ALICE CHERUBINI & MARTA SOAVE 2°D ALICE CHERUBINI & MARTA SOAVE 2°D
Jun 15, 2015
ALICE CHERUBINI & MARTA SOAVE 2°DALICE CHERUBINI & MARTA SOAVE 2°D
INDICE:INDICE:* Introduction
* The Cells
* Specialised Cells
* Tissues
* Organs
* Organs Sistems
* Diffusion
* Osmosis
* Bibliography
There are two types of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. The prokaryotic cell is simpler and smaller than a eukaryote cell,
lacking a nucleus and most of the other organelles of eukaryotes. There are two kinds of prokaryotes: bacteria and archaea which
share a similar structure.There are four kinds of eukaryotes: protists, fungi, plants, animals.
INTRODUCTIOINTRODUCTIONN
THE CELLSTHE CELLS
1. All organisms are made of cells
2. Unicellular
3. Multi-cellular
4. Animal cells and plant cells
5. Diffusion
Function of cells which animal and plant cells have in common
Part Function
Nucleus contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell
Cytoplasm most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes
Cell membrane controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
Mitochondria most energy is released by respiration here
Ribosomes protein synthesis happens here
Plant cells also have extra parts:Extra parts of plant cells
Part Function
Cell wall strengthens the cell
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
Permanent vacuole filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid
The different of animal and plant cells:
SPECIALISED CELLSSPECIALISED CELLS
Specialised animal and plant cells
Type of animal cell Function Special features
Red blood cells To carry oxygen Large surface area, for oxygen to pass through Contains haemoglobin, which joins with oxygen
Nerve cells To carry nerve impulses to different parts of the body
Long Connections at each end Can carry electrical signals
Female reproductive cell (egg cell)
To join with male cell, and then to provide food for the new cell that's been formed
Large Contains lots of cytoplasm
Male reproductive cell (sperm cell)
To reach female cell, and join with it
Long tail for swimming Head for getting into the female cell
Type of plant cell Function Special features
Root hair cell To absorb water and minerals Large surface area
Leaf cell To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
Large surface area Lots of chloroplasts
TISSUESTISSUES
1. Muscle
2. The lining of the intestine
3. The lining of the lungs
4. Phloem (tubes that carry dissolved sugar around a plant)
5. Root hair tissue (for plants to take up water and minerals from the soil)
ORGANSORGANS
1. Heart
2. Lung
3. Stomach
4. Brain
5. Leaf
6. Root
ORGANS SISTEMSORGANS SISTEMS
1. Circulatory system
2. Respiratory system
3. Digestive system
4. Nervous system
5. Reproductive system
6. Leaf canopy
DIFFUSIONDIFFUSION
Diffusion: The movement of particles (molecules or ions) from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
Examples of diffusion down concentration gradients Location Particles move From To
Gut Digested food products
Gut cavity Blood in capillary of villus
Lungs Oxygen Alveolar air space Blood circulating around the lungs
OSMOSISOSMOSIS
Water can move across cell membranes because of osmosis. For osmosis to happen you need:
• two solutions with different concentrations
• a partially permeable membrane to separate them
BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY
Focus on Sciencehttp://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_aqa/cells/cells1.shtml