CH 5-1 Crusades

8/14/2019 CH 5-1 Crusades

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CH 5-1CH 5-1

CrusadesCrusades


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The 3 Major WesternThe 3 Major Western

ReligionsReligions

JudaismJudaism ChristianityChristianity IslamIslam

TorahTorah BibleBible KoranKoran

MosesMoses JesusJesus MuhammadMuhammad

JerusalemJerusalem JerusalemJerusalem MeccaMecca


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Holy LandHoly Land

All three religions think ofAll three religions think ofPalestine as a Holy LandPalestine as a Holy Land

Seljuq Turks (Islamic) tookSeljuq Turks (Islamic) tookPalestine in 1071 andPalestine in 1071 and

threatened Byzantinethreatened ByzantineByzantine Emperor askedByzantine Emperor asked

Pope Urban II for helpPope Urban II for help


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The BeginningsThe Beginnings

Pope Urban called for a militaryPope Urban called for a military

expedition (crusade) to rescue theexpedition (crusade) to rescue the

Holy Land from the MuslimsHoly Land from the MuslimsUndertake this journey for theUndertake this journey for the

forgiveness of your sins with theforgiveness of your sins with theassurance of everlasting glory in theassurance of everlasting glory in the

kingdom of Heaven Popekingdom of Heaven Pope TODAY Bush use of Crusade and evil doers, terrorist bombers 12 virginsTODAY Bush use of Crusade and evil doers, terrorist bombers 12 virgins


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Pope QuotesPope Quotes

Jerusalem is the center of the earth;Jerusalem is the center of the earth;the land is fruitful above all others,the land is fruitful above all others,like another paradise of delightslike another paradise of delights

Let those who have been accustomedLet those who have been accustomedunjustly to wage private warfareunjustly to wage private warfare

against the faithful now go against theagainst the faithful now go against theinfidels and end with victory this warinfidels and end with victory this warwhich should have been begun longwhich should have been begun long

ago.ago.


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From Jerusalem, a horrible tale has gone forth-From Jerusalem, a horrible tale has gone forth-namely, that a race from the kingdom ofnamely, that a race from the kingdom ofPersians has invaded the lands of thosePersians has invaded the lands of those

Christians and has depopulated them by theChristians and has depopulated them by thesword, pillage and fire.It has either entirelysword, pillage and fire.It has either entirelydestroyed the churches of God or appropriateddestroyed the churches of God or appropriated

them for the rites of its own religionthem for the rites of its own religion Enter upon the road to the Holy Sepulcher (tombEnter upon the road to the Holy Sepulcher (tomb

of Christ); wrest that land from the wickedof Christ); wrest that land from the wicked

race. Let this be your war cry in combat.race. Let this be your war cry in combat.When an armed attack is made upon the enemy,When an armed attack is made upon the enemy,let this one cry be raised by all the soldiers oflet this one cry be raised by all the soldiers ofGod. It is the will of God! The will of God!God. It is the will of God! The will of God!


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Popes GoalsPopes Goals

Reunite the two branches ofReunite the two branches of

ChristianityChristianityIncrease the prestige of the ChurchIncrease the prestige of the Church

Reduce feudal warfare.Reduce feudal warfare.Fight in Holy Land instead of eachFight in Holy Land instead of each

otherother


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The CrusadersThe CrusadersCaptured Jerusalem and brought muchCaptured Jerusalem and brought much

of the Holy Land under Europeanof the Holy Land under Europeancontrolcontrol

Believed they were doing Gods work.Believed they were doing Gods work.

Monk rode through France preachingMonk rode through France preaching

the necessity of the Crusadesthe necessity of the CrusadesSupport swelledSupport swelled How does the belief that they are doing Gods work affect the crusaders?How does the belief that they are doing Gods work affect the crusaders?


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The SlaughterThe Slaughter

Knights killed Jewish and MuslimKnights killed Jewish and Muslim

man, women, and children.man, women, and children.Men rode in blood up to theirMen rode in blood up to their

knees. a knightknees. a knightJustification Gods work andJustification Gods work and

they are not Christians.they are not Christians.


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Second CrusadeSecond Crusade

1145-11491145-1149

When Edessa fell to theWhen Edessa fell to theTurks, a French MonkTurks, a French Monk

Bernard of Clairvaux calledBernard of Clairvaux calledfor a crusade.for a crusade.

It failed to recapture EdessaIt failed to recapture Edessa


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Third CrusadeThird Crusade

1189-11921189-1192

Muslims recaptured JerusalemMuslims recaptured JerusalemKing Richard led crusade which wonKing Richard led crusade which won

back some land but not Jerusalem.back some land but not Jerusalem.Truce guaranteed protections forTruce guaranteed protections for

ChristiansChristians


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Fourth CrusadeFourth CrusadeVenetian merchants convincedVenetian merchants convinced

crusaders to attack its rivalcrusaders to attack its rival

Constantinople a Christian city.Constantinople a Christian city.Constantinople remained underConstantinople remained under

western European control for 60western European control for 60years.years.

Weakened Byzantine Empire whichWeakened Byzantine Empire which

was a buffer.was a buffer.


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More CrusadesMore Crusades

1212 20,000 children attempted to1212 20,000 children attempted to

go to Holy Landgo to Holy LandMany more minor crusadesMany more minor crusades

Muslims slowly regained lost landsMuslims slowly regained lost lands1291 Muslims had regained1291 Muslims had regained

control of Holy Landcontrol of Holy Land


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ResultsResults

Originally Church gained strengthOriginally Church gained strength

Used it to attack Muslims in SpainUsed it to attack Muslims in Spain

and heretics in Europe.and heretics in Europe.By 4By 4 thth crusade image of the Churchcrusade image of the Church

was tarnished.was tarnished.It increased travel, trade andIt increased travel, trade and

understanding of other culturesunderstanding of other cultures


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ResultsResults

Trade made money importantTrade made money important

Lending money for interestLending money for interest(usury) was banned by the(usury) was banned by the

Catholic Church.Catholic Church.


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Impact on JewsImpact on Jews

Christians accused Jews ofChristians accused Jews of

atrocities.atrocities.Mobs attacked JewishMobs attacked Jewish

communitiescommunities

Laws were passed against Jews.Laws were passed against Jews.

Jews were forced out of most jobs.Jews were forced out of most jobs.


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Impact on JewsImpact on Jews

Jews increasingly become money-Jews increasingly become money-lenders (legal in their religion)lenders (legal in their religion)

This leads to resentment againstThis leads to resentment againstJews forcing them to be expelledJews forcing them to be expelled

from many areas of Westernfrom many areas of WesternEuropeEurope

Live in small Jewish communitiesLive in small Jewish communities

CH 5-1 Crusades

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