CEN/TC278 WG16 DT2 PT1601

CEN/TC278 WG16 DT2PT1601

Deployment issues of cooperative ITS (C-ITS): Current situation and next steps in standardization and procurement

April 2013 C-ITS deployment issues 1

Content

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• ITS and C-ITS standardization• EC mandate M/453 and EU/US joint approach• Research activities• Industry• Standards Releases• PT1601 work and technical facts• Conclusions on deployment

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)

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Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) is the name of the Technical Committee TC204 at ISO, founded in 1992. TC204 has 13 active working groups:WG1: ArchitectureWG3: ITS data base technologyWG4: Automatic vehicle and equipment identificationWG5: Fee and toll collectionWG7: General fleet and freight managementWG8: Public transport / emergencyWG9: Integrated transport information, management and

controlWG10: Traveler information systems

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)

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WG11: Route guidance and navigation systemsWG14: Vehicle / roadway warning and control systemsWG16: Wide area communications / protocols and interfacesWG17: Nomadic devicesWG18: Cooperative systems• Several working groups work jointly together with WGs

from CEN TC278.• TC204 is in the process of being re-structured• ISO TC204 is THE global leading advocate for

standards on technologies improving safety, security, efficiency and comfort of the world's transportation system

Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems

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Cooperative ITS (C-ITS) is a subset of ITS in which information is communicated and shared between ITS station applications to facilitate actions and decisions that improve ITS safety, sustainability, efficiency and comfort beyond that achievable by stand-alone systems.

Other SDOs

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ETSI TC ITS, founded December 2007 upon an initiative of members of ISO TC204 WG16, is focused on a slice of C-ITS promoted by the Car-to-Car Communications Consortium, i.e. on car-centric communications and applications for road safety and traffic efficiency.

IEEE 1609 working group is working on usage of 802.11(p) in vehicular environment (US DSRC, WAVE). This is a sub-set of C-ITS with a similar target as ETSI TC ITS.

SAE is specifying message sets (BSM) for US DSRC.

Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems

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C-ITS is the technical topic of • mandate M/453 "Standardization mandate

addressed to CEN, CENELEC AND ETSI in the field of information and communication technologies to support interoperability of co-operative systems for intelligent transport in the European community" of the European Commission

• EU (EC DG INFSO) / US (DOT/RITA) task force on harmonization in standardisation (results of harmonization task groups 1 and 3)

Research activities - Technologies

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Some examples of EU projects on basic technologies:• CVIS and COOPERS implemented and validated

first versions of ITS standards from ISO TC204 WG16 (CALM).

• ITSSv6 works on IPv6 in the ITS station• SAFESPOT worked on vehicular networks for road

safety• GeoNet worked on geo-dissemination of

information in C-ITS.

Research activities - Support

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Supporting EU projects:• COMeSafety is in support of European Community

wide implementation and deployment of C-ITS, effective EU-US and international cooperation, and deployment preparation.

• iCarSupport sets out to convince the public at large that ITS technologies and applications are an investment for Europe’s future

• eCoMove works on cooperative mobility systems and services for energy efficiency

Research activities - Framework

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Further EU projects:• FRAME is to provide a minimum stable framework

architecture necessary for the deployment of integrated and inter-operable ITS within the European Union.

• FOTsis is a large scale field testing of the road infrastructure management systems needed for the operation of close-to-market cooperative I2V, V2I & I2I technologies.

Industry initiatives towards harmonization

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• Six major infrastructure suppliers announced their joint work towards a common set of standards for Cooperative Mobility services.

• European vehicle manufacturers announced a Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperative ITS (C-ITS).

However these two big groups have very different basic requirements. Harmonization between these groups is a pre-requisite for successful procurement.

Standards release 1 for C-ITS

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• The definition of a Release 1 for C-ITS at CEN, ETSI and ISO started. Release 1 aims on identifying a set of standards which "fit together" allowing development of conformant implementations by selection of those standards required for a specific conformance profile.

However ETSI is solely working on an ETSI Release 1, ignoring standards from CEN and ISO. Comparing the current "official" ETSI proposal and a proposal made by CEN/ISO experts, almost no overlap is given.

"Core standards" for C-ITS

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ISO 21217 Communications architectureTS 17419/23 Application management (PT1601)ISO 24102-x Station management (local, remote, SAPs,

IICP, FSAP, path & flow)ISO 21218 Access technology supportISO 21215 5,9 GHz communicationsISO 21213 ... Cellular networksISO 29281 FNTP (non-IP communication)ISO 21210 ... IPv6 communications ISO 16788 ... Security

see also the complete CEN/ISO proposal for Release 1!

Link applications to communications in a global context

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PT1601 is drafting two CEN/ISO Technical Specifications:• TS 17419 "Co-operative systems — Classification and

management of ITS applications in a global context“• TS 17423 "Co-operative systems - ITS application requirements for

selection of communication profiles"

related to C-ITS management (system enabler!) which will be upgraded to EN/ISO standards.

PT1601's scope includes International Harmonization and recommendations to the EC (on required registries and infrastructure services).

Contact us: [email protected]

ITS-S reference architecture (ISO 21217)

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The ITS-S is defined as a BoundedSecuredManagedDomain.

There are many other stations used in ITS already today, which are not following the principles of BSMD. Nevertheless communications between ITS-SUs = BSMEs and other ITS station units has to be possible.

Communications and applications in C-ITS

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• Communications standards are already well developed and available.

• Application and message set standards are in the process of being developed.

• Essential (management) functionality of an ITS-SU, which goes beyond the functionality of existing systems, is identified but not yet fully standardized. Globally unique identifiers are in the process of being identified, and will be subject of registration.

"Simple" implementations (more or less silo-based) with restricted functionality are possible based on existing C-ITS standards, however the aspect of "trust" is not yet sufficiently supported in standards and in the infrastructure (PKI).

Comm. profile selection (TS 17423)

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In an ITS-SU, applications do not need to know about available communications tools. Applications only present functional requirements.

ITS-AID registry (TS 17419)functional description

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ITS-AID: ITS application ID registryITS-AOOID: ITS Application Object Owner ID (designer) registry

ITS-S application process (TS 17419) functional description

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ITS-APDID: ITS application process developer ID registry

Conformance and interoperability testing

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ISO and CEN selected ETSI to develop test suites and test platforms. For a number of communication standards from ISO and ETSI, and for message set based applications from ETSI test suites already exist.

STF 455 funded by the EC under mandate M/453 currently is extending the C-ITS test platform at ETSI to include the test suites for ISO base standards of communication protocols.

Such a test platform is a prerequisite for conformance testing and certification of equipment.

A demonstration is planned for the ITS world congress in Japan in autumn 2013. This test platform will be available from 2014 on for plug-tests. Please provide your implementation of FNTP, FSAP, IICP and ISO 21218 asap to STF 455!

Contact us: [email protected]

Procurement of C-ITS equipmentConclusions

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In a first procurement phase (in about three to five years from now) the following C-ITS scenario is feasible:• Single-hop roadside to vehicle communications using FSAP

over FNTP and 5,9 GHz. Short sessions similar to EFC sessions and local information dissemination (e.g. SPAT at intersections)

• Single-hop vehicle-to-vehicle communications using BSM / CAM / DENM over FNTP and 5,9 GHz.

• Vehicle-to-infrastructure communication (and vice versa) using IPv6 over cellular technology.

• Ordinary hot-spot communications with non-moving stations.

• Local dynamic map (LDM) usage.

Procurement of C-ITS equipmentConclusions

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Geo-dissemination of information to remote destinations will be efficiently reliable with IPv6 over cellular technology once the cellular networks are prepared for this.

Geo-dissemination of information over narrowband channels such as those at 5,9 GHz (GeoNetworking) with multiple hops is very unlikely to be possible due to restrictions imposed by the communication channel.

Procurement of C-ITS equipmentConclusions

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C-ITS will use several different communication technologies, including• ad-hoc (single-hop) communications (5,9 GHz, 63 GHz, ...)• cellular networks (LTE, ...)• Internet (IPv6)

The C-ITS architecture has the capability to finally cover all application areas with mobility requirements (moving stations – wireless communications).

There is one world and only one C-ITS!

TerminologyAPI Application Programming InterfaceBSM Basic Safety Message (SAE J2735)BSMD Bounded Secured Managed Domain (functional view)BSME Bounded Secured Managed Entity (physical unit, implementation of a BSMD)C-ITS Cooperative ITSCAM Cooperative Awareness Message (ETSI EN 302 637-2)DENM Decentralized Environmental Notification Message (ETSI EN 302 637-3)DOT Department of TransportEFC Electronic Fee CollectionFSAP Fast Service Advertisement Protocol (ISO 24102-5)FNTP Fast Networking & Transport layer Protocol (ISO 29281-1)IICP ITS station-Internal management Communications Protocol (ISO 24102-4)ITS Intelligent Transport SystemsITS-AID ITS Application IdentifierITS-S ITS Station (functional view)ITS-SU ITS Station Unit (physical unit, implementation of an ITS-S)LDM Local Dynamic MapPKI Public Key InfrastructurePT Project Team (expert team at CEN)SAE Society of Automotive Engineers (in USA)SAP Service Access PointSPAT Signal Phase And Time messageSTF Specialist Task Force (expert team at ETSI)WAVE Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (IEEE set of standards)

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C-ITS web sites

General:http://its-standards.info http://its-standards.info/Feeds/cits.rss

ISO related:http://calm.its-standards.infohttp://coopsys.its-standards.info

CEN related:http://pt1601.its-standards.info

ETSI related:http://stf455.its-testing.org

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ESF GmbHHans-Joachim Fischer

Fichtenweg 9D-89143 Blaubeuren

[email protected]://www.fischer-tech.eu

phone: +49 7344 175 340fax: +49 7344 919 123

LECIT Consulting SrLFausto CaneschiVia Santa Maria 2556126 [email protected] http://www.lecitconsulting.it phone: +39 335 7122 730

SRA, Inc.Richard Roy3351 Shady Spring LnMountain View, CA [email protected]: +1 650 861 3351

Members of PT1601

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