World After WWI
World After WWI
Rise of the Dictators:
RUSSIA
• There were two parties in Russia:1. Bolsheviks – supported violence2. Mensheviks – sought change through
peaceful methods
• Czar Nicholas II was abducted and executed.
• Vladimir Lenin led the Bolsheviks and became the virtual dictator of Russia
• Lenin believed that atheism was vital• Instructed his forces to execute large numbers
of religious leaders
• When Lenin died, Joseph Stalin struggled for control of the communist party and became the 2nd dictator of the Soviet Union.
Joseph Stalin
GERMANY
• Adolf Hitler led the Nazi party– National Socialist German Workers’ Party
• Once in power, Hitler declared himself dictator of Germany
• He rebuilt Germany for future military conquest
Adolf Hitler
ITALY
• Italy helped the Allies during WWI, but gained no land after the war was over.
• Benito Mussolini was head of the Fascist Party• He led a march on Rome and was appointed
leader of Italy
Benito Mussolini
Lateran Treaties
• Signed between Mussolini and the Catholic Church
• Gave the Catholics Vatican City in return for their end of opposition to the unification of Italy
League of Nations
• Formation led by Woodrow Wilson of the US• Hoped to prevent future wars • It turned out to be too weak
3 pacts to prevent future war:
1. Washington Naval Conference– Agreed to limit the number of war ships each
nation could build
2. Locarno Pact
• Between Germany, France and Belgium• Agreed on present borders
3. Kellogg-Briand Pact
• Agreed to settle disputes by negotiation rather than force