Cellular Respiration Chapter 9 Objectives: 3.0 Identify reactants and products associated with photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the purposes of these two processes. AOD B.3.1 Identify the function of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. AOD B.3.2 Describe photosynthesis and cellular respiration, including their reactants and products. AOD B.3.3 Recognize the relationship between reactants and products associated with photosynthesis and cellular respiration. AOD B.3.4 Recognize a given formula as either photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
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Cellular Respiration Chapter 9 Objectives: 3.0 Identify reactants and products associated with photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the purposes.
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Cellular RespirationChapter 9
Cellular RespirationChapter 9
Objectives:3.0 Identify reactants and products associated with
photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the purposes of these two processes.
AOD B.3.1 Identify the function of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
AOD B.3.2 Describe photosynthesis and cellular respiration, including their reactants and products.
AOD B.3.3 Recognize the relationship between reactants and products associated with photosynthesis and cellular
respiration. AOD B.3.4 Recognize a given formula as either
photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
Objectives:3.0 Identify reactants and products associated with
photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the purposes of these two processes.
AOD B.3.1 Identify the function of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
AOD B.3.2 Describe photosynthesis and cellular respiration, including their reactants and products.
AOD B.3.3 Recognize the relationship between reactants and products associated with photosynthesis and cellular
respiration. AOD B.3.4 Recognize a given formula as either
photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
Overview
Fill in the major steps in cellular respiration while watching the following video clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXC9jMNIRnE
Bellringer/Assessment• Refer to the “Overview/Review”
for glycolysis, and Figures 9-3 and 9-4, as needed, to create a simple flowchart for:1. Glycolysis2. Alcoholic fermentation3. Lactic acid fermentation
• (Remember, flowchart instructions/example are found on p.1065)
Section 9-2
• What are the “waste” products of cellular respiration?
• How do we get rid of these waste products?
• Quick Lab: How does exercise affect disposal of wastes from cellular respiration? (p.231)
Section 9-2
• The aerobic (“in air” – or oxygen) pathway after glycolysis consists of 2 main portions:1. The Kreb’s cycle2. The electron transport chain
Kreb’s Cycle
• Discovered by Hans Krebs in 1937.
• Breaks pyruvic acid (from where???) into (ultimately) carbon dioxide
Kreb’s Cycle Steps
1. Pyruvic acid enters the mitochondrion.
2. One carbon atom breaks off and forms carbon dioxide. The other 2 carbon atoms, 1 oxygen atom, and 3 hydrogen atoms form an acetyl group that attaches to coenzyme A to form acetyl-CoA.
Kreb’s Cycle Steps
3. Acetyl-CoA adds the acetyl group to a 4-carbon molecule, forming a 6-carbon citric acid molecule. (This is why it is also called the citric acid cycle.)
4. 2 carbons are removed (individually) to form CO2, and electrons are added to energy carrier molecules (???).
Kreb’s Cycle Steps
5. After 2 carbons have been removed, how many carbons are left?
This 4-carbon molecule is now ready to accept another acetyl group.
Kreb’s Cycle Steps
6. For each cycle, an ATP molecule is produced --- as citric acid is being reduced to a 4-carbon molecule.
7. Additionally, 5 pairs of high-energy electrons are transferred to electron carriers, changing NAD+ to ??? and FAD to FADH2.
Kreb’s Cycle Products
• CO2
• ATP
• NADH and FADH2
• What happens to each of these products?
Electron Transport Chain
• So what do you think happens here?
Electrons from the Kreb’s cycle are used to convert ADP to ATP.
• How do electrons get from the Kreb’s cycle to the transport chain?
Attached to NADH and FADH2
• NADH and FADH2 release H+’s and electrons.
• The electrons are passed down the transport chain until they join with oxygen and H+’s to form water (H2O).
• Every time 2 electrons are transported down the chain, a H+ is transported across the membrane.
• How do the H+’s generate energy for the cell?
1.They cross ATP synthase to reestablish an equilibrium of charges, and convert ADP to ATP.
2.They join with oxygen and electrons to form water (H2O).
• What happens to the NADH and FADH2?
Converted to NAD+ and FAD to be reused (where????).
Total Production• Glycolysis = 2 ATP• This is ALL the ATP produced
without oxygen.• WITH oxygen:
– Kreb’s cycle + electron transport chain = 34 ATP
– Total = 36 ATP ---- 18x more than anaerobic respiration!!!!