Cell Structure and Function Unit Review CA Biology Standards 1a, 1c, 1e YM 2010.

Cell Structure and Cell Structure and Function Unit ReviewFunction Unit Review

CA Biology Standards 1a, CA Biology Standards 1a, 1c, 1e1c, 1e

YM 2010

1. There are two major 1. There are two major groups of cells based on groups of cells based on the absence or presence the absence or presence

of a nucleus. of a nucleus. Name these two groups:Name these two groups:

1. There are two major 1. There are two major groups of cells based on groups of cells based on the absence or presence the absence or presence

of a nucleus. of a nucleus. Name these two groups:Name these two groups:

ProkaryotesProkaryotes

EukaryotesEukaryotes

2. Which cell type 2. Which cell type doesdoes have a have a

nucleus?nucleus?

2. Which cell type 2. Which cell type doesdoes have a nucleus? have a nucleus?

EukaryoteEukaryote

3. LIST two types of 3. LIST two types of Eukaryotic cells: Eukaryotic cells:

3. LIST two types of 3. LIST two types of Eukaryotic cells:Eukaryotic cells:

PlantPlant

AnimalAnimal

4. What is an example 4. What is an example of a “of a “prokaryoticprokaryotic” ”

organism?organism?

4. What is an example 4. What is an example of a “of a “prokaryoticprokaryotic” ”

organism?organism?

BacteriaBacteria

5. Fill the table below with information you have 5. Fill the table below with information you have learned about prokaryotic and eukaryotic learned about prokaryotic and eukaryotic

cells.cells.Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells

How old is this cell type? OLDER

Size LARGER

Does it have a nucleus?

Does it have DNA?

Does it have a cell membrane?

Does it have ribosomes?

5. Fill the table below with information you have 5. Fill the table below with information you have learned about prokaryotic and eukaryotic learned about prokaryotic and eukaryotic

cells.cells.

Prokaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic Cells

How old is this cell type?

OLDER YoungerYounger

Size SmallerSmaller LARGERDoes it have a nucleus? NoNo YesYesDoes it have DNA? YesYes YesYesDoes it have a cell membrane?

YesYes YesYes

Does it have ribosomes? YesYes YesYes

6. 6. LabelLabel the diagram the diagram below as a plant cell below as a plant cell

or an animal cell. or an animal cell.

6. 6. LabelLabel the diagram the diagram below as a plant cell below as a plant cell

or an animal cell. or an animal cell.

I-AnimalI-AnimalII-PlantII-Plant

7. Besides chloroplasts, 7. Besides chloroplasts, which other structure in which other structure in ONLY found in plant cells ONLY found in plant cells

7. Besides chloroplasts, 7. Besides chloroplasts, which other structure in which other structure in ONLY found in plant cells ONLY found in plant cells

Cell WallCell Wall

ChloroplastChloroplast

VacuoleVacuole

8. List 3 structures that 8. List 3 structures that BOTH plant and BOTH plant and

animal cells share:animal cells share:

8. List 3 structures that 8. List 3 structures that BOTH plant and BOTH plant and

animal cells share:animal cells share:

CytoplasmCytoplasm

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

NucleusNucleus

9. Fill in the table 9. Fill in the table below:below:PLANT Cell ANIMAL

Cells

Has a cell membrane

Has cytoplasm

Has chloroplasts

Has a cell wall

Has ribosomes

Has a nucleus

9. Fill in the table 9. Fill in the table below:below:PLANT Cell ANIMAL

Cells

Has a cell membrane

YesYes YesYes

Has cytoplasm YesYes YesYes

Has chloroplasts YesYes NONO

Has a cell wall YesYes NONO

Has ribosomes YesYes YesYes

Has a nucleus YesYes YesYes

10. What is an 10. What is an organelleorganelle

10. What is an 10. What is an organelleorganelle

Specialized structure that has Specialized structure that has a specific function in the cella specific function in the cell

11. Label the diagram to 11. Label the diagram to the right with the the right with the correct organelles.correct organelles.

11. Label the diagram to 11. Label the diagram to the right with the the right with the correct organelles.correct organelles.

1. Endoplasmic Reticulum1. Endoplasmic Reticulum2. nUCLEUS2. nUCLEUS3. MitoCHONDRIA3. MitoCHONDRIA4. Cell MEMBRANE4. Cell MEMBRANE5. Golgi apparatus5. Golgi apparatus

12. What is the function 12. What is the function of a RIBOSOME?of a RIBOSOME?

12. What is the function 12. What is the function of a RIBOSOME?of a RIBOSOME?

Sites of protein synthesisSites of protein synthesis

13. Which of the 13. Which of the structure above is structure above is

responsible for responsible for maintaining maintaining

homeostasishomeostasis in cells? in cells?

13. Which of the 13. Which of the structure above is structure above is

responsible for responsible for maintaining maintaining

homeostasishomeostasis in cells? in cells?


14. Using the diagram of the cell 14. Using the diagram of the cell membrane, what molecule is membrane, what molecule is

labeled labeled with the with the letter Xletter X? ?

Letter YLetter Y??

14. Using the diagram of the cell 14. Using the diagram of the cell membrane, what molecule is membrane, what molecule is

labeled labeled with the with the letter Xletter X? ? Protein Protein

Letter YLetter Y? ? Phospholipid HeadPhospholipid Head

15. What structure is 15. What structure is shown in the shown in the

diagram to the right?diagram to the right?

15. What structure is 15. What structure is shown in the shown in the

diagram to the right?diagram to the right?

Plasma MembranePlasma Membrane

16. Label the 16. Label the phospholipid phospholipid diagram diagram

using the words using the words

16. Label the 16. Label the phospholipid phospholipid diagram diagram

using the words using the words

17. What does 17. What does hydrophilichydrophilic mean? mean?

17. What does 17. What does hydrophilichydrophilic mean? mean?

Water lovingWater loving

18. What does 18. What does hydrophobichydrophobic mean? mean?

18. What does 18. What does hydrophobichydrophobic mean? mean?

Water fearingWater fearing

19. Why is the cell 19. Why is the cell membrane referred to membrane referred to

as “as “semi-permeablesemi-permeable”?”?

19. Why is the cell 19. Why is the cell membrane referred to membrane referred to

as “as “semi-permeablesemi-permeable”?”?

Only allows certain substance Only allows certain substance to pass throughto pass through

20. What is the 20. What is the function of a Cell function of a Cell

Marker?Marker?

20. What is the 20. What is the function of a Cell function of a Cell

Marker?Marker?

Cell IdentificationCell Identification

21. What is the NAME of 21. What is the NAME of the type of transport the type of transport

shown below?shown below?

A B

Selectively permeable membrane

Molecules

21. What is the NAME of 21. What is the NAME of the type of transport the type of transport


FacilitatedFacilitated

DiffusionDiffusion

A B

Selectively permeable membrane

Molecules

OsmosisOsmosis ExocytosisExocytosisDiffusionDiffusion

22. Define 22. Define DiffusionDiffusion::

22. Define 22. Define DiffusionDiffusion::

Movement of molecules from Movement of molecules from an area of HIGH concentration an area of HIGH concentration

to LOW concentrationto LOW concentration

23. What are 3 23. What are 3 examples of examples of

molecules that move molecules that move easily in and out of easily in and out of

cells through cells through diffusion?diffusion?

23. What are 3 23. What are 3 examples of examples of

molecules that move molecules that move easily in and out of easily in and out of

cells through cells through diffusion?diffusion?

WaterWater

OxygenOxygen

Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide

24. Define 24. Define OsmosisOsmosis::

24. Define 24. Define OsmosisOsmosis::

Movement of water from an Movement of water from an area of HIGH concentration to area of HIGH concentration to

LOW concentrationLOW concentration

25. Does 25. Does passive passive transport, transport, require ATP?require ATP?

active transport?active transport?

25. Does 25. Does passive passive transport, transport, require ATP?require ATP?

active transport?active transport?

NONO

YESYES

26. During 26. During passive passive transport, transport, which which direction do the direction do the

molecules move?molecules move?

26. During 26. During passive passive transport, transport, which which direction do the direction do the


HIGH to LOW concentrationHIGH to LOW concentration

27. During 27. During passive passive transport, transport, which which

direction is the direction is the CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION

GRADIENT?GRADIENT?

27. During 27. During passive passive transport, transport, which which


GRADIENT?GRADIENT?

Moves with the concentration Moves with the concentration gradientgradient

28. During 28. During active active transport, transport, which which direction do the direction do the


28. During 28. During active active transport, transport, which which direction do the direction do the


LOW to HIGH concentrationLOW to HIGH concentration

29. During 29. During active active transport, transport, which which


GRADIENT?GRADIENT?

AGAINSTAGAINST

29. During 29. During active active transport, transport, which which


GRADIENT?GRADIENT?

30._____The organelle that modifies, 30._____The organelle that modifies, packages and prepares proteins for export packages and prepares proteins for export out of the cell.out of the cell.31._____The structure that stores and 31._____The structure that stores and transmits genetic information.transmits genetic information.32._____The organelles whose main 32._____The organelles whose main function is to manufacture and transport function is to manufacture and transport materials to other locations.materials to other locations.33._____These organelles are the sites of 33._____These organelles are the sites of protein synthesis.protein synthesis.34._____This structure relates what 34._____This structure relates what substance enters and exits the cell.substance enters and exits the cell.35._____This organelle manufactures, 35._____This organelle manufactures, modifies, and detoxifies lipids.modifies, and detoxifies lipids.

A. Cell MembraneB. Golgi apparatusC. NucleusD. Smooth Endoplasmic ReticulumE. Rough Endoplasmic ReticulumF. Ribosomes

30._30._BB_The organelle that modifies, _The organelle that modifies, packages and prepares proteins for export packages and prepares proteins for export out of the cell.out of the cell.31._31._CC_The structure that stores and _The structure that stores and transmits genetic information.transmits genetic information.32._32._EE_The organelles whose main function _The organelles whose main function is to manufacture and transport materials is to manufacture and transport materials to other locations.to other locations.33._33._FF_These organelles are the sites of _These organelles are the sites of protein synthesis.protein synthesis.34_34_AA_This structure relates what _This structure relates what substance enters and exits the cell.substance enters and exits the cell.35._35._DD_This organelle manufactures, _This organelle manufactures, modifies, and detoxifies lipids.modifies, and detoxifies lipids.

36. Which cell type, 36. Which cell type, PLANT or ANIMAL, is PLANT or ANIMAL, is shown to the right?shown to the right?

B

A

C

A.

B.

C.

36. Which cell type, 36. Which cell type, PLANT or ANIMAL, is PLANT or ANIMAL, is shown to the right?shown to the right?

AnimalAnimal

B

A

C

A.

B.

C.

37. What is structure 37. What is structure A?A?

B

A

C

A.

B.

C.

37. What is structure 37. What is structure A?A?


B

A

C

A.

B.

C.

38. What is structure 38. What is structure B?B?

B

A

C

A.

B.

C.

38. What is structure 38. What is structure B?B?

NucleusNucleus

B

A

C

A.

B.

C.

39. What is structure 39. What is structure C?C?

B

A

C

A.

B.

C.

39. What is structure 39. What is structure C?C?

CytoplasmCytoplasm

B

A

C

A.

B.

C.

40. Which cell type, 40. Which cell type, PLANT or ANIMAL, is PLANT or ANIMAL, is


D.

E.

40. Which cell type, 40. Which cell type, PLANT or ANIMAL, is PLANT or ANIMAL, is


PlantPlant

D.

E.

41. What is structure 41. What is structure D?D?

D.

E.

41. What is structure 41. What is structure D?D?

Cell WallCell Wall

D.

E.

42. What is structure 42. What is structure E?E?

D.

E.

42. What is structure 42. What is structure E?E?

NucleusNucleus

D.

E.

43. When a cell is placed into 43. When a cell is placed into a solution with a lower water a solution with a lower water concentration than the cell, concentration than the cell, like syrup, what will happen like syrup, what will happen

to the size of the cell?to the size of the cell?

EGG

Low Water Concentration

43. When a cell is placed into 43. When a cell is placed into a solution with a lower water a solution with a lower water concentration than the cell, concentration than the cell, like syrup, what will happen like syrup, what will happen

to the size of the cell?to the size of the cell?

ShrinkShrink

EGG


44. Which direction did 44. Which direction did the water molecules the water molecules

move when the above move when the above happened? happened?

EGG


44. Which direction did 44. Which direction did the water molecules the water molecules

move when the above move when the above happened? happened?

HIGH to LOW HIGH to LOW

concentrationconcentration

EGG


45. What is the diffusion of a 45. What is the diffusion of a water molecule, across a water molecule, across a membrane, from HIGH membrane, from HIGH concentration to LOW concentration to LOW concentration called?concentration called?

45. What is the diffusion of a 45. What is the diffusion of a water molecule, across a water molecule, across a membrane, from HIGH membrane, from HIGH concentration to LOW concentration to LOW concentration called?concentration called?

OsmosisOsmosis

46. What type of 46. What type of movement, movement, active active oror

passivepassive, is the diffusion of , is the diffusion of a water molecule, across a a water molecule, across a

membrane?membrane?

46. What type of 46. What type of movement, movement, active active oror

passivepassive, is the diffusion of , is the diffusion of a water molecule, across a a water molecule, across a

membrane?membrane?

PassivePassive

47. “Are not made of 47. “Are not made of cells; cannot make cells; cannot make

proteins by themselves; proteins by themselves; cannot replicate on their cannot replicate on their

own.” own.” These statements These statements

best describe abest describe a

47. “Are not made of 47. “Are not made of cells; cannot make cells; cannot make

proteins by themselves; proteins by themselves; cannot replicate on their cannot replicate on their

own.” own.” These statements These statements

best describe abest describe a VirusVirus

48. Why are viruses 48. Why are viruses not living organisms?not living organisms?

48. Why are viruses 48. Why are viruses not living organisms?not living organisms?

Not made of cellsNot made of cells

49. Using numbers, 49. Using numbers, place the following in place the following in

order from order from smallestsmallest to to largestlargest: : _____plant cell _____plant cell

______virus ______virus _______bacteria_______bacteria

49. Using numbers, 49. Using numbers, place the following in place the following in

order from order from smallestsmallest to to largestlargest: :

3.3. plant cell plant cell1.1. virus virus

2.2. bacteria bacteria

50. What do the statements 50. What do the statements below describe?below describe?

1. All living things are made up of cells1. All living things are made up of cells2. The cell is the basic unit of life.2. The cell is the basic unit of life.

3. All cells come from existing cells3. All cells come from existing cells

50. What do the statements 50. What do the statements below describe?below describe?

Cell TheoryCell Theory1. All living things are made up of cells1. All living things are made up of cells

2. The cell is the basic unit of life.2. The cell is the basic unit of life.3. All cells come from existing cells3. All cells come from existing cells

51. _____The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called A perforated. B semi-permeable. C non-conductive. D permeable.

51. _____The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called A perforated. B semi-permeable. C non-conductive. D permeable.

52. _____The plasma membrane of a cell consists of

A protein molecules arranged in two layers with polar areas forming the outside of the membrane. B two layers of lipids organized with the nonpolar tails forming the interior of the membrane. C lipid molecules positioned between two carbohydrate layers. D protein molecules with polar and nonpolar tails.

52. _____The plasma membrane of a cell consists of

A protein molecules arranged in two layers with polar areas forming the outside of the membrane. B two layers of lipids organized with the nonpolar tails forming the interior of the membrane. C lipid molecules positioned between two carbohydrate layers. D protein molecules with polar and nonpolar tails.

53._____A cell from heart muscle would probably have an unusually high proportion of

A lysosomes. B mitochondria. C mRNA. D Golgi bodies.

53._____A cell from heart muscle would probably have an unusually high proportion of

A lysosomes. B mitochondria. C mRNA. D Golgi bodies.

54. _____Eukaryotic cells are differentiated from prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells

A are much smaller. B have permeable membranes. C have a higher rate of reproduction.D have nuclei.

54. Eukaryotic cells are differentiated from prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells

A are much smaller. B have permeable membranes. C have a higher rate of reproduction.D have nuclei.

Macromolecule Review—Macromolecule Review—previous unitprevious unit

55. Fill-in the table below:55. Fill-in the table below:Macromolecule: Monomer Polymer

A. Lipids 1 glycerol head and3 Fatty acid tails

B. Carbohydrates Mono_________ Polysaccharide or ______________ (excess Plant sugar)

C. Proteins Protein

D. Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acid

Macromolecule Review—Macromolecule Review—previous unitprevious unit

55. Fill-in the table below:55. Fill-in the table below:Macromolecule: Monomer Polymer

A. Lipids 1 glycerol head and3 Fatty acid tails

LipidLipid

B. Carbohydrates Monosaccharide Polysaccharide or Starch_ (excess Plant

sugar)

C. Proteins Amino AcidAmino Acid Protein

D. Nucleic Acids NucleotideNucleotide Nucleic Acid

56. Look at the table 56. Look at the table above. What do you above. What do you

notice about notice about macromolecules and macromolecules and

polymers?polymers?

56. Look at the table 56. Look at the table above. What do you above. What do you

notice about notice about macromolecules and macromolecules and

polymers?polymers?

They are the same nameThey are the same name

57. During denaturation the 57. During denaturation the shape of the molecule is shape of the molecule is permanently changed. permanently changed.

Name 2 causes of Name 2 causes of denaturation. denaturation. A change in: A change in:

57. During denaturation the 57. During denaturation the shape of the molecule is shape of the molecule is permanently changed. permanently changed.

Name 2 causes of Name 2 causes of denaturation. denaturation. A change in: A change in:

1.1. pHpH

2.2. TemperatureTemperature

58. Use the diagram to the right 58. Use the diagram to the right for help. TRUE or FALSEfor help. TRUE or FALSE____The active site is located on the ____The active site is located on the enzyme and is unique.enzyme and is unique.____The enzyme and active site can be ____The enzyme and active site can be used again.used again.____Denaturation could reduce the activity ____Denaturation could reduce the activity of the enzyme.of the enzyme.

58. Use the diagram to the right 58. Use the diagram to the right for help. TRUE or FALSEfor help. TRUE or FALSE

TRUETRUE_The active site is located on the _The active site is located on the enzyme and is unique.enzyme and is unique.TRUETRUE_The enzyme and active site can be _The enzyme and active site can be used again.used again.TRUETRUE_Denaturation could reduce the _Denaturation could reduce the activity of the enzyme.activity of the enzyme.

STUDY!!!!STUDY!!!!

Cell Structure and Function Unit Review CA Biology Standards 1a, 1c, 1e YM 2010.

Documents

cell slide

cell membrane slide

nucleusyesyes slide

plantanimal slide

organelle slide

prokaryoteseukaryotes

eukaryote slide

plasma membrane slide