Cells

CellsExplaining

Our experiment

• What we did in our experiment was try to find the durability of a cell. What we did was take two types of plant cell:

• One was a normal onion root cell that was fresh.

• The next was the same type but it had been flash frozen (For a microwave meal)

The onion root

• If you look slightly to the left of the pointer there is a perfectly visible onion cell. As you can see there is a solid form around which means a solid cell wall. Then surrounding that cell are many that are alike and they make a pattern.

The flash frozen cell

At the pointer again there is what seems to be a cell. The outer wall that you could see in the first slide. Now its misshaped and doesn’t even seem to resemble a cell at all. And when you could see the inside shapes in the previous picture, now it seems to be a mashed and destroyed version.

Compared

A very organized line of cells and very secure build of one cell, as you can see it is compact and has a whole cell wall.

This cell on the other hand has been almost destroyed be the freezing process. There are no surrounding cells like in the other picture. They have been destroyed. And the cell wall seems to be deformed while the others have one uniform shape.

What we found

• When looking at these cells together you can see that freezing a cell does not really preserve it. It deforms the cell wall and destroys the rest of the cell with it. you can see the organization of cells in a non affected plant but in the other the way that there seem to be no surrounding cells.

What is cell respiration?What is cell respiration?

• The main point of cellular respiration is The main point of cellular respiration is to make a type of energy that the cell to make a type of energy that the cell can use. The cell processes sugars to can use. The cell processes sugars to make usable energy for the cell. (ATP)make usable energy for the cell. (ATP)

• The cell takes glucose and processes it The cell takes glucose and processes it through cellular respiration produces through cellular respiration produces

• 6 CO2+6 H2O+and energy6 CO2+6 H2O+and energy• This energy can be used by cells to This energy can be used by cells to

complete tasks in our body.complete tasks in our body.

How it happensHow it happens

• Glucose (sugar).Glucose (sugar).• 11stst Guycolysis is the breaking up the Guycolysis is the breaking up the

glucose in two. From carbohydrates glucose in two. From carbohydrates to Pyruvate.to Pyruvate.

• To do this there needs to be a use of To do this there needs to be a use of 2 ATPs and generates 4 ATPs, 2 2 ATPs and generates 4 ATPs, 2 NADHs molecules and 2 h20 NADHs molecules and 2 h20 molecules.molecules.

Continued.Continued.• Which enters Krebs cycle which generates 2 ATPs Which enters Krebs cycle which generates 2 ATPs

and requires oxygen. The Krebs cycle generates 3 and requires oxygen. The Krebs cycle generates 3 new NADH molecules new NADH molecules

• Electron transport chain this produces most ATPs Electron transport chain this produces most ATPs 34 and requires oxygen. NADH is carried by 34 and requires oxygen. NADH is carried by ubiquinone. (q) ubiquinone. (q)

• Each movement causes a hydrogen ion to pass Each movement causes a hydrogen ion to pass through the membrane.through the membrane.

• The byproducts are Nadh’s and Fadh’s The byproducts are Nadh’s and Fadh’s • (this produces lactic acid fermentation)(this produces lactic acid fermentation)• All this is the remaking of the glucose into 38 All this is the remaking of the glucose into 38

ATPs.ATPs.

What is producedWhat is produced

ATPATP

(Adenosine

Triphosphate

Molecule)

(This is how our

body gets the

energy we need

to survive)

Working togetherWorking together

All of these cells have to work together to create energy for our body.

But cells work together to make everything in the body happen it makes our muscle move and all other movement is generated from cells working together .

To make a muscle move groups of muscle cells contract and this moves the muscle all together.

Muscle cells

• In our bodies cells have very precise instructions on what to do and how to complete a task. Some seem more simple like contract a muscle but there are others like take the food we eat and produce energy from the glucose as I show in the cell respiration cycle. This is how we live, adapt, eat, sleep, and function.

There are many different types of cells

• Different cells life span change mainly based on how much harm they can come to. For instance skin cells. Skin cells are on the outside of the body and therefore exposed to more elements. This mean its more likely that they are damaged and die. But some other cells are not exposed as much. This is part of what determines cell life expectancy.

Conclusion.Conclusion.

• What I learned in this investigation was • That there is a certain amount of any

extreme that a cell can take. When we tested a normal onion cell then a flash frozen one we could see that being flash frozen almost completely destroyed the cell.

• Cell respiration. When a cell takes glucose and breaks it down to make energy for the body out of the food we eat.

• How cells all work together and have precise instructions on how to complete extremely difficult tasks.

• Lastly the complexities of all cells cell types and cell life.