CULTURE & HISTORY 2 (ARC60303) PROJECT 2: BUILDING ANALYSIS REPORT GROUP MEMBERS: CHIA KEH CHIAN 0322062 CHIN SHEE WEI 0322499 CHLOE TEH SHU-ERN 0324101 CHONG HAO FOONG 0322343 CHONG YI HUI 0324404 CHUNG HOW CYONG 0324152 TUTOR: MOHD HAFIZ BIN MOHD AMIRRO OUTDOOR GEAR
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CULTURE & HISTORY 2 (ARC60303)PROJECT 2:BUILDING ANALYSIS REPORT
GROUP MEMBERS:CHIA KEH CHIAN 0322062CHIN SHEE WEI 0322499CHLOE TEH SHU-ERN 0324101CHONG HAO FOONG 0322343 CHONG YI HUI 0324404CHUNG HOW CYONG 0324152
TUTOR:MOHD HAFIZ BIN MOHD AMIRRO
O U T D O O R G E A R
TELEKOMTOWER
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Table of contents
No Topic Page
1. i. Introduction
Ii. Fast facts of the building
iii. History
iv. Architect
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2. i. Site context analysis - Chong How Cyong
o Building accessibility.
o Relationship of building to surroundings.
o Respond to climate.
ii. Architectural layout of building- Chia Keh Chian
o Plan to section or elevation analysis
o Circulation to use-space
o Organization analysis
iii. Architecture style analysis- Chloe Teh Shu-Ern
o Style
o Modern technology
o Comparison of Telekom Tower and The Bow
iv. Building element construction, structure & materials analysis - Chin Shee Wei
o Facade
o Sky garden and bowing trusses
o Ground floor- entrance and lift lobby
o Canopy entrance
o Spider clamp glass
o Comparison of Telekom Tower and The Bow
v. Architectural elements/components analysis - Chong Hao Foong, Chong Yi Hui
o Form, wall and facade
o Windows and louvers
o Roofing
o Lifts
o Offices
o Ventilation system
o Sky garden
o Additional facilities
o Comparison of Telekom Tower and The Bow
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3. Conclusion 46
4. References
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Introduction
Kuala Lumpur (commonly referred to as KL) is the capital of Malaysia and a city centre.
It is also a point of interest to tourists and also locals. As a capital, it is the most modern
and developed city in the country with contemporary high-rises, hotels, shopping malls,
local and international cuisine.
The city’s skyline shows a blend of different influences to the country especially in the
form of architecture. Buildings in Kuala Lumpur have influences of British Colonial, Neo-
Gothic, Asian, Islamic and Modern Architecture.
In the 20th century, the buildings are mostly of the Modern Architecture style but some
are inspired from the traditional architecture. As for our topic, Menara Telekom
(Telekom Tower), a skyscraper with Modernistic style will be discussed.
This report consists of detailed study of the Telekom Tower designed by Hijjas Kasturi. We
chose this building as a case study as we find it very interesting with its dynamic form
and implements of environmental friendly aspects.
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Fast Facts
1. Telekom Tower is a skyscraper located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
2. It is 310 meters (1017 ft) tall.
3. It has 77 floors.
4. It was designed by Hijjas Kasturi Associates.
5. It was constructed between 1998-2001 by Deawoo Construction.
6. It was officially opened on 11 February 2003.
7. The office floors are separated into north and south wings served by express
double-deck elevators.
8. The function of the building is an office.
Location Hijjas Kasturi, the architect
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History
The Telekom Tower is located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia along the Federal Highway
and Jalan Pantai Baharu. It is said to be the 3rd tallest building in Malaysia and 66th
place on the global ranking, the largest telecommunication company in Malaysia and
the second largest in South-East Asia.
The tower was built between 1997 and 2002, also represents a transition for HKAS (Hijjas
Kasturi Associates) - a transition which took place against a broader background of
change. Malaysia had served an economic downturn in the late 1980s with a
determination to further modernise and open up the city and economy. The building
industry responded by reviewing its intensive base and looking for technological
advancement.
This was encouraged by the Malaysian government’s initiatives for energy efficiency
and sustainability, which was in turn a response to the emergence of the ‘intelligent
building’ in Europe in the 1980s, involving computerised control of a building’s
mechanical and management systems to enable constant response to change internal
and external conditions.
The Telekom Tower therefore was the transition point for HKAS. It is initiated for the new
phase of development in Malaysia. It can be viewed as a new approach and
exploration of new ideas or practice in the work of buildings. It signalled an interest in a
new diversity of materials which in itself implies new formal expression as the potential of
those materials is explored.
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Architect
Hijjas bin Kasturi, the father of Malaysian
architecture of the second half of the twentieth
century established Hijjas Kasturi Associates (HKAS) in
1977.
Over a period of almost 30 years, there have been
many constants in the practice of HKAS. But perhaps
the most significant one has been its ability to
consistently reinvent itself. This is perhaps even more
difficult for a practice which primarily designs
commercial and institutional buildings for which
functionality; conservatism and the bottom line are the
usual priorities.
HKAS, however is distinctive for the freshness and inventiveness it brings to each successive
building. In turn, these buildings give the Kuala Lumpur skyline, in particular, a distinctness
which it would frankly otherwise lack, were it not for some iconic buildings such as the tower
of the Malaysia Parliament Building Complex, the National Mosque, the Dayabumi Complex
and Cesar Pelli’s idiosyncratic and somewhat overbearing Petronas Twin Towers.
Each of the HKAS buildings has its own character. Each tells a story and each seems
to deal with the materials in an imaginative way, testing structural limits, playing with
functional potential and exploring aesthetic possibilities. And they all unfailingly and
individually address their urban context.
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Site context analysis
1.1 Building accessibility
Figure 1.1a: The location plan shows the route from the Telekom Tower to the Petronas Twin Tower via Jalan Tun Razak.
Telekom Tower is located 14.7 kilometres away from the Petronas Twin Tower via Jalan
Tun Razak. It has an ideal and strategic location with a site of 3.07 hectares. Its South
frontage of 338 metres faces onto the Federal Highway which is linked to the
immediate access to the Kerinchi overpass. The North boundary of Telekom Tower is the
Pantai River, a setback that has impressive landscaping potential.
The mass rapid transit systems which are to follow the spine of the Federal Highway has
also been taken into consideration during the building planning. There is a LRT station at
its east side, commonly known as the Kerinchi LRT station which links to Telekom Tower
with a pedestrian bridge which is within the neighbouring development on the eastern
side. The LRT station helps to reduce traffic congestion by providing immediate access
to and from KL Sentral. The access to the building is an anti-clockwise vehicular route.
Entry and exits are at the North East and North West from Pantai Baru Road. Parking lots
in the New Headquarters can accommodate up to 1,700 cars while open space
parking areas are able to accommodate at least 300 cars.
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Figure 1.1b: The site plan shows the facilities of the Telekom Tower.
Figure 1.1c: The site plan shows the accessibility of Telekom Tower from and to its surrounding buildings.
The accessibility of the Telekom Tower is well-planned and eases the users to
experience convenience walkability to and from. Users may enter the TM Tower via the
main entrance and the back door, especially for those utilised the open space parking.
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From TM Tower itself, users may walk to mosque and multipurpose mall without the
direct exposure of sunlight or downpour.
1.2. Relationship
Telekom Tower is surrounded by high rise residential apartments and commercial blocks.
It stands out as an impressive iconic landmark amongst the high rise buildings. Pantai
Police Station is located right behind the Telekom Tower which helps to gain maximum
security to the building. Telekom Tower also stands out in term of the height and style.
Visually, it happens to be the tallest building within the area and in contrast with all
other buildings; architecturally, it is unique with its curving form comparing to the basic
blockish buildings around it and also well-known of its environmentally sustainable
construction.
Figure 1.2a: The contradiction of the basic blockish buildings around the Telekom Tower
Figure 1.2b: The comparison of Telekom Tower to its surrounding buildings in term of height.
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1.3. Responding to climate
Telekom Tower is surrounded by two relatively narrow Eastern and Western frontage.
The linear shape of its site plan is an ideal condition for tropical climate responsive
building to be built. This helps to minimize the building from direct exposure of sunlight
on its facade, reducing heat gain and minimizing air-conditioning loads. Every third
floors is built with a sky garden, a green pocket with extensive landscaping. The sky
garden acts a living filter to the overall building. Over 20% of the site is landscaped with
trees, shrubs and plants.
Figure 1.3a: The site plan indicates the sun orientation and the extensive usage of landscape around the Telekom Tower.
Figure 1.3b: Sky garden is well landscaped with trees and Figure 1.3c: Landscape shading the surrounding.
Shrubs.
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Architectural layout of building
2.1 Plan to section and elevation
The design of Telekom Tower is derived from bamboo shoot, highly inspired by the
Pago-pago series of paintings by Malaysian artist Latiff Mohidin. (McGillick, 2007, p. 87)
Bamboo has a symbolic meaning in the Malaysian culture; it represents strength, rapid
growth and fertility. The influence from the bamboo symbol can be seen from the plan,
elevation section of the building.
Figure 2.1a Pago-pago
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i. Plan
Figure 2.1b: Floor plans of Telekom Tower
At the early stage, the plan of Telekom Tower was developed from an elliptical shape
with a central core and gardens on either side. (McGillick, 2007, p. 87) The final floor
plans are designed in a way that the main component of the building, the offices and
the landscape element, sky gardens are connected through a central core. The
central core is made up of a series of lifts that connect all the floors vertically. The size of
floor plates decreases as the level of floor increases, providing a variety of planning
options, varying from the functions and level of privacy required, while maintaining a
high degree of pleasant and flexible space. The large open air terraced gardens act as
a filter of heat, intense light and noise to provide a pleasant working space for the
workers.
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ii. Elevation
Figure 2.1c Elevations of Telekom Tower
The unique sculptural form of Telekom Tower is made up of two curving forms which
were built upon a plan developed from elliptical shape. It creates interesting changes
in vistas, as the elevation of the tower varies according to the direction from which it is
viewed, merging from one profile to another. It varies depending on the view point:
slimmer or broader, curved or flat, taller or lower. From the north and south, the full
breadth of the building is apparent; while from the east and west, it appears slimmer.