Ch. 18.2 Cycles of Matter

3/25/14

Bell work:

How do we (all animals) get nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle?

Announcements:

• Ch. 18.1 & 18.2 Quiz – Thurs., 3/27

• Extra Credit due Thurs., 3/27

• Fieldtrips: 3/26 Selby, 4/17 Myakka, 4/30 Mote

Objectives:

Students will explore the water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and oxygen cycle.

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Ch. 18.2 Cycles of Matter

Water Cycle

What is the driving force (energy source) for the water cycle?

a. b. c. d.

0 000

a. The ocean

b. Winds

c. Humans

d. The sun

45

What process releases water from the leaves of plants?

Evapora

tion

Tra

nspira

tion

Condensa

tion

Pre

cipita

tion

0 000

45

a. Evaporation

b. Transpiration

c. Condensation

d. Precipitation

• Just as water moves continuously through ecosystems, other types of matter do too.

• Cycles are everywhere in nature – materials needed by organisms are constantly recycled

• Law of Conservation of Mass: matter cannot be created nor destroyed, it only changes form (chemical reactions, physical changes, etc.)

4 types of matter that are cycle through ecosystems:

WaterCarbonNitrogenOxygen

Nitrogen Cycle

Manure & Compost are used as fertilizers to increase plant growth

Nitrogen cycle

• We can’t use the Nitrogen (N2) that we breathe – it has to be changed through nitrogen fixation

Which process converts atmospheric nitrogen to a form organisms can use?

Nitr

ogen Abso

r...

Nitr

ogen Fixa

t...

Nitr

ogen Rete

n...

Nitr

ogen Stabi..

.

0 000

45

a. Nitrogen Absorption

b. Nitrogen Fixation

c. Nitrogen Retention

d. Nitrogen Stabilization

How are nitrogen compounds in organisms returned to the soil?

Deco

mposit

ion ..

.

Exhala

tion (

b...

Cellu

lar re

spi..

.

Nitr

ogen fixa

t...

0 000

45

a. Decomposition (breaking down of dead tissue)

b. Exhalation (breathing out)

c. Cellular respiration

d. Nitrogen fixation

The main reason for adding manure to a garden is to increase…

Carb

on

Nitr

ogen

Oxyg

en

Wate

r

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45

a. Carbon

b. Nitrogen

c. Oxygen

d. Water

Why do organisms need Nitrogen?

To re

leas

e ene...

An e

ssentia

l p...

Importa

nt life

...

To cr

eate ener..

.

0 000

45

a. To release energy

b. An essential part of proteins & DNA

c. Important life processes such as growing and reproducing

d. To create energy rich sugars

Oxygen Cycle

Oxygen Cycle

• Algae (phytoplankton, protists) release more than 50% of O2 in Earth’s atmosphere

During which process is oxygen gas released into the atmosphere?

Chem

osynth

esis

Deco

mposit

ion

Photo

synth

esis

Tra

nspira

tion

0 000

45

a. Chemosynthesis

b. Decomposition

c. Photosynthesis

d. Transpiration

What do animals release back into the atmosphere?

Oxyg

en

Nitr

ogen

Carb

on dio

xide

Arg

on

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45

a. Oxygen

b. Nitrogen

c. Carbon dioxide

d. Argon

Carbon Cycle

Carbon Cycle

During the carbon cycle, ____ take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Anim

als

Consu

mers

Deco

mpose

rs

Pla

nts

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45

a. Animals

b. Consumers

c. Decomposers

d. Plants