CH. BANSI LAL UNIVERSITY BHIWANI · 1. Classical Mechanics by N C Rana and P S Joag (Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1991) 2. Classical Mechanics by H Goldstein (Addison Wesley, 1980) 3. Mechanics

Session (2015-16)

1

CH. BANSI LAL UNIVERSITY BHIWANI

MASTER OF SCIENCE

PHYSICS

Scheme of Examinations and Syllabus

(2015-16)

Session (2015-16)

2

Ch. Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani

Scheme of Examination for M.Sc. (Physics)

Semester-I Credits = 28 Total Marks = 750

Paper

Code

Subjects Type

of

Course

Contact Hours Per Week Credit Examination Scheme Total

Theory Practical Total Theory Practical Total Internal

Assessment

Exam Practical

MSP101 Mathematical Physics C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP102 Classical Mechanics C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP103 Quantum Mechanics-I C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP104 Optics and Lasers D.E.C 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 15 60 -- 75

MSP105 Group Theory and

Theory of Relativity

D.E.C 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 15 60 -- 75

MSP106 Communication Skills C.F.C 2 -- 2 2 -- 2 10 40 -- 50

MSP107 Lab-I C.C.C -- 6 6 -- 3 3 -- 100 100

MSP108 Lab-II C.C.C -- 6 6 -- 3 3 -- 100 100

MSP109 Seminar/Journal club C.M.C -- -- -- 1 -- 25 25

MSP110 Self Study Paper C.M.C -- -- -- 1 -- 25 25

Total 20 12 32 20 6 28 100 400 250 750

C.F.C = Compulsory Core Course C.C.C = Compulsory Core Course D.E.C = Discipline Elective Course

B.C. = Bridge Course C.M.C = Complimentary Course

Session (2015-16)

3



Semester-II Credits = 26 Total Marks= 700

Paper

Code

Subjects Type

of

Course



Assessment

Exam Practical

MSP201 Statistical Mechanics C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP202 Nuclear and Particle

Physics

C.C.C. 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP203 Quantum Mechanics

–II (Advanced

Quantum Mechanics)

C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP204 Non-Linear Optics D.E.C 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 15 60 -- 75

MSP205 Experimental

Techniques in

Physics

D.E.C 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 15 60 -- 75

MSP206 Lab-III C.C.C -- 6 6 -- 3 3 -- 100 100

MSP207 Lab-IV C.C.C -- 6 6 -- 3 3 -- 100 100

MSP208 Seminar/Journal club C.M.C -- 6 6 1 -- 25 25


Total 18 18 36 18 6 26 90 360 250 700



Session (2015-16)

4



Semester-III Credits = 26 Total Marks = 700

Paper

Code

Subjects Type

of

Course



Assessment

Exam Practical

MSP301 Condensed Matter

Physics

C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP302 Electronic Devices C.C.C. 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP303 Atomic and

Molecular

Spectroscopy

C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP304 Radiation Physics D.E.C 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 15 60 -- 75

MSP305 Materials Science D.E.C 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 15 60 -- 75

MSP306 Lab-V C.C.C -- 6 6 -- 3 3 -- 100 100

MSP307 Lab-VI C.C.C -- 6 6 -- 3 3 -- 100 100



Total 18 18 36 18 6 26 90 360 250 700



Session (2015-16)

5



Semester-IV Credits = 26 Total Marks = 700 Paper

Code

Subjects Type

of

Course



Assessment

Exam Practical

MSP401 Computational

Physics

C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP402 Electrodynamics C.C.C. 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP403 Digital Electronic

and Microprocessor

C.C.C 4 -- 4 4 -- 4 20 80 -- 100

MSP404 Physics of

Nanomaterials

D.E.C 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 15 60 -- 75

MSP405 Thin Films and

Devices

D.E.C 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 15 60 -- 75

MSP406 Lab- VII C.C.C -- 6 6 -- 3 3 -- 100 100

MSP407 Lab-VIII C.C.C -- 6 6 -- 3 3 -- 100 100



Total 18 18 36 18 6 26 90 360 250 700



Duration: 2 Years (4 Semesters)

Total Marks: 2850

Total Credits: 106

Session (2015-16)

6

CH. BANSI LAL UNIVERSITY BHIWANI

Department of Physics

Scheme and Syllabi for

M. Sc. Physics Programme

Semesters ‐ I to IV

Course Structure & Distribution of Credits.

M. Sc. in Physics Program consists of total 20 theory papers, total 8 practical lab.

Courses and 4 Journal Clubs & Seminars , spread over four semesters.

Session (2015-16)

7

Semester-I

MSP101: MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS

Maximum Marks: 100

External Examination: 80

Internal Assessment: 20

Time: 3 Hrs

Note: There shall be nine questions in all. Question no. 1 shall be compulsory, consisting of

six/eight short answer type questions covering the entire syllabus. Two questions will be

from each unit. Student will have to attempt one question from each unit. All questions will

carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Vector Spaces, Matrices and Distributions:

Definition of a linear vector space, Linear independence basis and dimension, Scalar Product,

Orthonormal basis, Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization process, Linear Operators, Matrices, Orthogonal,

Unitary and Hermitian matrices, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices, Matrix diagonalization.

Probability theory, Random variables; Binomial, Poisson & Normal distributions; Central limit theorem.

Unit-II

Differential equations:

Review of first order differential equations, Second order linear differential equations with variable

coefficients, ordinary point, singular point, series solution around an ordinary point, series solution

around a regular singular point; the method of Frobenius. Wronskian and getting a second solution ,

Solution of Legendre’s equation, Solution of Bessel’s equation, Solution of Laguarre and Hermite’s

equations and Hypergeometric differential equation.

Unit-III

Special Functions:

Definition of special functions, Generating functions for Bessel function of integral order Jn(x) ,

Recurrence relations, Integral representation; Legendre polynomials Pn(x), Generating functions for Pn(x),

Recurrence relations; Hermite Polynomials, Generating functions, Rodrigue’s formula for Hermite

polynomials, Generating function and Recurrence relations; Green’s function.

Unit-IV

Integral Transformations:

Integral transformation , Laplace transform, some simple properties of Laplace transforms such as first

and second shifting property, Inverse Laplace Transform of integrals, Fourier series, Evaluation of

coefficients of Fourier series, Cosine and Sine series, Fourier Transforms, Fourier sine transforms,

Fourier cosine Transforms, Parseval’s Theorem , Convolution and simple applications.

Suggested Readings:

1. Mathematical Physics by P.K. Chattopadhayas (T)

2. Mathematical Physics by B.S. Rajput

3. Matrices and Tensor for Physicists, by A W Joshi

4. Mathematical Physics by Mathews and Walkers

5. Mathematical for Physics by Mary L Boas

Session (2015-16)

8

MSP102: CLASSICAL MECHANICS

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Survey of Elementary Principles and Lagrangian Formulation:

Newtonian mechanics of one and many particle system; conversation laws, constraints, their

classification; D’ Alembert’s principle, Lagrange’s equations ; dissipative force, generalized coordinates

and momenta; integrals of motion ; symmetries of space and time and their connection with conversation

laws; Noether’s Theorem, invariance under Galilian transformation.

Unit-II

Moving coordinate systems and Motion in a Central Force Field:

Rotating frames; inertial force; terrestrial applications of Coriolis force. Central forces; definition and

characteristics; two body problem; closure and stability of circular orbits; general analysis of orbits;

Kepler’s laws and equation; artificial satellites; Rutherford scattering. Rigid body motion, moment of

Inertia Tensor, Energy and angular momentum, Euler’s theorem, Motion of Tops, Gyroscope.

Unit-III

Variational Principle, Equation of motion and Hamilton-Jacobi Equation:

Principle of least action; derivation of equations of motion; variation at end points; Introduction to

Lagrangian through Varitional principle, Applications of Variational principle. Hamilton’s principal and

characteristic functions; Hamilton-Jacobi equation. Action angle variable, Perturbation theory,

Lagrangian formation of Continuous media as a limiting case, Extension.

Unit-IV

Small Oscillations and Canonical Transformations:

Canonical transformation; generating functions, Poisson’s brackets and their properties of Poisson

bracket, angular momentum Poisson brackets; small oscillations; normal modes and coordinates.

Suggested Readings:

1. Classical Mechanics by N C Rana and P S Joag (Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1991)

2. Classical Mechanics by H Goldstein (Addison Wesley, 1980)

3. Mechanics by A Sommerfeld (Academic Press, 1952)

4. Introduction to Dynamics by Perceivel and D Richards (Cambridge University Press, 1982)

Session (2015-16)

9

MSP103: QUATUM MECHANICS-1

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

General Formalism of Quantum Mechanics:

States and operators; Representation of States and dynamical variables; Linear vector space; Hilbert

space, Bra-ket notation, Linear operators, Orthonormal set of vectors, Completeness relation; Hermitian

operators their eigenvalues and eigenvectors, The fundamental commutation relation; Commutation rule

and uncertainty relation; Simultaneous eigenstates of commuting operators; The unitary transformation;

Dirac delta function; Relation between kets and wave functions; Matrix representation of operators;

Solution of linear harmonic oscillator problem by operator method.

Units-II

Angular momentum operator:

Angular momentum operators and their representation in spherical polar co-ordinates; Eigenvalues and

eigenvectors of L2 spherical harmonic; Commutation relation among LX LY LZ ; Rotational symmetry and

conservation of angular momentum; Eigenvalues of J2 and JZ and their matrix representations; Pauli spin

matrices; Addition of angular momentum, Clebsch-Gordon coefficients.

Units-III

Solution of Schrodinger equation for three dimensional problems:

The three dimensional harmonic oscillator in both Cartesian and spherical polar coordinates, eigenvalues

eigenfunctions and the degeneracy of the states; Solution of the hydrogen atom problem, the eigenvalues

eigenfunctions and the degeneracy.

Unit-IV

Perturbation Theory: Time independent perturbation theory; Non degenerate case, Anharmonic perturbation of the form λX

3

and λX4 ; Degenerate perturbation theory; Stark effect of the first excited state of hydrogen, Zeeman

effect.

Suggested Readings :

1. Quantum Mechanics by Ghatak and Loknathan

2. Quantum Mechanics by Powell and Crassman

3. Quantum Mechanics by S. Gasiorowicz

4. Quantum Mechanics by A.P. Messiah

5. Modern Quantum Mechanics by J.J. Sakurai

6. Quantum Mechanics by L.I. Schiff

7. Quantum Mechanics by Mathews and Venkatensan.

Session (2015-16)

10

MSP104: OPTICS AND LASERS

Maximum Marks: 75



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

Interference and Diffraction:

Interference by Division of Wave front: Fresnel’s biprism and its applications, Newton’s Rings,

Interferometers: Michelson’s interferometer and its applications, Diffraction: Fresnel’s Diffraction,

Fresnel’s half period zones, Zone plates, rectangular slit and circular aperture. Fraunhoffer Diffraction:

Two slit diffraction, N-slit Diffraction, Plane transmission grating spectrum. Dispersive power of Grating,

Rayleigh’s criterion, Resolving power of a telescope and a grating.

UNIT-II

Polarization:

Polarization and Double Refraction, Polarization by double refraction, Polarization by scattering, Law of

Malus, Phenomenon of double refraction, Huygen’s wave theory of double refraction(Normal and

Oblique incidence) , Analysis of Polarized light: Nicol prism, Quarter wave plate, half wave plate,

production and detection of (1) Plane polarized light, (2) Circularly polarized light and (3) Elliptically

polarized light. Fresnel’s theory of rotation. Polarimeters (half shade and bi-quartz).

UNIT-III

Emission and Absorption Process and Properties of Lasers:

Spontaneous & Stimulated Emission, Stimulated absorption, Relationship of Einstein’s coefficient, Idea

of Light amplification by an atomic system, Cavity radiation and modes (one, two, and three dimensions),

Important Properties of Laser, Spatial and temporal coherence (Experimental evidence). Semiconductor

Laser.

UNIT-IV

Line Shape Function and Broadening Mechanisms:

Origin of Line shape function, Broadening of Spectral line: Homogeneous (Natural and collisional) and

Inhomogeneous (Dooper) Broadening mechanisms, Threshold condition for Oscillation, Laser oscillation

and amplification in homogeneous broadened transition and its Gain saturation. Laser oscillation and

amplification in an inhomogeneous system.

Session (2015-16)

11


1. Optics by Eugene Hecht

2. Introduction to Modern Optics by Grant R. Fowles

3. Optics and Optical Instruments: An Introduction by B.K.Johnson

4. Fundamentals of Optics by Francis Arthur Jenkins

5. Schaum’s Outline of Optics by Eugene Hecht

6. Laser Electronics by J.T. Verdeyen, Prentice Hall (1995)

7. Lasers and Electro-Optics: Fundamental & Engineering C.C.Davis, Cambridge (1996)

8. Laser Fundamentals by W.T. Silvast, Cambridge (1996)

9. Principles of Lasers, O.Svetto, Plenum (1989)

10. Laser Physics, L.V. Tarasov, Mir (1983)

11. Laser theory and Applications, A. Ghatak & Tayagrajan, Macmillan India

12. Laser & Non-linear Optics, B.B.Laud

13. Introduction to Laser Physics, K. Shimoda, Springer (1986)

Session (2015-16)

12

MSP105: GROUP THEORY AND THEORY OF RELATIVITY

Maximum Marks: 75



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

Review of basic concepts of finite group theory, permutation group, Caley’s theorem, applications of

Caley’s theorem for determining group structures of finite groups of order 3,4,5and 6; The axial rotation

group SO (2). Generators of SO (2), 3-dimensional rotation group SO (3); The special unitary group SU

(3) and Physical application of SU (3). Space groups, experimental determination of space group.

UNIT-II

Special Theory of Relativity:

Postulates of Special theory of relativity, Frame of References, Galilean Transformation, Lorentz

transformations, Length Contraction, Time Deletion, relativistic kinematics and mass–energy

equivalence.

UNIT-III

Riemannian Geometry and Gravitational Field Equations: Review of Riemannian geometry: Metric tensor, covariant differentiation, curvature tensor, Bianchi

Identities, Ricci tensor. Motion of a particle in a gravitational field, geodesic.

Gravitational field equations: Action for gravitational field, Energy-momentum tensor, Extremum

principle, Einstein field equations, Energy-momentum pseudo tensor.

UNIT-IV

Field of gravitating bodies and Cosmology: Field of gravitating bodies: Schwarzschild solution, Birkhoff’s theorem, Motion in a centrally symmetric

gravitational field, Precession of perihelion of Mercury, Deflection of light, Gravitational waves: Plane

waves, Weak field approximation, Gravitational radiation.

Cosmological constant: Einstein space, De Sitter space, Anti-de Sitter space.

Session (2015-16)

13

Suggested Readings:

1. Introduction to Group Theory, A.W. Joshi

2. Group Theory, Hammer Mesh

3. Group Theory and Quantum Mechanics, M. Tinkham

4. A.P. Messiah, Quantum Mechanics

5. Quantum Mechanics/Symmetries (2nd Edition), W. Griener and B./ Muller.W. Rindler,

Relativity---Special, General Relativity and Cosmological, Oxford University Press, New York,

(2001). C. W. Misner, K. S. Thorne, and J. A. Wheeler, Gravitation, Freeman, NewYork, (2000).

L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, The Classical Theory of Fields, Butterworth Heinmann, (1996).

6. J. V. Narlikar, Introduction to Cosmology, Cambridge University Press, New Delhi, (1993). A.

Einstein, The Meaning of Relativity, Oxford & IBH, (1990).

7. P. A. M. Dirac, General Theory of Relativity, Prentice Hall of India, (2001).

8. W. Pauli, Theory of Relativity, Dover, (1981).

9. R. P. Feynman, F. B. Moronigo, and W. G. Wagner, Feynman Lectures on Gravitation, Addison-

Wesley, (1995).

10. S. Wienberg, Gravitation and Cosmology, John Wiley, (2004) (Indian Reprinting).

11. Satya Prakash, Relativistic Mechanics, Pragati Prakashan, Meerut.

Session (2015-16)

14

MSP106: COMMUNICATION SKILLS

Maximum Marks:50

External Marks:40

Internal Assesment:10


eight short answer type questions covering the entire syllabus. Two questions will be from each

unit. Student will have to attempt one question from each unit. Each question shall carry equal

marks.

Unit-I

Human Communication (Theoretical perspective): Its uniqueness, its nature, models of

communication .Types of Human communication. Language, non-verbal communication, logic and

reasoning, lateral thinking. The concept of facilitating: factors , barriers and filters in

communication ; the seven C’s of effective communication . Preparing for interviews ,CV/Biodata.

Unit -II

Self communication , interpersonal communication , dyadic communication , small group

communication. Public communication . Mass Communication . Reliability of communication.

Input and Evaluation Processes (Practice): Listening (process, comprehension, evaluation). Reading

(process, comprehension, evaluation). Watching (process, comprehension, evaluation). Email Do’s

and Don’ts.

Unit-III

Output and Interaction Processes (Practice): Speech (conversation, interview, group discussion,

public speech). Writing (spontaneous writing, guided writing, creative writing). Organizing ideas

(noting, summary, flow charts, concept maps). Correspondence (personal, business).

Unit-IV

Science / Scientific Writing (Theory and practice): Goals and Objectives. Ethics in writing.

Structure of documents. Language and grammar. Illustrations and aids. Writing proposals and

instructions. Making presentations. Formatting documents. Drafts and revisions. Editing.

Writingpopular science / journal article.

Suggested Texts and References:

1. Communicating a social and career focus, K. M. Berko, Andrew D. Wolvyn and Darlyn R.

Wolvyn, Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston (1977)

2. The Craft of Scientific Writing (3rd Edition), Michael Alley, Springer, New York (1996)

3. Science and Technical Writing – A Manual of Style (2nd Edition), Philip Reubens (General

editor), Routledge, New York (2001)

4. Writing Remedies – Practical Exercises for Technical Writing Edmond H. Weiss,

Universities Press (India) Ltd., Hyderabad (2000)

5. Effective Technical Communication, M. Ashraf Rizvi, Tata Mc Graw – Hill Publishing Co.

Ltd., New Delhi (2005)

Session (2015-16)

15

MSP107 Practical Lab –I

[1] Design/study of a Regulated Power Supply.

[2] Design of a Common Emitter Transistor Amplifier.

[3] Experiment on Bias Stability.

[4] To study the frequency response of a single state negative feedback amplification for

various feedback circuit. Negative Feedback (voltage series/shunt and current series/shunt)

[5] To study rectifier and filter circuits and draw wave shapes.

[6] Study of Network theorems.

[7] To study the frequency variation in RC phase shift, Colpit and Hartley Oscillators.

[8] Frequency response of RC coupled Amplifier.

[9] Characteristics and applications of Silicon Controller Rectifier.

[10] Study of Emitter follower/Darlington Pair Amplifier model-C024

[11] Temperature effect on a transistor amplifier.

[12] Astable, Monostable and Bistable Multivibrater.

Session (2015-16)

16

MSP108 Practical Lab –II

[1] Measurement of resistivity of a semiconductor by four probe method at different

temperatures and Determination of band gap.

[2] Measurement of Hall coefficient of given semiconductor: Identification of type of

semiconductor and estimation of charge carrier concentration.

[3] To study the fluorescence spectrum of DCM dye and to determine the quantum yield of

fluorescence maxima and full width at hall maxima for this dye using monochromator.

[4] Michelson interferometer

[5] LED & Laser Diode Characteristics Apparatus

a) To Study I-V characteristics of LED and Diode Laser.

b) To Study P-I characteristics of LED and Diode Laser.

[6] To calibrate the prism spectrometer with mercury vapor lamp and hence to find out the

Cauchy’s constant.

[7] To study the characteristics of a Photovoltaic cell (p-n junction solar-cell)

a) the illumination characteristics

b) the I-V characteristics

c) Power- load characteristics

d) Areal characteristics

e) Spectral characteristics

[8] To determine the band gap of Ge Crystal.

[9] To determine the Dielectric constant of polar and non polar liquids

[10] To determine the Magnetic susceptibility of a solid sample.

[11] To study B-H curve of a given ferrite sample and find energy loss in case of ferrite Core.

[12] To study the plateau characteristics of G.M counter and to find the absorption co-efficient

of Al- foil.

Session (2015-16)

17

MSP110: SELF STUDY PAPER

(Renewable Energy Science)

Renewable energy resources: Forms enery. Basics of thermodynamics: Heat capacity. Heat

transfer mechanism, Entropy, first and second law of Thermodynamics. Carnot cycle, Rankine

cycle. Fossil fuels and time scale of fossil fuels. Solar energy: Sun as a source of energy and its

energy transport to the earth. Extraterrestrial and terrestrial solar radiations. Measurement

techniques of solar radiations using pyranometer and pyrheliometer.

Materials and solar cell technology : Single, poly and amorphous silicon, GaAs, CdS ,

fabrication of single and polycrystalline silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon solar cells,

photovoltaic systems, and technical problems. Wind Energy Origin and classification of winds,

Aerodynamics of windmill: Maximum power, and Forces on the Blades and thrust on turbines;

Wind data collection and field estimation of wind energy, Site selection, Basic components of

wind mill, Types of wind mill, Wind energy farm, Hybrid wind energy systems: The present

Indian Scenario

Suggested Readings:

1. Peter A., Advances in energy systems and technology, Academic Press, USA, 1986.

2. Neville C.R., Solar energy conversion: The solar cell, Elsevier North-Holland, 1978.

3. Dixon A.E. and Leslie J.D., Solar energy conversion, Pergamon Press, New York

Session (2015-16)

18

MSP201: STATISTICAL MECHANICS

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Phase space, Ensembles, Liouville’s theorem, conservation of extension, equation of

motion, Equal a priori probability, Statistical equilibrium, Micro canonical ensemble, Quantization of

phase space, classical limit, symmetry of wave functions, effect of symmetry on counting various

distributions using micro-canonical ensemble.

Unit-II

Entropy of an ideal gas. Gibbs paradox, Sackur-Tetrode equation, Entropy of a system in contact with a

reservoir, Ideal gas in a canonical ensemble, Grand canonical ensemble, Ideal gas in Grand canonical

ensemble , Comparison of various ensembles. Quantum distribution using other ensembles.

Unit-III

Transition from classical statistical mechanics to quantum statistical mechanics, Indistinguishability and

quantum statics, identical particles and symmetry requirements, Bose Einstein statistics, Fermi Dirac

statics, Maxwell Boltzmann statics. Bose Einstein Condensation Thermal properties of B.E. gas, liquid

Helium, Energy and Pressure of F-D gas. Electrons in metals, Thermionic Emission.

Unit-IV

Special topics: The Chandrasekhar limit, Saha ionization formula, System of interacting particles, Debye

approximation, Van der Waals equation; Weiss molecular-field approximation.

Suggested Readings:

1. Statistical Mechanics by K Huang

2. Statistical Mechanics by B.K. Aggarwal and M. Eisner

3. Statistical Mechanics by R.K Patharia

4. Statistical Mechanics by Donalad A Mc Quarrie

5. Elementary Statistical Mechanics by Gupta and Kumar

6. Statistical Mechanics by R kubo

7. Statistical Physics Landau and Lisfshitz

Session (2015-16)

19

MSP202: NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Two-Nucleon Problem and Nuclear Forces; The deuteron: binding energy, dipole moment, quadrupole moment and the evidence of non-central

(Tensor) force, spin dependence of nuclear force. Nucleon-nucleon scattering; s-wave effective range

theory, charge independence and charge symmetry of nuclear force, Iso-spin formalism.

Unit-II

Nuclear Models:

Liquid drop model, stability of nuclei, fission: evidence of shell structure, the shell model spin parity and

magnetic moment in extreme single particle model, collective excitations, collective vibrations of a

spherical liquid drop, Rotational Spectra.

Unit-III

Nuclear decays and nuclear reactions:

Alpha, Beta and Gamma decays, Selection rules, Fermi’s theory of beta decay, selection rules,

comparative half lines, Kurie plot, Fermi and Gamow-Teller Transitions; parity non-conservation in beta

decay, Reaction cross- section, compound nuclear reactions and direct reactions, the optical model, Breit-

Winger resonance formula for l=0. Stripping reaction, Pick-up reactions, Excitation function, Bohr’s

model, nuclear fission and fusion reactions.

Unit-IV

Elementary Particle:

Basic interactions in nature: Gravitational, Electromagnetic, weak and strong, classification of

elementary particles, Leptons Hadrons, Mesons, Baryons. Conservation Laws for Elementary Particles,

Baryon, Lepton and Muon number, Strangeness and Hypercharge, Gelleman-Nishijima formula. Quark

model, SU (2) and SU (3) Symmetries, Parities of subatomic particles, CHARGE conjugation, Time

reversal, C, P & T Invariance.

Suggested Readings:

1. A. Bhor and B.R Mottelson, Nuclear Structure, vol. 1 (1969) and vol.2 (1975),

2. Benjamin, Reading A, 1975

3. Kenneth S. Kiane, Introductory Nuclear Physics , Wiley, New York , 1988

4. Ghoshal, S.N Atomic and Nuclear Physics Vol.2

5. P.H. Perkins, Introduction to high Energy Physics, Addison-Wesley, London, 1982

6. A Person and A Bhaduri: Nuclear Physics

7. H. Frauenfelder and E. Henley: Subatomic Physics

Session (2015-16)

20

MSP203: QUANTUM MECHANICS-II Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Variational methods and Time Dependent Perturbation Theory:

Ground state of Helium by both variational and perturbation methods; The Hydrogen methods; WKB

approximation; Time dependent perturbation theory; Constant perturbation; Harmonic perturbation;

Fermi’s golden rule; Adiabatic and sudden approximation.

Unit-II

Foundations(Introductory ideas): The EPR paradox, Quantum entanglement; Bell’s theorem, The N-Clone theorem, Schrödinger’s cat;

Decoherence, Quantum Zeno paradox.

Unit-III

Collision in 3D and scatting:

Laboratory and C.M. reference frames; scattering amplitude; Differential scattering cross section and

total scattering cross section; The optical theorem; Scattering by spherically symmetry potential; Partial

waves and phase shifts; Scattering by a perfect rigid sphere and by square well potential; Complex

potential and absorption; The Born approximation.

Unit-IV

Identical particles:

The principle of indistinguishibility; symmetric and anti symmetric wave function; Spin and statistics of

identical particles; The Slatter determinant; The Pauli Exclusion principle ; Spin states of a two electron

system; States of the helium atom; Collision of identical particles.

Suggested Readings:

1. Quantum Mechanics by Ghatak and Loknathan

2. Quantum Mechanics by Powell and Crassman

3. Quantum Mechanics by S. Gasiorowicz

4. Quantum Mechanics by A.P. Messiah

5. Modern Quantum Mechanics by J.J. Sakurai

6. Quantum Mechanics by L.I. Schiff

7. Quantum Mechanics by Mathews and Venkatensan.

Session (2015-16)

21

MSP204: NON-LINEAR OPTICS

Maximum Marks:75



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Introduction to nonlinear optics:

Introduction to nonlinear optics, Maxwell’s eqs. in nonlinear medium, anharmonic oscillator, nonlinear

polarization & susceptibilities. Steady-state& transient nonlinear optical effects, slowly varying envelope

approximation.

UNIT-II

Three wave mixing phenomena, sum & difference frequency generation, phase matching conditions,

parametric amplification and oscillation, single resonant parametric oscillator, Second Harmonic

Generation, second harmonic generation conversion efficiency.

UNIT-III

Four wave mixing phenomena degenerate four wave mixing, Cascaded nonlinearities in & second-order

media, stimulated Raman & Brillouin scattering, shortpulse generation. Two photon absorption Optical

phase conjugation (OPC), Photorefractive Effect and their applications, Optical logic group velocity

dispersion.

UNIT-IV

Self focusing phenomena and its applications, optical soliton, Interaction between ideal two level atom

and coherent field (semiclassical approach), induced dipole moment, brief idea about transient coherent

effects. Selection criteria of nonlinear optical materials optical breakdown.

Suggested Readings:

1. The Principle of Nonlinear Optics, Y.R.Shen, John Wiley, 1984.

2. Quantum Electronics, A. Yariv, J. Wiley, 1989.

3. Nonlinear Optics: Basic Concepts, D.L. Mills, Narosa, 1991.

4. Laser & Electro Optics: Fundamentals & Engineering, C.C.Davis, 1996.

5. Fundamentals of Photonics, Saleh & Teich, J. Wiley, 1992.

Session (2015-16)

22

MSP205: EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN PHYSICS

Maximum Marks:75



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

Experimental Techniques to observe the defects in Lattice: Electron Microscopy, and XRD. Optical

Techniques:PI (Photo Luminescence), FTIR and Raman Spectroscopic techniques . Experimental

methods of observing dislocations and stacking faults. Electron microscopy: Kinematical theory of

diffraction contrast and lattice imaging.

UNIT-II

Surface Analytical Techniques: Electron Spectroscopies-Auger, XPS (ESCA), UV-photo emission, X-ray

absorption techniques: EXAFS, NEAFS, Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS), Rutherford Back

Scattering (RBS) and low Energy electron diffraction techniques.

Unit-III

Opto-Electronic Devices : Solar Cells, Photo Diodes, Photo-detectors, LEDs; Data Interpretation and

Analysis. Precision and Accuracy, Error Analysis, Propagation of Errors, Least Squares fitting. Linear

and Non-linear curve fitting, Chi-square test, Modulation Techniques: Amplitude Modulation, Frequency

Modulation.

UNIT-IV

Spectroscopic and Scanning Probe Techniques: Detailed study of spectroscopic techniques: ESR

(electron spin resonance) and NMR; Scanning Probe Techniques: STM (Scanning Tunneling

Microscopy), AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy), STS (Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy).

Suggested Readings:

1. Crystal Growth and Characterization by R. Ueda and J.B. Mullin

2. Experimental Techniques of Surface Science by Woodruff and Delchar

3. Solid State Physics by Ibach and Luth

4. Solid Surfaces by Ibach

5. Solid Surfaces by Prutton

6. Physics at Surfaces by Zangwill

7. Solid State Physics by Puri & Babbar

8. X-ray Crystallography by Azaroff

Session (2015-16)

23

MSP206: Practical Lab –III

[1] To study the characteristics of a junction transition and determination of FET parameters.

[2] Experiments on FET and MOSFET characterization and application as an amplifier.

[3] Experiment on Uni-junction Transistor and its application.

[4] Digital I : Basic Logic Gates, TTL, NAND and NOR.

[5] Digital II : Combinational Logic.

[6] Flip-Flops.

[7] Exp. Board on Timer (555) Applications Model- A005

[8] Study of frequency Multiplication using PLL, Model –A011

[9] Operational Amplifier(741)

[10] Differential Amplifier.

[11] Push-Pull Amp.

a) To study the output waveforms of push- pull amplifier in different classes of operation.

b) To plot the frequency response of push- pull amplifier in class AB

[12] Chopper Amplifier

a) To study chopper waveforms and the leakage current compensation for FET switch

b) To ensure the gain of chopper amplifier and to study the recovery of original signal

[13] Semiconductor Laser

a) To measure the numerical aperture of an optical fiber

b) Determination of wavelength of laser source using grating

c) Determination of Particle size

Session (2015-16)

24

MSP207: Practical Lab –IV

[1] To study Faraday effect using He-Ne Laser.

[2] Testing goodness of fit of poison distribution to cosmic ray bursts by chi-square test.

[3] Determination of Half Life of 'In'.

[4] Determination of range of Beta-rays from Ra and Cs.

[5] X-ray diffraction by Telexometer.

[6] Determination of Ionization Potential of Lithium.

[7] Determination of e/m of electron by Normal Zeeman Effects using Febry Perot Etalon.

[8] Determination of Dissociation Energy of Iodine (1) Molecule by photography the

absorption bands of I in the visible region.

[9] To find Flashing and Quenching voltage of Neon gas and determine the capacitance of a

unknown capacitor.

[10] To determine the value of e/m i.e. specific charge for an electron by Helical Method.

[11] Stefan’s constant by the black copper radiation plates (Electrical Method).

[12] To determine the heat capacity of solids

[13] To verify the existence of different harmonics and measure their relative amplitudes using

Fourier Analysis kit

[14] To determine Boltzman Constant (k) make use of the black body Radiation and using

Wien’s displacement law and Stefan’ s law

[15] To determine Planck’s Constant (h) by measuring the voltage drop across light-emitting

diodes (LEDs) of different colours

Session (2015-16)

25


Liquid and Polymer Physics

Liquid State:

Classification of liquids (ionic, molecular and simple) – potential functions – structural

determinations – molecular motions in liquids. Ideal and nonideal solutions – Henry’s law –

activity coefficient – binary mixtures – excess thermodynamic properties – two component

system with solid and liquid phases – dielectric and acoustic properties of solutions.

Polymer Physics:

Classification – molecular weight and size – addition polymerization and copolymerization –

determination of molecular weight and size – structure properties: crystal structure of polymers –

morphology of crystalline polymers XRD studies – viscoelasticity of polymers – acoustical

technique – glassy state and glass transition – properties of commercial polymers.

Suggested Reading:

1. Introduction to Liquid State Physics C. A. Croxton John Wiley & Sons, 1975

2. Theory of Simple Liquids N. Pierre Hausen and Ion R. McDonald Academic Press, 1986

3. Text Book of Polymer Science Fred W. Billmeyer John Wiley & Sons 1984

4. Polymer Science V.R. Gowarikar, N. V. Vishwanath & Jayadev and Sreedhar Wiley

Eastern Ltd., 1987

Session (2015-16)

26

MSP301: CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Crystal Physics and Crystal Diffraction:

Crystalline solids, basis, lattice translation vectors, direct lattice, two and three dimensional Bravais

lattice, conventional unit cells of FCC,BCC, NaCl, CsCl, Diamond and cubic ZnS, primitive lattice cells

of FCC, BCC and HCP; Closed packed structures; packing fraction of simple cubic, bcc, fcc, hcp and

diamond structures. Interaction of x-rays with matter, absorption of x-rays.

Unit-II

Lattice Vibration and Defects in Crystals:

Vibration of one dimensional mono – and diatomic- chains, phonon momentum, density of normal modes

in one and three dimensions, quantization of lattice vibrations, measurements of phonon dispersion using

inelastic scattering, Brillouin Scattering and Raman scattering, Point defects , line defects and

planer(stacking) faults, Fundamental ideas of the role of dislocation in plastic deformation and crystal

growth, the observation of imperfection in crystals, x-ray and electron microscope techniques.

Unit-III

Electronic Properties of Solids and Energy Bands:

Electron in periodic lattice, Bloch theorem, Kroning-Penny model and band theory, Classification of

solids, Effective mass, Weak-binding method and its application to linear lattice, tight-binding method

and its application to cubic bcc and fcc crystals, concept of holes, Fermi surface: construction of Fermi

Surface in two dimensions, de Hass van effect, cyclotron resonance, magnetoresistance, Hall effect

Thermo-electric power, Drude model of Electrical Conductivity & Thermal Conductivity.

Unit-IV

Ferromagnetism, Anti-ferromagnetism and Superconductivity:

Weiss theory of ferromagnetism Heisenberg model and molecular field theory of ferromagnetism, spin

waves and magnons, Curie-weiss law for susceptibility. Ferri and Anti Ferro-magnetic order. Domain and

Bloch wall energy. Occurrence of superconductivity; Meissner effect, Type-I and Type-II

superconductors, Mixed state of type-II , Flux Quantization; Heat capacity, Energy Gap, Isotope effect ,

Session (2015-16)

27

London equation, Coherence length, Postulates of BCS theory of superconductivity, BCS ground state,

Persistent current. High temperature oxide super conductors (Introduction and discovery)


1. Verma and Srivastava: Crystallography for Solid State Physics

2. Azaroff: Introduction of Solids

3. Omar: Elementary Solid State Physics

4. Aschroft & Mermin : Solid State Physics

5. Chaikin and Lubensky: Principles of Condensed Matter Physics

6. H. M. Rosenberg: The Solid State

Session (2015-16)

28

MSP302: ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

The Field Effect Transistor: The junction field Effect Transistor: Basic structure & Operation, pinch off voltage, single ended

geometry of JFET, V-I Characteristics, Transfer Characteristics. MOSFET: Enhancement MOSFET,

Threshold Voltage, Depletion MOSFET, Comparison of p & n Channel FET’s and JFET low frequency

common source amplifiers.

UNIT-II

Transistor and Differential Amplifier: Transistor: NPN and PNP Transistor, Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), V-I Characteristics of Bipolar

Junction Transistor, Load Line.

Differential Amplifier: Circuit configuration, dual input balanced output differential amplifier, D.C. &

A.C. analysis, Inverting and Non-inverting inputs, CMRR – constant current bias level translator.

UNIT-III

Operational Amlifier and Applications of Operational Amlifier: Operational Amlifier: Block diagram, open loop configuration, inverting & non-inverting amplifier, OP-

AMP with negative feedback– Voltage series feedback, Effect of feedback on closed loop voltage gain,

Input resistance, output resistance, band width, outputoffset voltage.

OP-AMP Application : DC and AC amplifer, summing, scaling and Averaging amplifier, Integrator,

Differentiator, Electronic analog computation comparator.

UNIT-IV

Oscillators

Oscillators: principles, Types, frequency stability, Phase shift oscillator, Wein bridge oscillator, LC

tunable oscillator, Square wave,Triangular wave and pulse generator; Monostable, Astable and Bistable

multivibrators; Cathode ray oscilloscope (C.R.O.).

Suggested Readings:

1. Digital Principle and applications by A.P. Malvino and D. Leach, Tata McGraw Hill.

2. Measurement and Instrumentation by M.Sayer and Mansingh, Prentice Hall, India (2000)

3. Experimental Design in Physics and Engineering by Ajoy Ghatak

4. OP-Amps & Linear integrated Circuits by Ramakanth A. Gayakwad, Second Edition, 1991

5. Integrated Electronics by J.Millman and CC.HaLkias, Tata MagGraw Hall

Session (2015-16)

29

MSP303 : ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

One Electron System and Pauli principle.

Quantum states of one electron atoms, atomic orbitals, Hydrogen spectrum, Pauli principle, Spectra of

alkali elements, spin orbit interaction and fine structure in alkali spectra. Spectra of two electron systems,

equivalent and non equivalent electrons

Unit-II

The Influence of External Fields: Two electron system Hyperfine structure and Line Broadening:

Normal and anomalous Zeeman effect, Paschen back effect, Stark effect, Two electron systems,

interaction energy in LS and jj coupling , Hyperfine structure (magnetic and electric, only qualitative).

Hartree Fock method.

Units-III

Diatomic molecules and their rotational spectra: Types of molecules, Diatomic linear symmetric top,

asymmetric top and spherical top molecules , Rotational spectra of diatomic molecules as a rigid rotator,

energy levels and spectra of non-rigid rotor , intensity of rotational lines.

Unit-IV

Vibrational and Rotational Vibration Spectra of Diatomic Molecules: Vibrational energy of diatomic molecules, Diatomic molecule as a simple harmonic oscillator, Energy

levels and spectrum, Morse potential energy curve, Molecules as vibrating rotator, vibration spectrum

molecules, PQR Branches, Raman effect , Frank-Condon principle, Chemical Shift.

Suggested Readings:

1. Introduction to Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy by V.K. Jain

2. Introduction to Atomic Spectra by H.E. White

3. Fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy by C.B .Banwell

4. Spectroscopy Vol.1 and 2 by Walker and Staughen

5. Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy by G.M Barrow

6. Spectra of diatomic molecules by Herzberg

7. Molecular spectroscopy by Jeanne .L. McHale

8. Molecular spectroscopy by J.M Brown

9. Spectra of atoms and molecules by P.F. Bemath

10. Modern spectroscopy by J.M. Holias

Session (2015-16)

30

MSP304: RADIATION PHYSICS

Maximum Marks: 75



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

Radioactivity: Radioactivity, Types of Radioactive Material, Method of Measurement of Radioactivity, Standardization

of X ray and Gamma ray beam, Ionization Chamber for low, medium and high energy X ray and Gamma

rays, Burlin’s theory for Measurement of Radiation Quantity. Types of nuclear radiation; sources of

radiation- alpha, beta, gamma, X-rays, synchrotron, radiation, bremsstrahlung, Cherenkov radiation.

UNIT-II

Interaction of Radiation with matter and Radiation Protection: Charged particles, gamma rays, neutrons Stopping power; Photoelectric effect, Compton effect and Pair

production; Nuclear Radiation and effect on humans: Radiation units, safe limits stochastic and

probabilistic, radiation protection.

UNIT-III

Radiation detection:

A. materials – active v/s passive; gas, scintillator, semiconductor

B. detector types - Ionisation chamber, proportional counter, GM counter, scintillation detector,

semiconductor detector, thermo-luminescent dosimeter, solid state track detectors

C. Counting techniques, pulse processing- data acquisition/storage

UNIT-IV

Radiation Therapy and Nuclear Reactions: Radiation Therapy, beam therapy, X ray therapy, Telegamma therapy, Treatment planning in teletherapy.

special safety consideration for accelerator installation. Nuclear reactions: Fusion and Fission reactions.

Suggested Readings:

1. Attix F. H. et al, Radiation Dosimetry Vol. I, II and III, Academic Press NY (1968).

2. Faiz M. Khan, The Physics of Radiation Therapy

3. James E Turner, Atoms, Radiation & Radiation Press, Pergamon Press (1986).

4. Merril Eisenbud, Environmental Radioactivity, Academic Press, Oriando (1978).

Session (2015-16)

31

MSP305 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Maximum Marks: 75

External Examination:60


Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

External symmertry elements of crystals. Concept of point groups. Influence of symmetry on physical

properties: Electrical conductivity. derivation of equivalent point positions (with examples from triclinic

and monoclinic systems).

UNIT-II

Synthesis and preparation of materials: Gas to solid synthesis and preparation-

(i) Vapour Deposition (ii) Chemical vapour deposition (iii) Sputtering Liquid to solid synthesis

and preparation:

(i) Crystal growth from the melt (ii) Liquid quenching (iii) Crystallization from solution.

UNIT-III

Principle of powder diffraction method, interpretation of powder photographs, analytical indexing: Ito’s

method. Accurate determination of lattice parameters – least-square method. Applications of powder

method. Oscillation and Buerger’s precession methods.

Determination of relative structure amplitudes from measured intensities (Lorentz and polarization

factors), Fourier representation of electron density. The phase problem,

Patterson function.

UNIT-IV

Carbon nanotubule based electronic devices. Definition and properties of nanostructured materials.

Methods of synthesis of nanostructured materials. Special experimental techniques for characterization of

nonostructured materials. Quantum size effect and its applications.

Suggested Readings:

1. Azaroff: X-ray Crystallography

2. Weertman & Weertman: Elementary Dislocation Theory

3. Verma & Srivastava: Crystallography for Solid State Physics

4. Kittel: Solid State Physics

5. Azaroff & Buerger: The Powder Method

6. Buerger: Crystal Structure Analysis

7. M.Ali Omar: Elementary Solid State Physics

8. The physics of Quasicrystals, Eds. Steinhardt and Ostulond

9. Handbook of Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology (Vol. 1 to 4) Ed. Hari Singh Nalwa

Session (2015-16)

32

MSP306: Practical Lab –V

[1] To study the low pass, High Pass and Band Pass filters using active and passive elements.

[2] Lattice dynamic kit

a) Study of the Dispersion relation for the “Monoatomic Lattice” and Comparison with

theory.

b) Determination of the Cut-off frequency of the Monoatomic Lattice.

c) Study of the Dispersion relation for the Di-atomic Lattice, Acoustical mode and Energy

gap and Comparison with theory.

[3] To determine the Lande- g factor of DPPH using ESR spectrometer.

[4] To determine the wavelength of He-Ne laser light using an engraved scale as a diffraction

grating.

[5] Measurement of lattice parameters and indenning of powder photographs.

[6] To study of dielectric constant as a function of temperature and determine the Curie

temperature

[7] To trace the B-H loop (hysteresis) of a ferromagnetic specimen and evaluation of energy

loss in the specimen as the function of temperature

[8] To determine the Dielectric Constant of different solid samples

[9] Interpretation of transmission Lauc photographs.

[10] Determination of orientation a/c crystal by back reflection lane method.

[11] Rotation/Oscillation photographs and their interpretation.

[12] To study the modulus of rigidity and internal friction in metals as a function of temperature

[13] Study of lead tin phase diagram

Session (2015-16)

33

MSP307: Practical Lab –VI

[1] To determine the capacitance of a parallel plate Capacitor using Capacitance and

permittivity kit

[2] To measure the clearage step height of crystal by Multiple Fizeane fringes.

[3] To obtain multiple beak fringes of equal chromatic order. To determine crystal step height

and study birefringence.

[4] To measure refractive indices of liquids, transparent and translucent solutions and solids

using Abbe- Refractometer

[5] To find the velocity and compressibility of solid/ liquid sample using Ultrasonic

Interferometer

[6] To determine magneto resistance of a Bismuth crystal as a function of magnetic field.

[7] To study hysteresis in the electrical polarization of a TGS crystal and measure the Curie

temperature.

[8] To measure the dislocation density of a crystal by etching.

[9] To study dielectric properties of liquids & Solids

[10] Fiber Optics communication

a) Setting up a Fiber Optic Analog Link.

b) Study of losses in Optical Fiber:

c) Measurement of Propagation Loss.

d) Measurement of Bending Loss.

e) Study of characteristics of Fiber Optic LED & Detector.

f) Measurement of Numerical Aperture.

g) Study of Frequency Modulation & Demodulation using Fiber Optic Link.

h) Setting up a Fiber Optic Digital Link.

i) Study of Modulation & Demodulation of light source by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

j) Study of Modulation & Demodulation of Light source by Pulse Position Modulation

(PPM)

k) Forming PC to PC Communication Link using Optical Fiber and RS-232 Interface.

l) Setting up a Fiber Optic Voice Link.

To write computer programs and execute for the following:-

[11] Matrix multiplication for two or more matrices

[12] To arrange numbers in ascending /descending orders

[13] To make a list of prime numbers between 1 and 100

[14] To find the H.C.F. of three numbers.

[15] To find the sum of some special infinite series

Session (2015-16)

34


PHYSICS OF AMORPHOUS MATERIALS

Amorphous Materials:

Definitions – preparations of amorphous materials (a) thermal evaporation (b) sputtering (c) melt

quenching (d) Gel desiccation (e) solid state diffusional amorphization – Glasses: The glasses

transition – theories of glass transition – glass forming systems.

Microscopic Structure of Amorphous Materials:

Diffraction – X-ray absorption spectroscopy – magnetic resonance – structural modeling: Dense

random packing – continuous random packing. Theory of ionic conductivity – ionic conductivity

in crystalline solids and amorphous solids – electrode polarization – solid electrolyte and fast ion

conductors – criterion for fast ion conductors – frequency dependence transport.

Suggested Readings:

1. Glass: Structure by Spectroscopy J. Wong and C. A. Angell Dekker, 1976

2. Chemistry of Glasses A. Paul Chapman and Hall 1990

3. Principles of Electronic Ceramics I.L. Hench and J. K. West John Wiley & Sons

4. The Physics of Amorphous Solids R. Zallen Wiley 1983

Session (2015-16)

35

MSP401: COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Numerical Integration and Differentiation:

Roots of Eqns. and CurveFitting. Numerical Integration: Newton-cotes formulae, Trapojoidal rule,

Simpson's 1/3rule; Gauss-Legender quadrature method; Monte carlo (meansampling) method for single,

double and tripple integrals.

Numerical Differentiation: Generalized numerical diffrerentiation: truncation errors. Roots of Linear,

Non-linear Algebraic and Transcendental Eqns. : Newton -Raphson methods; convergence of solutions.

Curve Fitting: Principle of least square; Linear regression ; Polynomial regression;Exponetial and

Geometric regression.

Unit-II

Interpolation, Solution of Simultaneous Linear Eqns., Eigen valuesand Eigen vectors:

Interpolation: Finite differences; Interpolation with equally spaced points; Gregory-Newton's

Interpolation formula for forward and backward interpolation; Interpolation with unequally spaced points

: Lagrangian interpolation. Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations : Gaussian Elimination method,

Pivioting; Gauss- Jordan elimination method; Matrix inversion. Eigen values and Eigen vectors : Jacobi's

method for symmetric matrix.

Unit-III

Numerical Solution of First and Second Order Differential Eqns:

Numerical Solution of First Order Differential Eqns: First order Taylor Series method; Euler's method;

Runge Kutta methods; Predictor corrector method; Elementary ideas of solutions of partial differential

eqns. Numerical Solutions of Second Order Differential Eqns: Initial and boundary value problems :

shooting methods Programming

UNIT-IV

Computer basics, Operating system and FORTRAN 77 :

Computer basics and operating system : Elementary information about digital computer principles;

basic ideas of operating system, DOS and its use (using various commands of DOS); Compilers;

interpretors; Directory structure; File operators. Introduction to FORTRAN 77 Data types: Integer and

Session (2015-16)

36

Floating point arithmatic; Fortran variables; Real and Interger variables; Input and Output statements;

Formates; Expressions; Built in functions; Executable and non-executable statements; Control statements;

Go To statement; Arithmatic IF and logical IF statements; Flow charts; Truncation errors,

Round off errors; Propagation of errors. Block IF statement; Do statement; Character DATA

management; Arrays and subscripted variables; Subprogrammes: Function and SUBROUTINE; Double

precision; Complex numbers; Common statement.

Suggested Readings:

1. Introductory methods of Numerical Analysis by Sastry

2. Numerical Analysis by Rajaraman

3. Programming with FORTRAN 77 by Ram Kumar

4. FORTRAN programming and Numerical methods by Desai

5. Numerical Methods with FORTRAN IV case studies by Dorn and Mc Cracken

6. Numerical methods for Mathematics, Science and Engineering by Mathew

7. Numerical methods for Scientific and Engineering Computation by Jain, Iyngar and Jain

8. An Introduction to Computer Simulation methods part I and Part II by Gould and Tobochnik

9. Introduction to Numerical methods and Fortran programming by Mc Calla

10. Computation Physics : An Introduction by Verma, Ahluwalia and Sharma

Session (2015-16)

37

MSP402: ELECTRODYNAMICS

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Electrodynamics inFour-Vector Notation:

Review of four-vector and Lorentz transformation in four dimensional Space; Conservation of charge

and current density; Electromagnetic field tensor in four dimensions, Maxwell’s equations in Free Space

and Dielectric Medium; Lorentz invariants of electromagnetic fields; Dual field tensor; Transformation of

electric and magnetic field vectors; Covariance of force equation.

Unit-II

Simple radiating systems:

Field and radiation of a localized source; Oscillating electric dipole; Centre fed linear antenna; Lineard-

Wiechert potential; Electric and magnetic fields due to a uniformaly moving charge and accelerated

charge; Linear and circular acceleration and angular distribution of power radiated.

Unit-III

Radiative reaction:

Radiative reaction force; Scattering and absorption of radiation; Thompson scattering and Rayleigh

scattering; Normal and anomalous dispersion; Ionosphere; Propagation of electromagnetic wave through

ionosphere; Reflection of electromagnetic waves by ionosphere; Motion of charged particles in uniform E

and B fields; Time varying fields; Perturbation theory of scattering ; scalar diffraction theory ; Scattering

at long wavelength.

Unit-IV

Wave guides and Transmission lines:

Fields at the surface of and within a conductor; Wave guide; Dielectric wave guides; Circuit

representation of parallel plate transmission lines; Transmission line equations and their solutions;

Characteristic impedance and propagation coefficient; Low loss radio frequency and UHF transmission

lines, Antenna, Multipole radiation in atoms and nuclei.

Suggested References:

1. Classical Electrodynamics by J.D. Jackson

2. Introduction to Electrodynamics by D.J. Griffiths

3. Electromagnetic by B.B. Laud

4. Classical Electricity and Magnetism by Panofsky and Phillips

5. Fundamentals of Electromagnetics by M.A. Wazed Miah

Session (2015-16)

38

MSP403: DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND MICROPROCESSOR

Maximum Marks: 100



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

Digital Logic Circuits

Digital Logic Circuits: Logic gates and logic families: DTL, TTL, Boolean algebra, development of

Boolean expressions: SOP, Minimization techniques: using laws of Boolean algebra, Karnaugh map.

Number Systems and their inter conversion, data representation: fixed-point representation,

floating point representation, error detection and correction: parity generator-checker.

UNIT-II

Combinational and Sequential logic circuits:

Combinational and Sequential logic circuits: binary adder, 4-bit adder-subtractor, flip-flops: RS flip-flop,

JK flip-flop, T-flip-flop, D-flip-flop, master-slave JK flip-flop.

Registers: controlled buffer register, shift registers; Counters: ring counter, asynchronous counter,

synchronous counter, modulus counter.

Unit-III

Introduction to Microprocessor and 8085 Microprocessor

Microprocessor evolution and types, Architecture of 8085 microprocessor: register organization, bus

organization, ALU and controls, classification of 8085 instructions, addressing modes, fetch and

execution of instructions, data transfer: memory-mapped I/O and peripheral mapped I/O, interrupted

driven data transfer, programmable interrupt controller, DMA data transfer, DMA controller,

assembly language programming.

UNIT-IV

Applications of 8085 and Introduction to 16-bit microprocessors:

Applications of 8085: Designing of a microcomputer system: Hardware design, software design, Transfer

of data between two microcomputers in distributed processing, Temperature monitoring system, data

acquisition system: 8085 based temperature monitoring system.

Introduction to 16-bit microprocessors: Intel 8086: architecture, addressing modes and

instruction set.

Suggested Readings:

1. A.P. Malvino, Digital Computer Electronics, Tata McGraw Hill.

2. A.P. Malvino and D. Leach, Digital Principle and applications, Tata McGraw Hill.

3. Morris-Mano, Computer System Architecture, PHI.

4. R.S. Gaonkar, Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications. Wiley Eastern Ltd.

5. M. Raffiquzzaman, Microprocessor: Theory and Application, Prentice Hall Of India.

6. Ghosh and Sridhar, Introduction to Microprocessor for Engineers and Scientists, Prentice Hall Of

India.

7. D.V. Hall, Microprocessor and Interfacing, Tata McGraw Hill.

Session (2015-16)

39

MSP404: PHYSICS OF NANO-MATERIALS

Maximum Marks:75


Internal Assessment:15

Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

Free electron theory ( qualitative idea) and its features, Idea of band structure, Metals, insulators and

semiconductors, Density of states in bands, Variation of density of states with energy, Variation of

density of states and band gap with size of crystal.

UNIT-II

Electron confinement in infinitely deep square well, confinement in one and two dimensional well, Idea

of quantum well structure, Quantum wires and Quantum dots.

UNIT-III

Different methods of preparation of nanomaterials, Bottomup: Cluster beam evaporation, Ion beam

deposition, Chemical bath deposition with capping techniques and Top down: Ball Milling.

UNIT-IV

Determination of particle size, Increase in width of XRD peaks of nano-particles, Shift in

photoluminescence peaks, Variation in Raman spectra of nano-materials.


1. Gan-Moog Chow, Nanotechnology Molecularly

2. Kenneth E.Gonsalves Designed materials American Chemical Society

3. D. Bimerg Quantum dot heterostructures John Wiley & Sons, 1998

4. B.C. Crandall Nano technology: Speculations on global abundance Molecular, MIT Press, 1996

5. John H. Davies Physics of low dimensional Semiconductors Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997

6. K.P. Jain Physics of semiconductor nano Structures Narosa 1997

7. Harvey C. Hoch, Nano fabrication and bio system: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996

Session (2015-16)

40

MSP405 THIN FLIMS AND DEVICES

Maximum Marks: 75



Time: 3 Hrs




carry equal marks.

UNIT-I Structure and symmetries of liquids, liquid crystals and amorphous solids. Aperiodic solids and

quasicrystals; Fibonaccy sequence, Penrose lattices and their extension to 3-dimensions. Special carbon

solids; fullerenes and tubules; formation and characterization of fullerenes and tubules. Single

wall and multi-wall carbon tubules. Electronic properties of tubules.

Unit II

Vacuum- Definition and limits; Generation of vacuum pumps (Rotary, Diffusion and Cryogenic pumps);

Methods of Preparation/synthesis of Thin films: Vacuum evaporation, Cathode sputtering, Anodic

oxidation, Plasma ionization, Chemical vapour deposition(CVD), Ion‐assisted deposition(IAD), Laser

ablation, Longmuir Blochet film, Sol‐gel film deposition.

Unit III

Thickness measurements: Resistance, capacitance, microbalance, Quartz crystal thickness

monitor,Optical absorption, Multiple beam interference, Interference colour, Ellipsometry methods.

Influence of various factors on final structure of thin films, Crystallographic structure of thin films.

Properties of thin films: Conductivity of metal films, Electrical properties of semiconductor thin films.

Unit IV

Dielectric deposition‐ silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, polysilicon deposition,

metallization, electromigration, silicides. Thin film transistors, thin film multilayers, optical filters,

mirrors, sensors and detectors. Dielectric properties of thin films, Optical properties of thin films.

Suggested References:

1. Ludmila Eckertova, Physics of thin films, 2nd Revised edition, Plenum Press, New York,

2. 1986 (Reprinted 1990),

3. K.L. Chopra, Thin film phenomena, Mc‐Graw Hill, New York, 1969.

4. L. C. Feldman and J.W. Mayer, Fundamentals of surface and Thin Films Analysis, North

5. Holland, Amsterdam, 1986.

6. S.M. Sze, Semiconductor Devices‐Physics and Technology, John Wiley,1985.

7. R.W. Berry, P.M.Hall and M.T. Harris, Thin film technology, Van Nostrand, New Jersey,

8. 1970, K.L.Chopra and LK.Malhotra (ed),

9. Thin Film Technology and Applications, T.M.H. Publishing Co., New Delhi (1984).

Session (2015-16)

41

MSP406: Practical Lab –VII

[1] Pulse position/Pulse width Modulation/Demodulation

[2] FSK Modulation Demodulation using Timer/PLL

[3] Microwave characterization and Measurement

[4] PLL circuits and applications

[5] BCD to Seven Segment display

[6] To study digital to analog and analog to digital conversion (DAC to ADC) circuit.

[7] Experiments using various types of memory elements

[8] Addition, subtraction, multiplication & division using 8085/8086.

[9] Motor Speed control, Temperature control using 8086.

[10] Trouble shooting using signature analyzer

[11] To study various applications of op-amp

a) Op- amp as an integrator

b) Op- amp as an differentiator

[12] To study the frequency response of a two stages

a) Transformer coupled amplifier

b) Choke coupled amplifier.

[13] To study the digital comparator, 3 to 8 line Decoder and tri-state digital O/P circuits.

[14] To study analog voltage comparator circuit

[15] Integrating & Differentiating Ckt.

[16] To study the binary module-6 and 8 decade counter and shift register.

[17] Half & Full Adder Model-A084

[18] Half & Full Subtractor Model – A094

[19] Study of Frequency Modulation and Demodulation

[20] Study of pulse Amplitude Modulations & Demodulation model-C019

[21] Transfer characteristics of TTL inverter and TTL trigger inverter with two digital volt

meter, model-D518

[22] Study of Module-N Counter using Programmable Counter IC 74190 with input Logics

with LED display model D526

Session (2015-16)

42

MSP407: Practical Lab –VIII

1. Computer Graphics

2. List of programs using FOTRAN

a. Numerical Integration

b. Least square fitting

c. Numerical solutions of equations (single veriable)

d. Interpolation

e. Numerical solution of simultaneous linear algebraic equations

f. Numerical differentiation

g. Matrix inversion

h. Matrix eigen values.

i. Numerical solution of ordinary differential equation

j. Numerical Solution of second order ordinary differential equations

3. List of C++ programs

a. Write and run a program that reads a six digit integer and prints the sum of its six

digits.

b. Write a C++ program to solve a quadratic equation.

c. Write a C++ program that simulates a calculator.

d. Write and run a program to find the sum of the series of 'n2', where 'n' is an

integer.

e. Write a C++ program to implement the formula: C(n,k) = n!/k!(n-k)!

f. Write a C++ program to print the Pascal's Triangle.

g. Write a program that counts and prints the number of lines, words, and letter

frequencies in its input.

h. Implement a time class. Each object of this class represents a specific time of day,

sorting the hours, minutes and seconds as integers. Include a constructor, access

functions, a function advance( int h, int m, int s) to advance the current time of an

existing object, a function reset (int h, int m, int s)to reset the current time of an

existing object, and a print () function.

i. Implement a Card class, a composite Hand Class and a composite Deck class for

plane poker.

j. Using the concept of function overloading, write a program to calculate the volume

of a cube, cylinder and a rectangular box.

Session (2015-16)

43


Organic Electronics and Optoelectronics

Molecules to Aggregates-Organic molecules; covalent bond-sigma and pi bonds, electronic

structures of atoms and molecules; energy levels; organic films; organic solids; excited states of

aggregated films; excitons and exciton diffusion; Conducting polymers-oligomers,

semiconducting small organic molecules and their properties; Charge transport and optical

processes in organic films.

Organic light emitting diodes (OLED); fabrication techniques, performance, way to perceive

colors, conventional, transparent, inverted and flexible OLEDs, OLED based flexible display

technology; Organic thin films transistors (OTFT) – Fabrication techniques, performance,

applications, single molecule switch and memory element, organic nanotube transistors, OTFT

based display technology; Organic laser-Lasing process, optically pumped lasing structures,

applications; Organic multilayer photodetectors; organic photovoltaic cells; Organic spintronics-

spin transport through organic films, spin valves, applications.

References:

1. F. So, Organic Electronics: Materials, Processing, Devices and Applications, CRC Press,

2010.

2. H. Klauk, Organic Electronics: Materials, Manufacturing and Applications, Wiley- VCH,

2006.

3. G. Meller and T. Grasser, Organic Electronics, Springer, 2010.

4. W. Brutting, Physics of Organic Semiconductors, Wiley-VCH, 2005.

5. J. Kalinowski, Organic Light-Emitting Diodes: Principles, Characteristics, and Processes,

Marcel Dekker, 2005.

6. Z. Bao and J. Locklin, Organic Field Effect Transistors, CRC Press, 2007.

7. F. C. Krebs, Polymer Photovoltaics: A Practical Approach, SPIE Press, 2008.

8. Z. V. Vardeny, Organic Spintronics, CRC Press, 2010.

CH. BANSI LAL UNIVERSITY BHIWANI · 1. Classical Mechanics by N C Rana and P S Joag (Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1991) 2. Classical Mechanics by H Goldstein (Addison Wesley, 1980) 3. Mechanics

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