Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office The Election of 1800 - the election pitted the Federalists & John Adams against the Democratic-Republicans & Thomas Jefferson - the Federalists felt the country would be taken over by radicals (people with extreme political views) - the Democratic-Republicans felt the country would be taken over by monarchists & oppression (Alien & Sedition Acts) - Jefferson won the election with 73 electoral votes, but Aaron Burr also had received 73 electoral votes, so there had to be a tiebreaking vote!
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Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office The Election of 1800 The Election of 1800 - the election pitted the Federalists & John Adams against the Democratic-Republicans.
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Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office
The Election of 1800
- the election pitted the Federalists & John Adams against the Democratic-Republicans & Thomas Jefferson
- the Federalists felt the country would be taken over by radicals (people with extreme political views)
- the Democratic-Republicans felt the country would be taken over by monarchists & oppression (Alien & Sedition Acts)
- Jefferson won the election with 73 electoral votes, but Aaron Burr also had received 73 electoral votes, so there had to be a tiebreaking vote!
Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office
Breaking the Tie
- according to the Constitution, the House of Representatives had to choose between the two candidates
- unfortunately for Jefferson, the House of Representatives was a Federalist majority
- even Alexander Hamilton voted in favor of Jefferson over Burr
- after 35 times of voting in one week, there was still no clear winner, so Alexander Hamilton persuaded more Federalist friends to vote for Jefferson over Burr
Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office
- Burr was voted in as vice-president and never forgave Hamilton for his insults
- eventually in 1804, Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel after he once again questioned his political abilities while running for New York governor
- Jefferson wanted to undo many of the Federalist programs, so he allowed the Alien & Sedition Acts to end, he ended the tax on whiskey, and changed economic policies
- Jefferson opposed public debt, so he used tariffs & land sales to reduce the amount of money owed by the government
- before Adams left office in 1801, he appointed as many Federalist judges to the Supreme Court as possible through the Judiciary Act of 1801
- Adams also appointed a Federalist chief justice named John Marshall who served for over thirty years and helped to increase federal authority & federal courts
- Jefferson had no authority to change the Federalist Supreme Court
- William Marbury was appointed by John Adams as justice of the peace for the District of Columbia, but Secretary of State James Madison refused to appoint him
- Marbury tried to sue, but the Supreme Court ruled the case as unconstitutional
- the case was thrown out but did help to establish judicial review, which gave the courts the final say to interpret the Constitution