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SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 93, No. 2417

University of CaliforniaPublications

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STRANGE MALADYThe Story of Allergy

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THE THERAPY OFTHE NEUROSESAND PSYCHOSES

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SCIENCEVOL. 93 FRIDAY, APRIL 25, 1941 No. 2417

Plant Research and Human Welfare: DR. E. C. Special Articles:AUCIITER. . . . . . 385 Absorption of Pellets of Crystalline Hormones: DR.

T. R. FORBES. Antagonistic Adrenal and PituitaryObitu~ary: Effects on Body Salts and Water: DR. S. W. BRIT-Wayne J. Atwell: PROFESSOR R. R. HUMPHREY. TON and PROFESSOR E. L. COREY. NutritionalRecent Deaths ......... 391 Factors Concerned in Rusting of Albino Rats: DR.

HARRY S. OWENS, MARVIN TRAUTMAN and DR.ScientificEvents: ELLA WOODS ........................................... 404The Permanent Science Fund of the AmericanAcademy of Arts and Sciences; Alumni Lectures at Scientific Apparatus and Laboratory Methods:the University of Cincinnati; Awards in the Wil- An Apparatus for Producing Constant Gas Mix-liam Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition; tures: DR. ROGER A. LEWIS and Dn. GEORGE F.Admissions to the Fellowship of the Royal Society 392 KOEPF. Simple Floor-Net for Catching the Es-

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PLANT RESEARCH AND HUMAN WELFARE1By Dr. E. C. AUCHTER

CHIEF OF THE BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

INTRODUCTION

WHEN this country was founded, nineteen peopleout of every twenty had to spend all their time pro-ducing food for themselves and the twentieth person.That was true all over the world. A hundred yearsago eight people out of every ten still had to workwith the soil, producing food for themselves and theother two people. To-day this proportion is exactlyreversed. About two people out of every ten pro-duce the food for the whole ten, or, putting it in an-other way, one person on the land supports himself,three people in town and contributes to the support ofone person overseas.What is the significance of this fact? Just this:

When nineteen people out of twenty have to spend1 Address before the Kansas Academy of Science,

Wichita, Kansas, March 29, 1940.

their energy producing food, that leaves only one per-son to produce everything else. Obviously there won'tbe much else; certainly there won't be any large-scaleindustries such as we know to-day. But when only twopeople out of ten have to produce food, the other eightare released to do a multitude of things. Large-scalefactory production becomes possible. All kinds ofsocial services become possible.In brief, the degree of development of any society

depends on the sufficiency of its agricultural resourcesand the efficiency of its farmers. Only where farmersare efficient and can release other men from the abso-lute necessity for devoting their time to primary pro-duction can the industries, sciences and arts thatcharacterize modern civilization be developed. Ourcivilization in the United States to-day rests solidlyon the achievements of farmers. These achievements