D

c) A to C

d) A to F

e) C to F

16.4.2. The drawing shows the vertical position of points along a string versus distance as a wave travels along the string. Six points on the wave are labeled A, B, C, D, E, and F. Between which two points is the length of the segment equal to one wavelength?

a) A to E

b) B to D

c) A to C

d) A to F

e) C to F

16.4.3. A longitudinal wave with an amplitude of 0.02 m moves horizontally along a Slinky with a speed of 2 m/s. Which one of the following statements concerning this wave is true?

a) Each particle in the Slinky moves a distance of 2 m each second.

b) Each particle in the Slinky moves a vertical distance of 0.04 m during each period of the wave.

c) Each particle in the Slinky moves a horizontal distance of 0.04 m during each period of the wave.

d) Each particle in the Slinky moves a vertical distance of 0.02 m during each period of the wave.

e) Each particle in the Slinky has a wavelength of 0.04 m.

16.4.3. A longitudinal wave with an amplitude of 0.02 m moves horizontally along a Slinky with a speed of 2 m/s. Which one of the following statements concerning this wave is true?

a) Each particle in the Slinky moves a distance of 2 m each second.

b) Each particle in the Slinky moves a vertical distance of 0.04 m during each period of the wave.

c) Each particle in the Slinky moves a horizontal distance of 0.04 m during each period of the wave.

d) Each particle in the Slinky moves a vertical distance of 0.02 m during each period of the wave.

e) Each particle in the Slinky has a wavelength of 0.04 m.

16.4.4. A sound wave is being emitted from a speaker with a frequency f and an amplitude A. The sound waves travel at a constant speed of 343 m/s in air. Which one of the following actions would reduce the wavelength of the sound waves to one half of their initial value?

a) increase the frequency to 2f

b) increase the amplitude to 2A

c) decrease the frequency to f /4

d) decrease the frequency to f /2

e) decrease the amplitude to A /2

16.4.4. A sound wave is being emitted from a speaker with a frequency f and an amplitude A. The sound waves travel at a constant speed of 343 m/s in air. Which one of the following actions would reduce the wavelength of the sound waves to one half of their initial value?

a) increase the frequency to 2f

b) increase the amplitude to 2A

c) decrease the frequency to f /4

d) decrease the frequency to f /2

e) decrease the amplitude to A /2

16.4.5. Which one of the following statements correctly describes the wave given as this equation:, where distances are measured in cm and time is measured in ms?

a) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 3 cm and a wavelength of /2 cm.

b) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 4 cm and a wavelength of cm.

c) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 3 cm and a wavelength of cm.

d) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 2 cm and a wavelength of cm.

e) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 6 cm and a wavelength of /2 cm.

16.4.5. Which one of the following statements correctly describes the wave given as this equation:, where distances are measured in cm and time is measured in ms?

a) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 3 cm and a wavelength of /2 cm.

b) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 4 cm and a wavelength of cm.

c) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 3 cm and a wavelength of cm.

d) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 2 cm and a wavelength of cm.

e) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with an amplitude of 6 cm and a wavelength of /2 cm.

16.5.1. A radio station broadcasts its radio signal at a frequency of 101.5 MHz. The signals travel radially outward from a tower at the speed of light. Which one of the following equations represents this wave if t is expressed in seconds and x is expressed in meters?

a) y = 150 sin[(6.377 108)t (2.123)x]

b) y = 150 sin[(637.7)t (2.961)x]

c) y = 150 sin[(6.283 106)t (2.961 103)x]

d) y = 150 sin[(101.5 106)t (2.961)x]

e) y = 150 sin[(101.5 106)t (2.123)x]

16.5.1. A radio station broadcasts its radio signal at a frequency of 101.5 MHz. The signals travel radially outward from a tower at the speed of light. Which one of the following equations represents this wave if t is expressed in seconds and x is expressed in meters?

a) y = 150 sin[(6.377 108)t (2.123)x]

b) y = 150 sin[(637.7)t (2.961)x]

c) y = 150 sin[(6.283 106)t (2.961 103)x]

d) y = 150 sin[(101.5 106)t (2.961)x]

e) y = 150 sin[(101.5 106)t (2.123)x]

16.5.2. The equation for a certain wave is y = 4.0 sin [2(2.5t + 0.14x)] where y and x are measured in meters and t is measured in seconds. What is the magnitude and direction of the velocity of this wave?

a) 1.8 m/s in the +x direction

b) 1.8 m/s in the x direction

c) 18 m/s in the x direction

d) 7.2 m/s in the +x direction

e) 0.35 m/s in the x direction

16.5.2. The equation for a certain wave is y = 4.0 sin [2(2.5t + 0.14x)] where y and x are measured in meters and t is measured in seconds. What is the magnitude and direction of the velocity of this wave?

a) 1.8 m/s in the +x direction

b) 1.8 m/s in the x direction

c) 18 m/s in the x direction

d) 7.2 m/s in the +x direction

e) 0.35 m/s in the x direction

16.5.3. Which one of the following correctly describes a wave described by y = 2.0 sin(3.0x 2.0t) where y and x are measured in meters and t is measured in seconds?

a) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with a frequency 6 Hz and a wavelength 3 m.

b) The wave is traveling in the x direction with a frequency 4 Hz and a wavelength /3 m.

c) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with a frequency Hz and a wavelength 3 m.

d) The wave is traveling in the x direction with a frequency 4 Hz and a wavelength m.

e) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with a frequency 6 Hz and a wavelength /3 m.

16.5.3. Which one of the following correctly describes a wave described by y = 2.0 sin(3.0x 2.0t) where y and x are measured in meters and t is measured in seconds?

a) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with a frequency 6 Hz and a wavelength 3 m.

b) The wave is traveling in the x direction with a frequency 4 Hz and a wavelength /3 m.

c) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with a frequency Hz and a wavelength 3 m.

d) The wave is traveling in the x direction with a frequency 4 Hz and a wavelength m.

e) The wave is traveling in the +x direction with a frequency 6 Hz and a wavelength /3 m.

16.6.1. The tension of a guitar string in increased by a factor of 4. How does the speed of a wave on the string increase, if at all?

a) The speed of a wave is reduced to one-fourth the value it had before the increase in tension.

b) The speed of a wave is reduced to one-half the value it had before the increase in tension.

c) The speed of a wave remains the same as before the increase in tension.

d) The speed of a wave is increased to two times the value it had before the increase in tension.

e) The speed of a wave is increased to four times the value it had before the increase in tension.

16.6.1. The tension of a guitar string in increased by a factor of 4. How does the speed of a wave on the string increase, if at all?

a) The speed of a wave is reduced to one-fourth the value it had before the increase in tension.

b) The speed of a wave is reduced to one-half the value it had before the increase in tension.

c) The speed of a wave remains the same as before the increase in tension.

d) The speed of a wave is increased to two times the value it had before the increase in tension.

e) The speed of a wave is increased to four times the value it had before the increase in tension.

16.6.2. Two identical strings each have one end attached to a wall. The other ends are each attached to a separate spool that allows the tension of each string to be changed independently. Consider each of the waves shown. Which one of the following statements is true if the frequency and amplitude of the waves is the same?

a) The tension in the string on which wave A is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave D is traveling.

b) The tension in the string on which wave B is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave D is traveling.

c) The tension in the string on which wave B is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave A is traveling.

d) The tension in the string on which wave D is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave A is traveling.

e) The tension in the string on which wave C is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave B is traveling.

16.6.2. Two identical strings each have one end attached to a wall. The other ends are each attached to a separate spool that allows the tension of each string to be changed independently. Consider each of the waves shown. Which one of the following statements is true if the frequency and amplitude of the waves is the same?

a) The tension in the string on which wave A is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave D is traveling.

b) The tension in the string on which wave B is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave D is traveling.

c) The tension in the string on which wave B is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave A is traveling.

d) The tension in the string on which wave D is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave A is traveling.

e) The tension in the string on which wave C is traveling is four times that in the string on which wave B is traveling.

16.6.3. A climbing rope is hanging from the ceiling in a gymnasium. A student grabs the end of the rope and begins moving it back and forth with a constant amplitude and frequency. A transverse wave moves up the rope. Which of the following statements describing the speed of the wave is true?

a) The speed of the wave decreases as it moves upward.

b) The speed of the wave increases as it moves upward.

c) The speed of the wave is constant as it moves upward.

d) The speed of the wave does not depend on the mass of the rope.

e) The speed of the wave depends on its amplitude.

16.6.3. A climbing rope is hanging from the ceiling in a gymnasium. A student grabs the end of the rope and begins moving it back and forth with a constant amplitude and frequency. A transverse wave moves up the rope. Which of the following statements describing the speed of the wave is true?

a) The speed of the wave decreases as it moves upward.

b) The speed of the wave increases as it moves upward.

c) The speed of the wave is constant as it moves upward.

d) The speed of the wave does not depend on the mass of the rope.

e) The speed of the wave depends on its amplitude.

16.6.4. When a wire is stretched by a force F, the speed of a traveling wave is v. What is the speed of the wave on the wire when the force is doubled to 2F?

a) v

b) 2v

c) 4v

d)

e)

2v

2/v

16.6.4. When a wire is stretched by a force F, the speed of a traveling wave is v. What is the speed of the wave on the wire when the force is doubled to 2F?

a) v

b) 2v

c) 4v

d)

e)

2v

2/v

16.7.1. A tsunami is a fast moving ocean wave train that is produced during an earthquake. Consider such a wave initiated at center of the earthquake off the western coast of South America that reaches the Hawaiian Islands within 15 hours. Which one of the following statements concerning the tsunami is correct?

a) The tsunami carried water from the earthquake center to Hawaii, but it did not carry energy to Hawaii from South America.

b) The tsunami carried energy and water from the earthquake center to Hawaii.

c) The tsunami carried energy from the earthquake center to Hawaii, but it did not carry water to Hawaii from South America.

d) The tsunami did not carry energy or water from the earthquake center to Hawaii.

16.7.1. A tsunami is a fast moving ocean wave train that is produced during an earthquake. Consider such a wave initiated at center of the earthquake off the western coast of South America that reaches the Hawaiian Islands within 15 hours. Which one of the following statements concerning the tsunami is correct?

a) The tsunami carried water from the earthquake center to Hawaii, but it did not carry energy to Hawaii from South America.

b) The tsunami carried energy and water from the earthquake center to Hawaii.

c) The tsunami carried energy from the earthquake center to Hawaii, but it did not carry water to Hawaii from South America.

d) The tsunami did not carry energy or water from the earthquake center to Hawaii.

16.7.2. During a rock concert, the lead guitarist plucks the high E (329.6 Hz) string, which has a mass of 0.208 g and a length of 0.628 m. The tension on the string is 226 N. If the amplitude of the wave on the string is 3.0 mm, what is the average rate of energy transport on the string?

a) 2130 W

b) 1760 W

c) 975 W

d) 547 W

e) 122 W

16.7.2. During a rock concert, the lead guitarist plucks the high E (329.6 Hz) string, which has a mass of 0.208 g and a length of 0.628 m. The tension on the string is 226 N. If the amplitude of the wave on the string is 3.0 mm, what is the average rate of energy transport on the string?

a) 2130 W

b) 1760 W

c) 975 W

d) 547 W

e) 122 W

16.8.1. A wave is described by the equation y = 0.020 sin (3.0x 6.0t), where the distances are in meters and time is measured in seconds. Using the wave equation, determine the speed of this wave?

a) 0.50 m/s

b) 0.75 m/s

c) 1.0 m/s

d) 2.0 m/s

e) 4.0 m/s

16.8.1. A wave is described by the equation y = 0.020 sin (3.0x 6.0t), where the distances are in meters and time is measured in seconds. Using the wave equation, determine the speed of this wave?

a) 0.50 m/s

b) 0.75 m/s

c) 1.0 m/s

d) 2.0 m/s

e) 4.0 m/s

16.8.2. A wave is described by the equation y = 0.25 sin (kx 4.0t), where the distances are in meters and time is measured in seconds. The wave is moving along a string under tension at a speed of 0.75 m/s. Using the wave equation, determine the value of k?

a) 5.3 m1

b) 1.0 m1

c) 0.19 m1

d) 0.75 m1

e) 1.3 m1

16.8.2. A wave is described by the equation y = 0.25 sin (kx 4.0t), where the distances are in meters and time is measured in seconds. The wave is moving along a string under tension at a speed of 0.75 m/s. Using the wave equation, determine the value of k?

a) 5.3 m1

b) 1.0 m1

c) 0.19 m1

d) 0.75 m1

e) 1.3 m1

16.9.1. The graph shows two waves at time t = 0 s, one moving toward the right at 2.0 cm/s and the other moving toward the left at 2.0 cm/s. What will the amplitude be at x = 0 at time t = 0.5 s?

a) +1 cm

b) zero cm

c) 1 cm

d) 2 cm

e) 3 cm

16.9.1. The graph shows two waves at time t = 0 s, one moving toward the right at 2.0 cm/s and the other moving toward the left at 2.0 cm/s. What will the amplitude be at x = 0 at time t = 0.5 s?

a) +1 cm

b) zero cm

c) 1 cm

d) 2 cm

e) 3 cm

16.9.2. Two waves are traveling along a string. The graph shows the position of the waves at time t = 0.0 s. One wave with a maximum amplitude of 0.5 cm is traveling toward the right at 0.5 cm/s. The second wave with a maximum amplitude of 2.0 cm is traveling toward the left at 2.0 cm/s. At what elapsed time will the two waves completely overlap and what will the maximum amplitude be at that time?

a) 2.0 s, 1.5 cm

b) 1.3 s, 2.5 cm

c) 1.0 s, 1.5 cm

d) 1.0 s, 2.5 cm

e) 1.3 s, 0.0 cm

16.9.2. Two waves are traveling along a string. The graph shows the position of the waves at time t = 0.0 s. One wave with a maximum amplitude of 0.5 cm is traveling toward the right at 0.5 cm/s. The second wave with a maximum amplitude of 2.0 cm is traveling toward the left at 2.0 cm/s. At what elapsed time will the two waves completely overlap and what will the maximum amplitude be at that time?

a) 2.0 s, 1.5 cm

b) 1.3 s, 2.5 cm

c) 1.0 s, 1.5 cm

d) 1.0 s, 2.5 cm

e) 1.3 s, 0.0 cm

16.10.1. Which one of the following waves would undergo fully destructive interference with a wave described by y = 2.0 sin (3.0x 0.5t) where y and x are measured in meters and t is measured in seconds?

a) y = 2.0 sin (3.0x 0.5t)

b) y = 2.0 sin (3.0x + 0.5t))

c) y = 2.0 sin (3.0x 0.5t))

d) y = 2.0 sin (0.33x 2.0t)

e) None of these equations will fully interfere destructively with the given wave.

16.10.1. Which one of the following waves would undergo fully destructive interference with a wave described by y = 2.0 sin (3.0x 0.5t) where y and x are measured in meters and t is measured in seconds?

a) y = 2.0 sin (3.0x 0.5t)

b) y = 2.0 sin (3.0x + 0.5t))

c) y = 2.0 sin (3.0x 0.5t))

d) y = 2.0 sin (0.33x 2.0t)

e) None of these equations will fully interfere destructively with the given wave.

16.10.2. Which one of the following waves would undergo fully constructive interference with a wave described by y = 2.0 sin (3.0x 2.0t) where y and x are measured in meters and t is measured in seconds?

a) y = sin (0.33x 0.5t)

b) y = sin (3.0x + 2.0t)

c) y = sin (1.5x t))

d) y = sin (x + 2t/3)

e) None of these equations will fully interfere constructively with the given wave.

16.10.2. Which one of the following waves would undergo fully constructive interference with a wave described by y = 2.0 sin (3.0x 2.0t) where y and x are measured in meters and t is measured in seconds?

a) y = sin (0.33x 0.5t)

b) y = sin (3.0x + 2.0t)

c) y = sin (1.5x t))

d) y = sin (x + 2t/3)

e) None of these equations will fully interfere constructively with the given wave.

16.12.1. What is the frequency of a standing wave with a wave speed of 12 m/s as it travels on a 4.0-m string fixed at both ends?

a) 2.5 Hz

b) 5.0 Hz

c) 10.0 Hz

d) 15.0 Hz

e) 20.0 Hz

16.12.1. What is the frequency of a standing wave with a wave speed of 12 m/s as it travels on a 4.0-m string fixed at both ends?

a) 2.5 Hz

b) 5.0 Hz

c) 10.0 Hz

d) 15.0 Hz

e) 20.0 Hz

16.13.1. Which one of the following statements explains why a piano and a guitar playing the same musical note sound different?

a) The fundamental frequency is different for each instrument.

b) The two instruments have the same fundamental frequency, but different harmonic frequencies.

c) The two instruments have the same harmonic frequencies, but different fundamental frequencies.

d) The two instruments have the same fundamental frequency and the same harmonic frequencies, but the amounts of each of the harmonics is different for the two instruments..

16.13.1. Which one of the following statements explains why a piano and a guitar playing the same musical note sound different?

a) The fundamental frequency is different for each instrument.

b) The two instruments have the same fundamental frequency, but different harmonic frequencies.

c) The two instruments have the same harmonic frequencies, but different fundamental frequencies.

d) The two instruments have the same fundamental frequency and the same harmonic frequencies, but the amounts of each of the harmonics is different for the two instruments..

16.13.2. When a wire under tension oscillates in its third harmonic mode, how many wavelengths are observed?

a) 1/3

b) 1/2

c) 2/3

d) 3/2

e) 2

16.13.2. When a wire under tension oscillates in its third harmonic mode, how many wavelengths are observed?

a) 1/3

b) 1/2

c) 2/3

d) 3/2

e) 2

16.13.3. Consider a wire under tension that is driven by an oscillator. Initially, the wire is vibrating in its second harmonic mode. How does the oscillation of the wire change as the frequency is slowly increased?

a) No standing wave may be observed until the frequency matches the third harmonic mode of the wire.

b) No standing wave may be observed until the frequency matches the first harmonic mode of the wire.

c) The observed oscillation of the wire not change until the frequency matches the third harmonic mode of the wire.

d) The observed oscillation of the wire will slowly change in fractions of the harmonic between the second and third harmonic modes.

e) The observed oscillation of the wire will slowly change in fractions of the harmonic between the second and first harmonic modes.

16.13.3. Consider a wire under tension that is driven by an oscillator. Initially, the wire is vibrating in its second harmonic mode. How does the oscillation of the wire change as the frequency is slowly increased?

a) No standing wave may be observed until the frequency matches the third harmonic mode of the wire.

b) No standing wave may be observed until the frequency matches the first harmonic mode of the wire.

c) The observed oscillation of the wire not change until the frequency matches the third harmonic mode of the wire.

d) The observed oscillation of the wire will slowly change in fractions of the harmonic between the second and third harmonic modes.

e) The observed oscillation of the wire will slowly change in fractions of the harmonic between the second and first harmonic modes.