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Page 1: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help
Page 2: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’CALIFNIA

Delta Lowlands Service Area Investigations

Report Area DL-9

Stockton to Middle River and Vicinity

Water Rights Engineering BranchDivision of Project Development

Bureau of ReclantionRegion 2, Sacrannto, California

January 1964

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TABLE OF COEN1’SPage

INTRODUcrIOrT No.

Purpose and. scope, . . . . . . • . . • • . • . • . . . • • 1Description of the report area . . • . . • . . . . . . . . 3Development of the report area . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . ,

Description and development of Reclamation District O3,inactive(RoughandReadylsj.and)..............

Description and development of Reclamation District 401+(Boggs Tract). . • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . •

Description and development of Reclamation District 521+(Middle Division Roberts Island and The Pocket); ReclamationDistrict 5 (Upper Division Roberts Island); ReclamationDistrict 681+ (Lower Division Roberts Island); and HonkerLake Tract • , , , . . , , , . . . • , , , . , , , 5

WATER RIGHTS AND LAND QWNERSHIP

General. . . . . . . . , , , , , , . . ... . . • , . . . 9Assumed riparian rights. . . . . . . • . • . . . . . 9Appropriativerights ... •,, ceo... eec... eec 9Land ownership . . . . • . . . . • . . • . , . . . . • . 9Salinity control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 10

WATER SUPPLY FOR IRRIGATION

Sources of irrigation supply . . . , . . . . . . • . . . • . 11Areas susceptible of irrigation. . . • . . . • - . . - • 1].

IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE FACIMTIES

General. . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Irrigation and drainage facilities . . . . . . . • . . . . - . 22Operational practices. . - . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 15

lAND USE AND WATER REQUIREiHTS

General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — . . , . . , 16land use . . • , . . . . • . . . . , , . . . . . . . C • • 16Water requirements • . • . • . — . . . . . . • • . 17

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TABLE OP C0NTE!fS (co!lr’D)Page

LIS’ OP TABLES No.

1. Historical crop and land use record, Reclstion DistrictlO3 (Rough andReadylsland) . . . . ........... 19

2. Historical crop and land use record, Reclation District14.Oli. (Boggs Tract) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3. Historical crop and land use record, Rec1RI,tion District5214. (Mid.le Division Roberts Island) . . . . . . . . , . . 21

14.. Historical crop and land use record, Reclanation District5214. (The Pocket) . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • , . 22

5. Historical crop and land use record, Rec2.mtion District414. (Upper Division Roberts Island). . . . . . . . , . . . 23

6. Historical crop and land use record, ReclRinRtion District6814. (Lower Division Roberts Island). . . . . . . . . . . . 214.

7. Historical crop and land use record, Honker lake Tract . . . 256 Unit consumptive-use factors for Delta Lowlands. . . • . . . 26

LIST OF PlATES

1. Report Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27’2. Maximum Annual Salinity Encroachment. . . . . . . . . . . . 28

3. Application, Permit, and License Data and land Ownership. . 29li., Irrigation and Drainage Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . 30

5. Crop Survey 1958. . . . • • . . . . • . . . • . . . • . . 33.6. Extent of Peat Soils in the Delta Area. . . . . . . . . . . 32

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DELTA LOWIMDS SERVICE ARE INVES’rIGATICSAREA DL.. 9

nrRow(YrIoN

Purpose and. scope. - The purpose of this report is to

assemble and summarize factual data on the historic use of wate.

for irrigation within a place of use designated “DL-9, Delta

Lowlands.” This informetion, in conjunction with similar

data covering the Sacramento River, Delta Uplands and other Delta

Lowlands water users, will provide an inventory of factual data

for use in determining the quantity of water individuals or

organizations will require for the irrigation of their lands, and

the benefits that accrue due to operation of the Central Valley

Project.

The Delta Lowlands are depicted in the “Report on 1956

Cooperative Study Proam,” Volume I, Plate 3. As in previous

investigations conducted jointly by the Threau and the State,

the Lowlands consist generally of land lying below an elevation

of five feet above mean sea level and for the most part have been

historically served by unmeasured diversions of water from Delta

channels. Some of the unmeasured diversions from points on or in

the vicinity of the main channels of the Sacramento and San Joaquin

Rivers are made by low-lift pumping plants. Some pumping diversions

are also made in peripheral areas of the Lowlands. However, no

feasible method has been developed for accurately measuring net

flowa in tidal channels, and the combination f hydraulic and

economic problems involved in determining the quantities of water

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diverted through the very large number of tide gates and siphons

precluded measurements of the bulk of the water used. in the irri.

gation of the Delta Lowlands. Therefore, water used. within the

area has historically been estimeted by the consumptive-use method

utilizing available crop data and results of special studies in

selected areas. In the consumptive-use method, it is assumed that

all cropped lands lying below an elevation of five feet were derive.

ing some irrigation supply from subsurface water.

For report purposes, the Delta Lowlands has been divided

into ten component parts, The location of area “DL-9” with respect

to the other nine parts is shown on Plate 1, entitled “Report Areas,’

and the detailed boundary for the area is shown on Plate 3, entitled

“Application, Permit, and. License Data and Land Ownership.”

The Delta Lowlands in the 1956 Cooperative Study Program

were assumed to have riparian status. Subsequently, in contract

negotiations with Sacramento River and Delta Uplands water users, the

validity of this assumption has been questioned. Although various types

of field data are available from scattered sources, some of it has

never been published in a form convenient for ready reference. This

material, supplemented by data collected in 1963, is covered here

under land ownership, water rights, water supply for irrigation, irri

gation and drainage facilities, and land use and water requirements.

It is not the purpose of this report to substantiate or repudiate the

2

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riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will

aid in analyzing the various problems and help in understanding

the physical characteristics involved.

Description of the rport area. - The report area is

a part of the southeastern Delta. Except for a relatively

sl1 portion located, adjacent to Stockton, the area lies west

of the San Joaquizi River; part of the river is also a reach of

the Stockton Deep Water Channel. In addition to the San Joaquin

River and Ship Channel, the major portion of the report area

is also bounded by Middle River, Old River, Turner Cut and Whisky

Slough. A levee forms the boundary for the northwest portion of

Middle Division Roberts Island. The geographical entities covered

in the report area are:

Reclamation District i403, inactive (Rough and Ready Island)

Reclamation District (Boggs Tract)

Reclamation District 521i. (Middle Division Roberts Islandand The Pocket)

Reclamation District 5I (Upper Division Roberts Island)

Real tion District 68k. (Lower Division Roberts Island)

Honker Lake Tract

The entire report area lies within San Joaquin County,

and is located within projected Townships 1 South, 1 and 2 North,

Range 5 East and Townships 1 South and 1 North, Range 6 East,

Mount Diablo Base and Meridian.

3

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The report area is entirely overlapped by the Sacramento

and San Joaquin Drainage District which was organized in 1912. for

the purpose of reclametion and drainage of primerily ava and

overflow lands along the Sacramento and San Joaquin River systems

from Chico Creek on the north to Presno Slough on the south.

Develppment of the report area The lands in the report

area, with the exception of a strip located in the southern part

adjacent to Old River, became privately owned primerily through

the purchase of simi and overflowed lands from the State driug the

period 1855-1872; a strip of land bordered by Old. River on the south

and San Joaquin River on the east was acquired prior to 1850 as a

part of the Mexican Land Grant, El Pescadero. The lands in the

report area have all been reclaimed and holdings range in size

from smell farms of a few acres to large holdings of several hundred

acres.

Description and development of Rec1tiou District 03,

inactive (Rough and Ready Island). - Rough and Ready Island is sur

rounded by the Stockton Deep Water Channel and Burns Cutoff, and is

located opposite of the western boundary of the city of Stockton.

Elevations within Rough and Ready Island range from ten feet above

mean sea level near the ship channel to about sea level near the

central and. remeining western portion of the island. A portion of

Rough and Ready Island was first cultivated in 1850, In 1853,

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reclamation of this area was begun by raising the elevation by

borrow and fill methods. By 1872, about 23 acres had. been

reclaimed and the island had also been enclosed by a levee,

A year later, the area was organized into Rec1ition District

163. The district’ a levees were topped by flood water in 1875.

Three years later the recTh,’ition of the island was improved when

drainage ditches were dug and a steam-operated p was installed

to remeve excess water • In 1881, the area was reorganized. into

Reclamation District i.O3. After being flooded in 1892, levee

repairs were made and the island was farmed until 192, when

it was acquired by the U. S. Navy. The area has subsequently

been used as a naval installation.

Description and development of Re1A1,tion District 4O

Bogga Tract). - Bogga Tract lies ad3acent to the southern pert

of the city of Stockton and is located on the east side of San

Joequin River and north of French Camp Slough. Elevations within

Boggs Tract are generally about five feet above mean sea level.

The northern part of the tract has been subdivided. Early reclama

tion efforts consisted of low-levee construction along the San

Joaquin River • The levees extended easterly to higher lands • The

area was organized into Reclamation District 401i on August 9, 1881.

Description and development of Reclamation District 5211.

fMiddle Division Roberta Island, and. The Pocket); ReclR’tion

5

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District 5th (Upper Division Roberts Island); Reclamation District

68Li. (Lower Division Roberts Island); and Honker lake Tract. -

Reclamation District8 52k, 51Ai, and. 6834-, and Honker Lake Tract

are component parts of Roberts Island, This island lies near

the city of Stockton and is surrounded almost entirely by a

waterway consisting of Turner Cut, San Joaquin, Middle and Old

Rivers, and Whisky Slough. Reclmetion of Roberts Island was begun

by individual settlers in 1856. In 1870 Reclamation District 109

and 110 were formed and. the Tule Land Reclamation Company began

extensive work in the area • In 1871, action of the San Joaquin

County Supervisors provided for the division of the island into

smaller reclamation districts and reclaiming activities were delayed.

Between 18734. and 1876, Reclamation Districts 209 and 223 were formed

and the area was enclosed by levees; cross levees were also constructed

On October 30, 1889, Mjdile Division Roberts Island was

formed into Reclamation District 5234. through consolidation of Districts

110, 209 and 302; parts of Reclamation District 109 and 223 were also

included. The Pocket area is included in Reclamation District 5234..

Middle Division was flooded in 1886. Within this portion of Roberts

Island, elevations range from five feet above mean sea level near

the eastern levee to mean sea level in the remaining three-fourths

of the area ithich includes The Pocket. Middle Division Roberts

Island is separated from Lower and Upper Divisions by levees.

Reclamation of Upper Division Roberts Island was completed

6

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in 1876, and the area was reorganized into Reclamation District

5i.1 on August i, 1892. Elevations within the Upper Division range

from ten feet above maan sea level near the east levee and near

Old River on the south to five feet in the central and remaining

western portion. Upper Division is separated from Middle Division

Roberts Island by a levee. Flooding occurred in the Upper Divi

sion in 1879.

In 1877 and 1878 a large portion of Roberts Island was

acquired by the Glasgow-California Land Company. This company

(iRl,lmed off ten sloughs from the surrounding channels, constructed

about 32 miles of new levee, and increased the height of existing

levees • Most of these works were constructed in the section now

identified as Lower Division Roberts Island. Lower Division

Roberts Island was reorganized into Reclamation District 68L.

on October #, 1877, and included the predecessor Recl’metion

District 659 and parts of inactive Rec1Awtion Districts 109 and

223. Lower Division was flooded in i886, 1906 and 1907. Eleva

tions within the northwest part of Lower Division Roberts Island

are about ten feet below mean sea level and the remainder of the

area lies about five feet below sea level.

Honker Lake Tract, a part of Roberts Island, was reclaimed

after 1875. Definite dates of reclmetion and levee enlargement

are not available but State Builetin 27 indicates that Honker Lake

7

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Tract was reclaimed at the same time as Middle Division Roberts

Island. Elevations within Honker Lake ract are at about mean

sea level0

8

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WATER RIGS AD lAND (MNERSP

General. - Information pertaining to water rights within

the report area was collected and developed primarily in connec

tion with riparian and appropriative rights.

Assumed riparian rights. - The Delta Lowlands in the

1956 Cooperative Study Program were assumed to be riparian to

channels of the Delta • The cooperating groups felt that such an

assumption, from an engineering standpoint, was desirable as veil

as reasonable and that differences arising from such an assumption

could very possibly be resolved by negotiation or compromise,

Appropriative rights. Data pertaining to applications,

permits, and. licenses obtained in confDrDance with the California

Water Code for lands within the report area were obtained from

the files of the California State Water Rights Board. This

information is presented in tabular form on Plate 3, entitled

‘Application, Permit, and License Data and Laud Ownership.”

Plate 3 also shows the areas covered by each appropriative right.

Land ownership. The land ownerships shown on Plate 3

were taken from the 1963 assessor’s plats of San Joaquin County.

The assessor a records were utilized to obtain names of owners,

acreagea of holdings, and plats showing boundaries of the holdings.

Boundaries for Rec1,mtion Districts were determined from State,

county, and district maps. Tabulated names and acreages for the

ownerships within the report area are included in supporting data

far this report.

9

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Salinity control. - In adittion to irrigation diversions

from the Delta channels, another recognized demand includes sub

stantial requiremants of outflow from the Delta as a whole in order

to provide qi.iality control necessary to prevent deadation of

Delta supplies due to sea water incursion. The flushing action of

an artificaily maintained Delta outflow also prevents excessive

concentrations of dissolved solids arising from surface evapo

transpiration, drainage flows and high midsumaer evaporation from

the many thousands of acres of water surface in the Delta channels,

Prior to the initiation of controlled sur flows through

the Delta by the Central Valley Project in 19114, intrusions of sea

water into the Delta channels were a constant threat. Damaging

intrusions occurred to varying deees in many yoars of below

normal streamflow, with the intrusions of l9211 and 193]. assuming

dramatic proportions. A chloride concentration of 1,000 parts per

million of water is comaonly used as a criterion beyond which usefil

ness for irrigation is limited. Since Shasta Dam began operating in

19144, the maximum annual salinity encroachment into the Delta area

has reached no further upstream than a point near the eastern tip

of Sherman Island. The extent of intrusion prior to and after Shasta

operation is represented by curved lines on Plate 2, entitled “Maximum

Annual Salinity Encroachment .‘ The extent of maximum intrusion varies

from year to year, but most of the post Shasta encroachment lines pass

through the vicinity of the central portion of Sherman Island.10

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WATER SUPPIX F IRRIGATION

Sources of irrigation supply. — The irrigation water

supply for the report area is diverted from various channels of

the Delta, including the San Joaquin River, and drains. The

exterior or in Delta r!hannels are subject to tidal action and

fluctuations • Flow of the drains is sustained by percolation

from Delta channels and by surface and subsurface drainage of

immPdiately adjacent irrigated lauds.

Areas susceptible of irrigation. - Except for levees,

berm, water courses and associated aquatic and phreatopbytic

growth, the lands in most of the reclation districts and tracts

comprising the report area are all susceptible of irrigation.

ReclRItion District 1.O3, Rough and Ready Island, however, is

considered only partially susceptible of irrigation because it

is a Naval Reservation. Acreages devoted to various crops and

the non-agricultural areas are discussed in the chapter covering

land use and water requirements.

U

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IRRIGATION A £AINAGE FACILTTZES

General. - During 1952, a field survey was condncted

throughout the Delta to provide information on edsting irriga

tion and drainage facilities • The locations of the main canals,

gravity diversions, irrigation pumping plants, irrigation veils,

and drainage systems were delineated in the field on aerial

photographs. In 1963, this information was spotchecked and

supplenanted where major changes were found to have occurred.

The field information thus collected is depicted on Plate J,

entitled “Irrigation and Drainage Facilities.”

In general, the irrigation of the lower-positioned lands

in the Delta was not successful until drainage systems were developed

with the capability of controlling water levels at elevations desir

able for plant grovth. In the report area, drainage facilities are

usually provided by the reclamation districts • In unorganized areas,

the drainage facilities are individually-owned and operated. Within

each district or tract, each system of collection drains terminates

at a pumping plant which discharges into an adjacent channel.

Irrigation and drainage facilities. - Lands within

Reclamation District i.O3 (Rough and Ready Island) have not been used

extensively for agricultural purposes since l912 when the area was

acquired by the U. S. Navy and utilized for a naval supply annex.

Prior to l942, irrigation diversions were made by siphoning from

the San Joaquin River and Burns Cutoff. Since l912, diversions have

been made mainly for fire control.

.12

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The northern part o± Rec1Rmtion District 1QI. (Bogge

Tract) has been subdivided and industrialized. Municipal and

industrial water for this part of Boggs Tract is supplied by veils.

The remainder of the area is devoted to agriculture and is irri

gated by pumping from the San Joaquin River and French Camp Slough.

Drainage is provided by facilities of individual water users

since Rec1tion District i4.OI acts only in the capacity of pro

viding levee protecion.

Sources of irrigation water for lands within Reclama

tion District 5211. (Middle Division Roberts Island) are Middle

and San Joaquin Rivers and Burns Cutoff. low-lift pumps are used

to divert water since most of the area is above mean sea level,

Diversions are made by individuals and one incorporated imitual

water company. Woods Irrigation Company, Incorporated, has since

1909 served the central part of Middle Division from three pumping

plants on Middle River. In 1962, according to State Bulletin 114,

entitled “Directory of Water Service Agencies in California,”

Woods Irrigation Company served 7,892 acres, In the area it

irrigates, the company also operates and maintains the drainage

facilities, consisting of ditches and pumping plants. In the

remainder of the area, since the district provides only levee

protection, drainage is provided by individually-owned facilities.

The Pocket area, a part of Reclamation District 524, is irrigated

13

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by pumping from Middle River, and the collected drainage water is

discharged into Middle River by three pumping plants.

lands within Reclamation District 514 (Upper Division

Roberts Island) are supplied irrigation water from the San Joequin,

Old, and Middle Rivers. Since the elevation of most of the land

in this district lies at about five feet above maan sea level,

diversions are made by low-lift pumping plants. Many of the systems

include underground pipelines to convey the water to the fields.

Several systems utilize pumps to lift water to higher-positioned

lands in the central part of the district. The irrigation systems

in the area are privately owned and operated, Since the district

provides only levee protection, drainage is usually provided by

individually-owned and operated facilities.

The area within Reclamation District 681 (Lower Division

Roberts Island) receives irrigation water from Whisky Slough, Turner

Cut, Burns Cutoff, and the San Joaquin River. Most diversions are

made through individually-owned and. operated gravity diversion

facilities. Drainage water is discharged into Whisky Slough and

the San Joaquin River from district-operated facilities.

On Honker lake Tract, water is diverted by gravity from

Trapper Slough and by pumping from Midâle River, The southern por

tion of the tract is served by a system connected to a pumping plant

on Middle River. This system skirts the levee around the Pocket

area and extends through the Honker Lake Tract levee to serve that

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area. Relift pws are part of both the gravity and. pumping

irrigation systems. AU facilities including drainage facilities

are privately owned. Drainage water is d.iscbarged into Trapper

Slough by two pumping plants.

Operational practices. Water for irrigation is

usually pumped from adjacent channels into a network of supply

ditches or is pumped or siphoned directly onto the separate fields.

For higher positioned lands, relift pumps are utilized. In soms

areas, underground concrete pipe systems are used for water

distribution.

Alfalfa and pasture crops are usually irrigated by

flooding. The water is applied to the head end of bordered checks

by siphon tubes from ditches or from the outlets of underground

pipes. Row crops are usually irrigated by flooding the furrows

from ditches. Water applied in excess to that needed for crop

requiremsnts and water which seeps into the area from upward

percolation from adjacent channels is collected in drain ditches

and returned to the surrounding channels by drainage pumping plants.

Operation of the irrigation facilities usually begins

during April, or occasionally during March, and terminates about

the end of September or early in October.

15

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lAND USE AND WATER EQUIRE2S

General. - In the Delta Lowlands, historical records of

irrigation developnt are limited to crop and land-use information

for entities such as islands, tracts or districts obtained from

field surveys conducted during certain years. Tables 1 through 7

list the crops raised for the years 192ii through 1932, 1938, 19k8,

1950, 1952, and 1955. Except for the year 1952 when the Bureau of

Reclamation compiled crop data on the Lowlands, the crop records are

those presented in Bulletin 23, State Water Supervision Reports

(after 1955, Bulletin 23, Surface Water Flow Reports). The most

recent crop survey for the report area available from the State was

made in 1958. Crop information from that surve converted to the

Bureau of Reclamation system of notation, is presented on Plate 5

entitled ‘Crops Survey - 1958. ‘

Land use. - In connection with the 1952 crop survey, the

Bureau compiled acreage totals for all agricultural areas planted

to irrigated or non-irrigated crops, and non-agricultural areas

within the Delta, including water-surface areas. The water-surface

areas considered include those located within the various districts

and those affected by tidal action; those affected by tidal action

extend from the Delta Lowlands into the Uplands. Information from

the 1952 Survey modified by the State for changing condition4 is

given in the 1955 Water Supervision Report. As tabulated in the

report, the Deita Lowlands comprised ‘25,427 acres divided as to

use as follows: agricultural 385,fl3; urban 6,92)i.; tule and swamp

li,239; levee and berm 16,889; and interior water surface 11,61+2.

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In addition to the li.25,I.27 acres, there are 35,663 acres of exter

ior water surface of which 31., 306 acres are in the Lowlands and

1,357 in the Upland area, The agricultural land of the Lowlands

varies in composition from peat soils in the central part to mineral

soils in the peripheral areas. The extent of peat soils is delineated

on Plate 6.

Water requirements. - The land use data, with revisions for

changing conditions, have been used. subsequently by the State

Department of Water Resources in making estimates of the consumptive

use in the Delta Lowlands. These estimates are made by applying an

appropriate consumptive-use factor to the acreage determined to be

utilized by each crop or other water-consuming area with modification

made to the values obtained to reflect the effect of utilizable rain

fall. Unit consumptive-use factors for pasture, various crops, native

vegetation and other classifications are given in Table 8. These

values were determined by special studies and experimentation by

the State supplemented by data furnished by the Bureau of Reclamation.

In this connection, the contributions of the various agencies and

individuals are discussed in detail in State Bulletin 23 for the year

1955. Much of the data was used in the determination of the estimated

modified monthly consumptive-use requirements in acre-feet during the

irrigation season in the Delta Lowlands as given in the “Assumptions

as to Water Rights” volume of the 1956 Cooperative Study Program.

The total of the modified monthly consumptive-use values is 1,059,600

17

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acre-feet distributed as follows: April 55,200, May 111,200,

June 145,200, July 225,300, August 240,800, September 178,900,

and October 103,000.

18

Page 23: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

—S

isto

rical

cro

p51

14la

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use

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Recla

mati

on

Dis

tric

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ead

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irue

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a

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and

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ota

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£61.

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low

and

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and

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rior

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ater

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sing)

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rial

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urb

an

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ee

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00

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140

10

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253

00

200

500

250

250

30

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203

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40

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ord

sare

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Sta

teS

ull

eti

n23

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tfo

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.R.

data

in1

95

2.

Pro

.19

31—

1950

of

the

lev

ee

acre

age

for

th.

enti

relo

wla

nd

a,

4110

acre

sof

wil

low

san

d‘1

600

sore

sof

wee

dsw

ere

eati

wate

dto

bew

ater

consu

win

g.

So

brea

kdow

nby

enti

tyis

av

ail

able

.

(b)

Lan

dsii)g

abet!

ele

vati

on

5fe

et

(U.S

.G.S

.)d

atu

n.

200

250

__

__

YE

AS

It

1924

.2!_

.l9

219

2119

2819

29I

1.93

0I

1931

19

32

1938

l95c

C1)

1951

250

30

0A

az’

ei6

o110

12

51

35

36

2

210

9227

0300

40

2

700

75

22S

75250

545

2S

100

7090

17

5

13

00

1090

300

660

98

2

1060

13

51

71

10

915

815

292

10

12

(c)1160

(e)

12

17

31

4

20

12

1

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tal

acre

ag

e

q

1560

1560

_______

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35

0(e

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210

500

553

15

31

526

0

1388

4982

8282

791700

1700

17

00

1700

17

02

16

47

(d)

1647

(c)

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des

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0

(a)

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are

vis

ed.

(e)

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des

10

0acre

s

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U.

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yannex.

acre

sco

rnd

ou

ble

cro

pp

ed

aft

er

gra

in.

co

rnas

second

cro

paft

er

gra

in.

Page 24: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

t2.

-P

4st

ori

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cro

paid

len

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record

.R

ecla

mati

on

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ugar

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are

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inte

rio

rw

ater

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ace

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itate

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ure

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evee

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lacre

age

‘6o

__

__

YE

A_

SIt

——

19

25

19

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1938

J!....

19

50

i1a

1959

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S1

20

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h37

04

00

1000

10

00

88

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329

595

105

,6o

290

2050

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10

2083

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5020

100

10

01

50

12

879

651

00

70

355

10

01

00

11.7

04

20

58

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552

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152

00

5526

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1

5050

13

11

63

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54

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11

00

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494

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93

18

6868

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48

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368

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172

05

72461

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2155

2133

2133

941

941

72

61050

550

501

50

15

01

50

122

12

03

00

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0300

1669

321

7171

7171

7171

107

81

(a)

Rec

ord

sre

fro.

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teS

ull

•tin

23ex

cept

for

U.S

.LR

.data

in1952.

Pro

s1931-1

950

of

the

lev

ee

aor.

ag

.fo

rth

e•n

tire

low

lands,

440

acre

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wil

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00

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ds

wer

•sti

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bre

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ail

able

.

26

50

26

50

2680

26

80

26

80

26

80

26

78

2654

(c)

2654

2654

2654

2654

2717

1343

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lacre

age

rev

ised

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ith

are

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ges.

(d)

Inclu

des

20acre

sb

ean

s,se

cond

cro

pto

gra

in.

(e)

Inclu

des

280

acre

sri

ce.

Page 25: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

TA

W.R

3.

—R

LS

tOri

SO

Zcr

op

and

lan

du

uri

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ats

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ions,

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ota

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and

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and

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rior

wat

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ota

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ater

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re,

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or

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(b)

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ust

rial

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uz’b

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evee

To

tal

acre

age

8600

3500

--

——

-

____

1’l*

lIt

19

Z19

2719

2819

29I

1930

I19

3119

3219

3819

50J91a

1959

3090

3895

.2497

25

65

A,.r.

a’—

2995

2553

3600

643

2133

138

451590

4471

3765

5076

4596

500

90

03

51

51

98

01

64

01

07

0.

684

14

93

240

801

00

93

00

315

235

421

29

.

3120

30

01

97

13

65

i5’O

589

1650

143

67

14

60

034

51

60

297

631

250

30

5030

3030

88

10

2625

950

3235

80

01

10

02149

40

80

5092

3000

29

42

29

86

2226

18

87

2425

2744

10

00

sroo

31’s

84’

30

092

13

34

39

027

5

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.rw

ati

rU

II

200

200

72

225

3023

0

30

_______

12

57

6o8

28

54

279

61173

12

155

14

6533

96

00

5850

77

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6609

5479

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)96

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10155

.13

20

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372

32

180

237

13

010

30

020

94

23

6029

825

415

215

215

210

19

61

96

104

104

8969

1043

10596

0574

10886

10886

.1579

11

60

4

3300

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1917

20

05

50

901

36

13

01

30

114

11

41

14

11

41

14

11

419

11

96

2000

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1000

±00

000

10

00

(a)

leco

rds

are

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Sta

telu

lleti

n23

except

for

U.S

.L.

data

in1952.

Pro

w19

31—

1950

of

the

lev

ee

acre

age

for

the

enti

relo

wla

nds,

1140

sore

sof

wil

low

sen

d46

00ac

res

of

wee

dsw

ere

eati

wet

edto

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ate

ro

on

sin

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eakd

own

b,

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tyis

av

ail

able

.

.10

00

.10

00

11

00

0.1

00

011000

11000

11900

11930

(c)

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des

15

7acre

sb

ean

sdouble

—cr

opped

aft

er

gra

in.

(d)

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des

80acre

sb

ean

s,26

4acre

sto

mato

es,

and

30

acre

scorn

asse

cond

cro

paft

er

gra

in.

Page 26: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

Alf

alf

aA

spar

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(Sugar)

5.1

cr,

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nd

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ate

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Past

ure

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and

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PU

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IT

ill

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1926

1921

1928

1929

11930

I1931

,193

219

381918

19

50

j9J

1955

103

030

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ra

a’30

254

01

75

501

00

30

150

130

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0152

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193

71

250

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339

220

135

16

01

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14

82

86

47

158

64

505

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520

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0

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27

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0

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Reco

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are

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eS

tate

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eti

n23

exce

pt

for

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.LR

.data

in1952.

Pro

.1931-1

950

of

th.

lev

ee

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aj.

for

th.

en

tire

low

lands,

440

acre

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wil

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.)d

atu

n.

Page 27: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

?1Z

J5.

Nis

tori

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pan

dla

nd

use

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Recla

mati

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rg

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and

bare

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rior

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ure

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ra

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(a)

Pic

ord

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ou

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ull

eti

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exe,p

tfo

rU

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N.

data

in1

95

2.

Pro

n1931-1

950

of

the

lev

ee

ecre

age

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th.

enti

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wla

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acre

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60

0acre

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ail

able

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ele

vati

on

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et

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,)d

atu

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des

141

acre

sb

ean

sas

second

cro

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er

grai

2600

800

10

10

__

__

TE

AS

It—

1924

1925

1926

1927

1228

1929

119

30I

1931

1932

1938

1950

.i9

1th

L80

51

20

152

759

515

5422

9442

8930

8019

2580

26

032

7hi

6784

8400

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696

70

2.

1025

1083

72

7i3

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469

10.

101

25

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00

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00

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Page 28: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

TIE

rIK

6.—

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in1952.

As

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1115

Pro

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950

of

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ee

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age

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the

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Page 29: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

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Page 30: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

TABLE 8. - UNIT CONSUMPTIVE USE OF WATER SACRAMENTO- SAN J0AQUN DTA

Field Crops

Beans .06 .08 .08 .16 .20 .14 .24 .58 .37Corn and Milo .04 .04 .04 .08 .10 •24 .70 .60 .40Grain and Ray .04 .04 .07 .40 .60 .30 .14 .23 .21Peas .10 .10 .20 .30 .10 .05 .14 .13 .11Safflower and . . .10 .30 .40 .50 .20 .13 .11

Sunflower

Sugar Beets .06 .08 .08 .13 .32 .51 .61 .53 .20

Truck Crops

Asparagus• .9 .• .

.08 .14 .40 .68 .55Celery .04 .04 .04 .08 .10 .10 .10 .20 .25Onions .04 .04 .08 .13 .27 .49 .43 .20 .16Potatoes .06 .08 .08 .16 .15 .38 .52 .30 .15Tomatoes . . .10 .10 .10 .25 .35 .60 .45Seed and Misc. .06 .08 .08 .10 .25 .50 .50 .50 .35

•22 .21 • 2.12

• . . 2.51.14 .2’ • 2.29

•22 .10 42 1.52

22 42 .10 2.13

.13 .10 .07 2.82

.42 .12 .42 2.69

.30 .20 .22 1.50

.13 .10 .21 2.14

.22 .21 . 2.09

.35. .42 .42 2.60

.10 42 .21 2.69

Fruit and Nuts

Assorted

Grapes.04 .04 .04 .18 .32 .50 .57 .40•2.± .22 .2j .22 .20 .35 .50 .35

.23 .21 .21 •Q2 2.51

.22 22 .21 .Q 2.05

Native Vegetation

.39 .29 .20 .12 4.02

.28 .24 .19 .13 3.16

.17 .18 .18 .14 2.29

.11

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.64

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.60 .30 •j:2 2.32

.13 .21 .22 1.60

.49 .27 .13 5.82

.20 •12 4.2 2.50

.27 .12 .06 3.88

NOTE: Figures underlined (•.2) represent estimated consumptive use by weeds and soilevaporation before planting or after harvesting.

In acre-feet per acre

Classification: Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.: Total

Pasture

Sudan . . .10 .10 .15 .30 .30 .25 .20Miscellaneous .22 .10 .15 .40 .50 .65 .70 .70 .50

Alfalfa

Rice

.10 .10 .10 1.8

.20 4Q .10 4.15

.06 .08 .10 .30 .40 .50 .6 .55 .50 .20 .10 . 3.51

•.Q. ..10 .15 .90 1.15 1.25 1.20 .35 •2 .42 .42 5.49

Lush .12 .14 .21 .31 .40 .59 .68 .57Medium .12 .16 .22 .28 .31 .40 .45 .38Dry .13 .17 .23 .24 .22 .21 .22 .20

Other

Fallow and Bare .04 .04 .04 .08 .10 .13 .14 .13Idle Crop Land .06 .08 .08 .16 .20 .26 .28 .24Duck Ponds .22 .22 .10 .10 .10 .9 .14 .13Urban .06 .08 .08 .16 .20 .20 .21 .20Tule and Swamp .13 .18 .34 .51 .70 .79 .87 .77Levee and Bcrm ,l0 .10 .15 ‘.20 .25 .30 .35 .35Water Surface .06 .10 .20 .33 .50 .58 .65 .57

26

Page 31: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

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Page 32: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

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Page 33: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

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EXPLANATION— Salinity encroachment prior to Shasta Dam operation

Represents chlorides of CCC parts per million parIs at water)

Salinity enerc.jnfl,nent alter Shasta Dam Operationor 941 ad 958 See note)

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82E

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5If6 55

.1PLATE 2

Page 34: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

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Page 35: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

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Page 40: CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ · CENTRAL VALLEY PROJEC’I’ ... 2. riparian assumption, but rather to present information that will aid in analyzing the various problems and help

EXPLANATIONPact loll., — depth

I... than IC tact.

Peat soils,— depth

gloater thcn 10 tnt.

L

UNITED STATESDEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BUREAU OF REcLAMATIN

CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT

EXTENT OF PEAT SOILS

IN THE DELTA AREA

PLATE 632