Central Experiment Station Maligaya, Science City of Muñoz ... ·

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Department of Agriculture

PHILIPPINE RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (PhilRice) Central Experiment Station Maligaya, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija

2018 HIGHLIGHTS OF

ACCOMPLISHMENTS

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2018 Significant Accomplishments

For FY 2018, 88 Rice for Development (R for D) projects were implemented nationwide in partnership with DA research centers, state colleges and universities, local government units, non-government and private organizations.

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1. Varietal development and germplasm conservation

1.1 NSIC-approved varieties

A total of 22 (5 inbred, 12 hybrid, 5 saline) rice varieties were developed and approved by NSIC for commercial production. These new varieties listed below have higher yields, better grain quality, and resistance against major pests and diseases than existing varieties:

NSIC Name Breeding

Institution Local Name

Average Yield (mt/ha) Recommendation

Irrigated Lowland (Inbred)

NSIC 2018 Rc506 UPLB Tubigan 41 5.9 Visayas

NSIC 2018 Rc508 IRRI Tubigan 42 6.0 Luzon

NSIC 2018 Rc510 UPLB Tubigan 43 5.7 Visayas and Mindanao

NSIC 2018 Rc512 IRRI Tubigan 44 5.6 National, Dry Season

NSIC 2018 Rc514 IRRI Tubigan 45 6.0 Luzon and Visayas

Irrigated Lowland (Hybrid)

NSIC 2018 Rc516H Long Ping Mestiso 90 6.4 National, Dry Season

NSIC 2018 Rc518H Syngenta Mestiso 91 6.4 National, Dry Season

NSIC 2018 Rc520H Bayer Mestiso 92 5.9 Mindanao

NSIC 2018 Rc522H Bioseed Mestiso 93 6.1 Luzon and Mindanao

NSIC 2018 Rc524H Bayer Mestiso 94 6.1 National

NSIC 2018 Rc526H PhilSCAT Mestiso 95 6.0 Mindanao

NSIC 2018 Rc 538H PhilSCAT/Long Ping

Mestiso 96 6.3 Mindanao

NSIC 2018 Rc 540H SL-Agritech Mestiso 97 6.5 Visayas

NSIC 2018 Rc 542H Prasad Seeds Mestiso 98 5.9 Mindanao

NSIC 2018 Rc 544H PhilRice/UPLB Mestiso 99 6.6 National

NSIC 2018 Rc 546H Bayer Mestiso 100 6.4 National

NSIC 2018 Rc 548H Bayer Mestiso 101 5.7 National

Saline

NSIC 2018 Rc528 PhilRice Salinas 26 2.9 National

NSIC 2018 Rc530 IRRI Salinas 27 3.0 National

NSIC 2018 Rc532 IRRI Salinas 28 2.9 National

NSIC 2018 Rc534 IRRI Salinas 29 3.1 National

NSIC 2018 Rc536 PhilRice Salinas 30 2.7 National

Before the release of these varieties, PhilRice conducted the (1) National Cooperative Test (NCT) trials; (2) distinctness, uniformity, and stability test; (3) characterization and generation of passport data; and (4) basic seeds production for further multiplication. Three of the 22 released varieties were bred by PhilRIce – one hybrid (Mestiso 99) with 6.6 t/ha average yield, the highest among this batch, recommended for nationwide planting during dry and wet season, and two inbred for saline prone environment.

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1.2 Rice germplasm resources collected, conserved and characterized

• 338 rice germplasm / traditional rice varieties (TRV) collected;

• 905 germplasm regenerated, processed and conserved;

• 366 germplasm profiled for direct use and in support of breeding.

2. Integrated crop management 2.1 Rapid screening method for sheath blight

• Use of micro-chamber method gives favorable temperature and humidity for rapid screening of diseases compared with conventional method without micro-chamber;

• It provides favorable environment for the pathogen to grow and effectively infect and create disease pressure for the test entries. Without micro-chamber, the disease does not develop.

2.2 Antifungal potential of epiphytes against the rice blast pathogen

• Showed that epiphytic microorganisms present in rice plant surface are potential biological control agents against rice blast (M. grisea isolates);

• Bacteria and fungal epiphytes can be identified molecularly as some isolates were effective against the rice blast fungus yet pathogenic to humans.

2.3 Android application version of the leaf color chart (LCC) for a more precise Nitrogen topdress application in rice

• Precise assessment of N-fertilizer recommendation;

• Methods for leaf image capture: red, green and blue (RGB) extraction and conversion into dark green color index (DGCI);

• Simulates the function of a commercially available chlorophyll meter.

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2.4 Enhancing the Minus-One-Element Technique (MOET) app via establishment of Nutrient-Omission Plot Technique (NOPT) correlation factors and update of the database and algorithms

• MOET kit can lead to recommended fertilizer rates similar to NOPT;

• Has significantly lower Nitrogen recommendation per hectare compare to the original MOET App leading to lower fertilizer cost.

2.5 Long term organic fertilizer use in paddy rice and soils

• Combined organic and inorganic fertilizer application is recommended during dry season;

• Organic based rice production is economical in areas where commercial inputs are not accessible,

• Utilization and recycling of their own farm waste leads to sustainability of soil health;

• Recommended for exploration and optimization of the use of different farm waste to increase the yield for an organic base rice production.

2.6 E-damuhan app

• Uses the latest artificial intelligence technology to process and recognize the images of the

different weeds in your rice field; • Serve as a condensed catalog on rice weed management; • Provides weed management practices and recommendation after weed identification. 2.7 Binhing palay app

• Catalog of released rice varieties in the Philippines with full descriptions of their maximum and

average yields, maturity, height, number of tillers, and recommended domain (season, region, and mode of crop establishment);

• Gives instructions from the PalayCheck Keycheck 1 in choosing and using quality seeds; • Works offline (no internet connection needed).

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3. Farm machines 3.1 Local mechanized weeder for straight row planting of rice

• Simple design, lightweight – can be easily transferred from one place to another;

• Locally manufactured – materials and components locally available;

• Gender friendly 3.2 Gear transmission power tiller with pivot mechanism for multiple farm operations

• Prime mover with gear transmission that can be utilized in multiple farm operations;

• Compact, lightweight and durable universal prime mover compared with existing box type chain and sprocket transmission commonly used by farmers;

• Power take-off shaft on the transmission gearbox to drive attachments for multiple farm operations;

• Bolt-on ready mechanism on the prime mover for ease of attaching/detaching equipment

Specifications/Performance

Weeding rotator 3 pcs

Rotator width 10 cm

Rotator diameter 40 cm

Rotator speed 210 - 230

Overall weight 19

Dimension 1.3 m x 0.5 m x 0.45 m

Capacity Up to 1.5 ha/day

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3.3 Local riding-type precision seeder

• Capacity of 2 ha per day,

• Seed metering with a seeding rate of 15 kg/ha to 30 kg/ha. 3.4 Pilot-testing of multi-crop reduced till-planter (MCRTP)

• Energy-efficient,

• Less labor-intensive

• Cost-effective

Performance MCRTP Farmers Practice

Field capacity 2-3.04 ha/day 0.14-0.5 ha/day

Seeding distance

Between hills 29-41 cm 24-24 cm

Between rows 50-58 cm 44-59 cm

Seeding rate 18.2-35.6 kg/ha 23-31 kg/ha

Field efficiency 51-74%

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3.5 Lightweight riding boat tiller using molded tough virgin polyethylene (MDPE)

• New plastic body, paddling wheel and transmission;

• Larger wheel diameter and spike/blade

4. Technologies developed for coping with negative impacts of climate change 4.1 Paddy bag drying system

• Bulk handling of grains from the field to the drying shelter (~500m distance);

• Drying grains from 35% to 11% moisture content (±2.35%);

• 12 hours of drying operation, consumed a total of 310 kg rice hull (25.8 kg/h) and 108 kg biochar (carbonized rice hull) as by-product.

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4.2 Multi-purpose mini-tractor for climate change adaptation

Machine Component Specifications

Power source 9.7 kW (13 hp) gasoline engine

Traction mechanism Two individually-controlled screw type wheels rotating in opposite directions: hub diameter = 200m; blade height = 30mm

Power transmission system Gear box that controls the forward and reverse travel; the rest are sets of V-pulleys, belts, roller chain, and sprockets

Clutch mechanism V-belt-and-pulley-engaged idlers

Steering mechanism Mechanical power-assisted steering by disabling the rotation of the screw wheels

Attachments • Conventional attachments for land preparation (plow, harrow, level);

• Special attachments for soil drilling, trenching, plowing, harrowing, water pumping; and

• Optional floatation attachments to enable the machine to travel in water

• Features two 200 mm-diameter screw wheels that

serve as the prototype’s traction mechanism;

• Can also be used for other farming operations like drilling shallow tube wells, digging canals, and other simple farm operations.

4.3 Upscale production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) rice and its potential as base ingredient for instant and ready-to-eat foods

Sample General Acceptability

Raw Cooked

NSIC Rc 160 (Control)

8.78 9.55

NSIC Rc 218 6.83 8.44

NSIC Rc 216 5.2 4.91

NSIC Rc 128 5.49 4.4

NSIC Rc 214 4.64 6.2

NSIC Rc 122 5.35 6.84

GABA rice from NSIC Rc 160, and NSIC Rc 222 were found suitable for the production of instant

GABA rice congee, and ready-to-eat GABA rice adobo meal, respectively, due to their high

nutritional content, good eating quality, and high general acceptability scores.

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4.4 Rice-based complementary foods and beverage Products ready for technology transfer and upscale production:

• Instant rice water (“am”) using different mesh size (unsieved, 100, and 120). Consumer sensory evaluation showed comparable sensory qualities and overall acceptability;

• A nutrient-dense and acceptable rice-based complementary food (50% rice, 35% soybean and 15% yellow sweet potato flours) was formulated to meet at least 15% of the daily nutrient requirement per age group. The product received high consumer acceptance, and purchase intention.

5. Policy analysis and advocacy 5.1 The Philippine rice industry situationer

• 2016 Local rice production - 12.61 million mt of milled rice;

• 2016 Total Use - 16.26 million mt of milled rice;

• 2016 Self-sufficiency ratio-95%;

• 2017 Net imports - 0.885 million mt;

• 2015-2016 Per capita rice consumption - 110 kg per capita.

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5.2 Popularized knowledge products and advocacy campaigns

Policy brief (Rice Science for Decision Makers)

• How the TRAIN Law impacts rice farmers? Discusses the effect of the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) law on the production cost of rice farmers. It particularly focuses on their fuel consumption before and after the implementation of TRAIN, and its ripples on the expenses and income of pump-dependent farmers. The paper calls for promotion and use of water-saving technologies that will lower production cost and increase grain yield, especially in pump-irrigated areas.

Policy memo/ Position paper

• Kakulangan sa bigas, totoo ba? PhilRice’s official statement on the issue of rice shortage during the first quarter of 2018. It clarifies bottlenecks in rice production, and the government’s efforts to address these by making our farmers and the rice industry competitive. It also differentiates rice sufficiency and rice security, and the reasons on why the country imports rice.

• PhilRice’s position on rice seed price deregulation. The memo presents the potential ill effect of seed price deregulation among Filipino rice farmers and the country’s rice industry. It analyzed facts and outlooks of the rice seed industry. PhilRice, through this memo, recommended a reasonable seed price increase may instead of total deregulation.

Infographics/Flyers

• Effect of TRAIN Law on rice farming cost and income. The illustrative and simplified version of

the policy brief on the effects of TRAIN Law on rice farming for the general public’s

consumption.

• Narrowing yield gaps and reducing costs in rice production. A back-to-back flyer featuring case-specific profile and recommendations to narrow yield and cost gaps in 33 rice producing provinces in the country. One flyer per province was produced

Feature/News articles (inputs)

• What you need to know about RA 7308?

• No rice shortage yet importation is needed - PhilRice

• Farmers not helpless on TRAIN Law

• Ways to narrow farmers’ yield and cost gaps revealed

Advocacy campaigns

• National launching of knowledge products promoting science-based policies in advancing rice communities;

• Seminar-workshops on rice value chain and comparative efficiency in the Philippines in developing strategic interventions to narrow yield gaps and reduce cost gaps in every region/province;

• Promoted farmers’ competitiveness and responsible rice consumption through the National Rice Awareness Month (NRAM) celebration with the theme “Quality rice. Quality life.”, and strengthening the promotion of brown rice consumption; and

• Promoted NRAM in at least 68 events, and partnered with more than 45 agencies (1 flyer, 8 pull-up banners, 1 banner, 2 videos, 8 radio plugs, 1 powerpoint presentation, 3 interview scripts)

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6) Technology promotion activities conducted

6.1 Rice and Rice Based Innovations Systems (RiceBIS) Communities

• New RiceBIS clusters were established which covered 545 farmers (or 39 clusters) for organized production and group marketing. This represents 105% increase compared from the previous year.

• Partnership was also accomplished with 60 local and national institutions across RiceBIS Communities nationwide, with signed MOAs to provide support in agro-enterprise development. RiceBIS capitalizes on partnership with government agencies such as DA-RFOs, OPAg, LGUs, DAR, ATI, CDA, NFA, DTI, PhilMech, and CLSU to effectively support farmers to overcome barriers to market engagement and profitable farming.

Station Site Location No. of Farmers

PhilRice CES Macarse and Mayamot, Zaragoza, Nueva Ecija 96

PhilRice Batac Rayuray, Batac City 42

PhilRice Isabela Dagupan and Marasat Grande, San Mateo, Isabela 87

PhilRice Los Banos Sariaya, Quezon 70

PhilRice Bicol Busay and Batang Ligao City; Brgy. Balinad and Napo, Polangui 61

PhilRice Negros Murcia Victorias, Negros Occidental 79

PhilRice Agusan Esperanza, Agusan Del Sur 62

PhilRice Midsayap Cluster 1 (Central Glad) Midsayap, North Cotabato 48

TOTAL 545

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6.2 Knowledge Products (KPs) and exhibits

• 109 KPs (e.g., magazine, handouts, memes/graphics, catalogue, flyers, bulletins, posters, videos, infographics, etc.) on various rice and rice-related topics were produced, distributed and uploaded or made accessible on Pinoy Rice Knowledge Bank (www.pinoyrice.com);

• KPs were handed to farmers (105,384) and extension workers (44,282);

• 41 rice graphic arts/illustrations produced, stored, and shared.

• Additional of 15,418 photos were also generated and shared via Flicker and Facebook;

• Rice Science Museum promoted PhilRice technologies through 24 major events/exhibits reaching more than 50,000 audiences.

6.3 Trainings and Field Days

Station No. Field Days

Conducted No. of

Participants No. Trainings Conducted

No. of Trained Participants

PhilRice CES 2 2,888 43 1,792

PhilRice Batac 1 987 12 76

PhilRice Isabela 1 536 22 536

PhilRice Los Banos 1 400 11 816

PhilRice Bicol 1 1,474 30 953

PhilRice Negros 1 492 10 492

PhilRice Agusan 1 500 12 530

PhilRice Midsayap 1 739 2 39

TOTAL 9 8,016 142 5,234

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6.4 PhilRice Text Center

• Responded to more than 20,000 text queries on seed

availability, varietal information, and pest management

with 93% response rate

• 22,831 text queries and messages were received with

97% response rate.

PhilRice Text Center top five queries, 2018.

6.5 Learners Catered

• Oriented 9,513 learners and visitors on different

rice technologies;

• Provided diverse clients with specific learning

designs to make rice science appreciation

impactful both to the senses and intellect;

• Developed seven study guides for farmers,

students (pre-school, grade school, high school,

college) and general audience;

• A monthly PalayAralan was also launched last

December as a response to constant queries on

rice production courses.

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6.6 Gender and Development

• Gender responsive programs and projects;

• 38.04% of PhilRice projects/ programs have included gender components;

• 18.52% of the institute’s total budget attributed to GAD.

• Conducted gender sensitivity seminars, gender leadership training, diversity and inclusiveness for project leaders and management team.

• Conducted studies on women’s role over key farm resources (Gender Differentials in Rice Farm Management and Decision-Making Among Farmers in Central Luzon and Estado ni Juana: Resource Allocation and its Implication to Farm Network Creation)

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ANNEX 1. RESEARCH FOR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS/PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED

Program/Divisions/Centers/Stations Number of Projects

R&D PROGRAMS 29

CREATE Rice 4

Hybrid Rice Research 5

Rice Farm Modernization and Mechanization 3

Science-based Policies in Advancing Rice Communities (SPARC) 2

Rice Business Innovations System (RiceBis) Community 6

Rice Seed Systems 3

Public Hybrid Rice Commercialization 6

DIVISIONS & CENTERS 34

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology 4

Genetic Resources 5

Agronomy, Soils and Plant Physiology 7

Crop Protection 3

Rice Chemistry and Food Science 2

Rice Engineering and Mechanization 2

Socioeconomics 2

Information Systems 2

Development Communication 3

Technology Management and Services 3

Crops Biotech Center 1

BRANCH STATIONS 25

PhilRice Batac 2

PhilRice Isabela 2

PhilRice Los Baños 5

PhilRice Bicol 3

PhilRice Negros 5

PhilRice Agusan 4

PhilRice Midsayap 4

TOTAL 88