Minerals & Water Christine Dobrowolski Nutrition HO-15 age by theilr on Flickr
Minerals & Water
Christine DobrowolskiNutrition
HO-15
Image by theilr on Flickr
Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies, 13th Edition. © 2012 Cengage Learning, Inc
Most abundant mineral in the body
Calcium
Nerve transmission
Transport of ions
Blood pressure
Blood clotting
Muscle contraction
Phosphorus
P
Part of phospholipids
Buffer
• A T P• adenosine tri phosphate
Release of energy
Sodium and Chloride
Chloride is an anion - intake is as NaCl (table salt)
SodiumMost people get too much
much sodium
Usually from processed foods and fast food
Excess sodium does not cause hypertension - but
increases risk
Potassium
fluid and electrolyte balance
cell integrity
• Diets high in potassium help decrease the risk of hypertension
heartbeat
Iodine deficiency can cause?
Iodine Deficiency
Goiter
• irreversible mental and physical retardation
Iodine deficiency can cause cretinism
Iron
• Animal sources
Heme (~23%)
• Plant and animal sources
Non- heme (2-20%)
Increasing iron absorption
• Found in Meat, Fish, Poultry
MFP factor
Vitamin C
Iron Inhibitors
• Found in tea and coffee
Tannins
• Milk
Calcium and phosphorus
• Found in the fiber of legumes and whole-grain cereals, breads
Phytates
Iron in Meals
Chili with ground beef, beans, corn and tomatoes
Roast beef sandwich on whole grain bread
Spinach salad with a glass of orange juice
Iron fortified whole grain cereal with low fat milk
Zincwound healing
immune function
Fluoride
Deficiency dental carries
Toxicity Fluorosis
Selenium
A mineral which is an antioxidant
Vitamin C & E are also antioxidants
osteoporosisosteoporosis
Most important risk factor
calcium
vitamin D
Heart disease?
Bolland MJ, et al. Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular events. BMJ. 2011; 342:d2040.
or
Calcium
The Gatekeeper and the Traffic Cop
Vitamin D: Gatekeeper
Vitamin K: Traffic Cop
THE END