CHAPTER 16 Section 1: The Unification of Italy Section 2: The Unification of Germany Section 3: Opposition to Bismarck Section 4: Reform and Revolution in Russia Section 5: Unrest in Austria-Hungary Nationalism in Europe
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CHAPTER 16
Section 1: The Unification of Italy
Section 2: The Unification of Germany
Section 3: Opposition to Bismarck
Section 4: Reform and Revolution in Russia
Section 5: Unrest in Austria-Hungary
Nationalism in Europe
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
Option 1
attack Garibaldi
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
Option 2
allow Garibaldi to take power
Problem: Garibaldi could take power from Cavour
16.1 Bell Ringer: What were Cavour’s options for preventing Garibaldi from taking power?
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Ideals of the French Revolution
United under Napoleon
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Congress of Vienna divided Italyinto several large & small states.
Austria ruled Lombardy andVenetia.
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Despite this, nationalismcontinued to grow…
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Early 1800s, thinkers & writers tried to revive interest in Italy’straditions …
RisorgimentoGoals?
LIBERATION
UNIFICATION
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Carbonari
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Mazzini
“neither pope nor king” but rather arepublic.
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
…the first Italian democratic movement embracing all classes
Young Italy
…by 1833 there were 60,000 members
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
In 1848 the revolutionaries seized Rome, setting up a republicgoverned by Mazzini and two other leaders.
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
The revolts of 1848-49 failed.Only the Kingdom of Sardinia(Piedmont-Sardinia)remained a completelyindependent state.
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Italian nationalists had little success . . .
Conservatives = federation of Italian states ruled by the pope
Liberals = a constitutional monarchy under Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Camillo Cavourchief minister of the Kingdomof Sardinia
Wanted Sardinia to lead the way inuniting Italy
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Austria was the greatestbarrier in Italian unification.
The Two Players ….CavourNapoleon III
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Guiseppe Garibaldi1854Red ShirtsRed Shirts
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
“Expedition ofthe Thousand”
Visual Source
The Unification of Italy
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
In the fall of 1860 Garibaldiand Victor Emmanuel metin Naples.
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Unification and Its Problems
• Little experience with self-gov’t
• Cultural differences divided the country
• Tensions between industrialized north and agricultural south
• Standard of living was very low
• Labor problems
Political Cartoon
The Unification of Italy
Visual SourcesThe Unification of Italy
Political Cartoon
The Unification of Italy
The Right Leg in the Boot at Last!!
Garibaldi:"If it won't go on Sire, try a little powder." (as in GUNpowder)
Political Cartoon
The Unification of Italy
Political Cartoon
The Unification of Italy
Political Cartoon
The Unification of Italy
Political Cartoon
The Unification of Italy
SECTION 1
The Unification of Italy
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
reasserts the leadership of Sardinia
decreases likelihood of capturing northern Italy
Option 1
attack Garibaldi
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
increases likelihood of taking northern Italy from Austria
gives Emmanuel II’s power to Garibaldi
Option 2
allow Garibaldi to take power
Problem: Garibaldi could take power from Cavour
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