»Ch 20 and 21. Crises over Cuba The Cuban Dilemma Revolutionary leader Fidel Castro declares himself communist - seizes U.S. properties; Eisenhower cuts.
Dec 16, 2015
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»Ch 20 and 21
Crises over Cuba
The Cuban Dilemma• Revolutionary leader Fidel Castro declares
himself communist- seizes U.S. properties; Eisenhower cuts off diplomatic relations
• 10% of Cuban population goes into exile; mostly to U.S.
NEXT
Continued . . .
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The Promise of Progress
Kennedy’s Vision of Progress• New Frontier—policies of the Kennedy
administration
The New Frontier
NEXT
Continued . . .
The Televised Debate Affects Votes in 1960• Americans fear U.S. falling behind Soviets militarily• First televised presidential debate between
Kennedy, Richard Nixon• Kennedy coached by TV producers, comes across
better than Nixon
Kennedy and Civil RightsJFK takes stand on arrest of Martin
Luther King, Jr; wins black vote
The Bay of PigsCuban exiles, CIA plan invasion to topple CastroPlans go wrong; exile forces killed, taken prisonermission is public embarrassment
continued Crises over Cuba
The Cuban Missile Crisis• Nikita Khrushchev sends weapons to Cuba,
including nuclear missiles • JFK warns Soviets that missile placement will
result in war• Soviets avoid confrontation at sea; reach
agreement with U.S.
1SECTION
NEXT
Kennedy and Khrushchev Take the Heat• Khrushchev’s prestige severely damaged in
U.S.S.R.• JFK criticized for brinkmanship, also for not
ousting Castro• Cuban exiles switch to GOP; Castro bans flights
to and from Miami
Interactive
Tragedy in Dallas
Four Days in November• November 22, 1963, JFK shot, killed riding in
motorcade in Dallas• Jack Ruby shoots alleged assassin Lee
Harvey Oswald • Vice president Lyndon Johnson succeeds JFK
2SECTION
NEXT
Unanswered Questions• Warren Commission investigates, concludes
Oswald acted alone• 1979 reinvestigation concludes Oswald part of
conspiracy
Image
Martin Luther King, Jr., waving to the crowd at the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington, D.C. (1963).
Civil Rights
Activism, new legislation, and the Supreme Court advance equal rights for African Americans. But disagreements among civil rights groups lead to a violent period for the civil rights movement.
NEXT
NEXT
Civil Rights
SECTION 1
SECTION 2
SECTION 3
Taking on Segregation
The Triumphs of a Crusade
Challenges and Changes in the Movement
Section 1
Taking on SegregationActivism and a series of Supreme Court decisions advance equal rights for African Americans in the 1950s and 1960s.
NEXT
The Segregation System
Plessy v. Ferguson
• 1896 ruling: separate but equal constitutional
Taking on Segregation1SECTION
NEXT
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Continued . . .
Challenging Segregation in Court
1SECTION
NEXT
Brown v. Board of Education• Marshall’s greatest victory is Brown v. Board of
Education of Topeka• In 1954 case, Court unanimously strikes down
school segregation
Plessy v. Ferguson
1896 ruling: separate but equal
Reaction to the Brown Decision
Resistance to School Desegregation• Within 1 year, over 500 school districts
desegregate• Some districts, state officials, pro-white groups
actively resist
1SECTION
NEXT
Continued . . .
continued Reaction to the Brown Decision
Crisis in Little Rock• Gov. Orval Faubus has National Guard turn away
black students• supervise school attendance• African-American students harassed by whites at
school all year• 1957 Civil Rights Act—federal government power
over schools, voting
1SECTION
NEXT
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The Montgomery Bus Boycott
Boycotting Segregation• 1955 NAACP officer Rosa Parks arrested for not
giving up seat on bus• organizes bus boycott• Elect 26-year-old Baptist pastor Martin Luther
King, Jr. leader- civil disobedience, massive demonstration
1SECTION
NEXT
Walking for Justice• 1956, Supreme Court outlaws bus segregation
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Section 2
The Triumphs of a CrusadeCivil rights activists break through racial barriers. Their activism prompts landmark legislation.
NEXT
Riding for Freedom
CORE’s Freedom Rides• 1961, CORE tests Court decision banning
interstate bus segregation • Freedom riders—blacks, whites sit, use station
facilities together
The Triumphs of a Crusade2SECTION
NEXT
Continued . . .
Marching to Washington
2SECTION
NEXT
More Violence• September, 4 Birmingham girls killed when
bomb thrown into church• LBJ signs Civil Rights Act of 1964
- prohibits discrimination because of race, religion, gender
continued Fighting for Voting Rights
The Selma Campaign• 1965, voting rights demonstrator killed in Selma, AL• King leads 600 protest marchers; TV shows police
violently stop them
2SECTION
NEXT
Voting Rights Act of 1965• Congress finally passes Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Stops literacy tests, allows federal officials to enroll
voters• Increases black voter enrollment
Chart
NEXT
Section 3
Challenges and Changes in the MovementDisagreements among civil rights groups and the rise of black nationalism create a violent period in the fight for civil rights.
NEXT
African Americans Seek Greater Equality
Northern Segregation• De facto segregation exists by practice, custom;
problem in North• De jure segregation is segregation required by law
Challenges and Changes in the Movement
3SECTION
Continued . . .
NEXT
3SECTION
African-American Solidarity• Nation of Islam, Black Muslims, advocate
blacks separate from whites- believe whites source of black problems
• Malcolm X—controversial Muslim leader, speaker; gets much publicity
• Frightens whites, moderate blacks; resented by other Black Muslims
New Leaders Voice Discontent
Continued . . .
Image
NEXT
continued New Leaders Voice Discontent
3SECTION
Black Panthers• Black Panthers fight police brutality, want black
self-sufficiency• Preach ideas of Mao Zedong; have violent
confrontations with police
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