Nitrogen Absorbed (% of volatilized) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Leaf Area (m² per plant) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 p < 0.01 r = 0.93 ** University of Sao Paulo Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture RESULTS The percentage of volatilized N ranged from 23 to 68% of the applied, and these differences can be related to weather conditions. In both growing seasons, the values of nitrogen absorbed by leaves were 3.4, 5.5, 6.2, 9.0, and 14.8% for V4, V6, V8, V10 and V12, respectively, and approximately 89% of N absorbed was accumulated in the leaves and only 11% in the stalks. There was high correlation between leaf area and percentage of N absorbed by leaves (r = 0.93, p ≤ 0.01), because the leaf area is the contact surface of the plant with ammonia in the atmosphere, supporting the hypothesis that the greater leaf area reflects a greater foliar absorption of ammonia. INTRODUCTION Plants are able to uptake ammonia from the atmosphere through the leaves and can partially recover the N volatilized from urea applied on the soil surface. This study aimed to evaluate foliar uptake of ammonia derived from sidedressing urea application at different corn growth stages. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: Can Corn Leaves Uptake Ammonia Volatilized From Urea Applied On the Soil Surface? Evandro Luiz Schoninger 1 , Lucas Peres Miachon 2 , Hugo Gonzalez Villalba 2 , Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin 1 1 - Stable Isotopes Laboratory, CENA/University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba - SP, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 - Soil Science Department, ESALQ/University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba - SP, Brazil Brazil Corn Piracicaba, State of Sao Paulo Growing Seasons: 2011/12 and 2012/13 Randomized blocks with four replications Treatments: Sidedressing urea (labeled at 12 atoms % 15 N) application at V4, V6, V8, V10 and V12 growth stages - Urea application on trays containing soil (140 kg ha -1 of N) - Leaf area (LA) of plants was measured at each time of urea application N volatilized (%) = ( 15 N applied - 15 N recovered in the soil) / 15 N applied x 100 N absorbed (%) = ( 15 N recovered in the plant) / 15 N volatilized x 100 MATERIAL AND METHODS Seven days after urea application: - Soil into trays was dried and analyzed for total N content and 15 N abundance - 16 plants near tray were collected, dried and analyzed for total N content and 15 N abundance Conclusions Growing Season Corn Growth Stages V4 V6 V8 V10 V12 Nitrogen Volatilazed (% of applied) 0 20 40 60 80 2011/12 2012/13 Corn leaves absorb part of the volatilized ammonia from urea applied on the soil surface, reaching values of 15%. The percentage of ammonia absorbed is directly related to corn leaf area. Growing Season Corn Growth Stages V4 V6 V8 V10 V12 Nitrogen Absorbed (% of volatilized) 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 2011/12 2012/13 Leaves Stalk
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Nitrogen Absorbed (% of volatilized)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Le
af
Are
a (
m²
pe
r p
lan
t)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
p < 0.01 r = 0.93**
University of
Sao Paulo
Center for Nuclear
Energy in
Agriculture
RESULTS
The percentage of volatilized N ranged from 23 to 68% of the applied, and these differences can be related to weather conditions. In both growing seasons, the values of nitrogen absorbed by leaves were 3.4, 5.5, 6.2, 9.0, and 14.8% for V4, V6, V8, V10 and V12, respectively, and approximately 89% of N absorbed was accumulated in the leaves and only 11% in the stalks. There was high correlation between leaf area and percentage of N absorbed by leaves (r = 0.93, p ≤ 0.01), because the leaf area is the contact surface of the plant with ammonia in the atmosphere, supporting the hypothesis that the greater leaf area reflects a greater foliar absorption of ammonia.
INTRODUCTION
Plants are able to uptake ammonia from the atmosphere through the leaves and can partially recover the N volatilized from urea applied on the soil surface. This study aimed to evaluate foliar uptake of ammonia derived from sidedressing urea application at different corn growth stages.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
Can Corn Leaves Uptake Ammonia Volatilized From Urea Applied On the Soil Surface?
Evandro Luiz Schoninger1, Lucas Peres Miachon2, Hugo Gonzalez Villalba2, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin1
1 - Stable Isotopes Laboratory, CENA/University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba - SP, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 - Soil Science Department, ESALQ/University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba - SP, Brazil
Brazil
Corn Piracicaba, State of Sao Paulo Growing Seasons: 2011/12 and 2012/13 Randomized blocks with four replications
Treatments: Sidedressing urea (labeled at 12 atoms % 15N) application at V4, V6, V8, V10 and V12 growth stages
- Urea application on trays containing soil (140 kg ha-1
of N)
- Leaf area (LA) of plants was measured at each time of urea application
N volatilized (%) = (15N applied - 15N recovered in the soil) / 15N applied x 100
N absorbed (%) = (15N recovered in the plant) / 15N volatilized x 100
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Seven days after urea application: - Soil into trays was dried and analyzed
for total N content and 15N abundance
- 16 plants near tray were collected, dried and analyzed for total N content and 15N abundance
Conclusions
Growing Season
Corn Growth Stages
V4 V6 V8 V10 V12
Nit
rog
en
Vo
lati
lazed
(%
of
ap
plied
)
0
20
40
60
80
2011/12
2012/13
Corn leaves absorb part of the volatilized ammonia from urea applied on the soil surface, reaching values of 15%.
The percentage of ammonia absorbed is directly related to corn leaf area.
Growing Season
Corn Growth Stages
V4 V6 V8 V10 V12
Nit
rog
en
Ab
so
rbe
d (
% o
f vo
lati
lize
d)
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
2011/12
2012/13
Leaves
Sta
lk
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