Cells History of the cell When Robert Hooke viewed a thin cutting of cork he discovered empty spaces contained by walls, and termed them pores, or cells.
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Cells
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History of the cell When Robert Hooke viewed a thin cutting of
cork he discovered empty spaces contained by walls, and termed them
pores, or cells. The term cells stuck and Hooke gained credit for
discovering the building blocks of all life. Robert HookeRobert
Hooke (Link)
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Cell Theory in Pictures Three parts to Cell Theory: 1. Cells
are the Building Blocks of Life 2. All life processes take place in
Cells 3. New cells come from existing cells = Cells= Organism
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Two Different Cell types Prokaryotic- simple cells (ex.
Bacteria) Eukaryotic- complex (complejo) cells Most living things
you are familiar with (including humans) have eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic Prokaryotic
The Nucleus (The Brain of the Cell) Nucleus- The Control Center
of the cell Functions: directs all cell activities the Boss,
contains DNA Descriptions: Generally located in the center of the
cell, surrounded by a membrane Chromosomes- Threadlike material of
DNA that contains genes Gene- Piece of DNA that Contains
information about organisms characteristics Eye color, height, etc.
So, What is DNA? (Click me to find out)
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Cell Membrane Description: Protective layer around all cells.
If the cell does have a cell wall the cell membrane is inside of
it. Function: Controls what comes in and out of the cell. Water
moves freely through this membrane.
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Cytoplasm Function: holds the organelles in place. Description:
Gel-like material; the goop of the cell Cytoskeleton is found in
cytoplasm. Helps cells change or keep their shapes. Organelles are
found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Mitochondria Description: peanut shaped in cells Function:
Energy is stored and released in the mitochondria (Powerhouse of
cell). Produces energy through chemical reactions breaking down
fats & carbohydrates
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Endoplasmic Reticulum ER Endoplasmic reticulum (like factory
conveyor belts) Function: moves materials from one part to another
in the cell. Description: folded, or maze-like that goes from
nucleus to cell membrane. Smooth type: has no ribosomes Rough type
(pictured): has ribosomes in surface
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Ribosomes Function: creates proteins Each cell contains
thousands Description: Found on ER and floating throughout the
cells cytoplasm
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Golgi Bodies Golgi bodies (like the factory packing and
shipping department) Description: Stacked, flattened membranes
Function: Sorts, transports and packages proteins and other
materials in the cell Moves materials within the cell Moves
materials out of the cell
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Lysosomes Lysosomes (like the factory waste management
dpartment): trash can of the cell Break down and recycle substances
Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal Cell
breaks down if lysosome explodes or ruptures
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Vacoules Description: membrane-bound sacks (the storage
container of the cell) Function: stores water, food, and waste
products.Help plants maintain shape- very large in plants
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Chloroplasts (plants only) Chloroplasts (like factory solar
energy plants) Description: Green and bean shaped organelles Turns
energy from the sun (with CO 2 and water) into food Function:
Contains green chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis takes
place
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Cell Wall(plants only) Description: Surrounds a plant cell
Function: protects the cell and gives it shape. Cell membrane is
still in plants, but the cell wall is the outer most layer.
What makes a plant cell different from an animal cell?
Chloroplasts made from the chemical chlorophyll (C 55 H 72 O 5 N 4
Mg) Cell Wall- The rigid outermost cell layer found in plants
Bigger Vacuole Rigid/Defined Shape Used for Photosynthesis- Makes
food for the plant Photosynthesis
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LAB TIME- Animal Cell
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LAB TIME- Plant Cell
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Reflection Draw a cell and label at least 5 of the organelles.
Summarize the three parts to cell theory. Compare and contrast the
plant cell and the animal cell. Point out the importance of why
plant cells cannot freeze Develop a plan of action to keep your
cell healthy.
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DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA, is a nucleic acid that
contains the genetic instructions used in the development and
functioning of all known living organisms. Back to Cells