Cell Structure and Function Review. Learning Goals Explain the three parts of the cell theory. Correctly use a compound light microscope to observe plant.

Cell Structure and Function Review

Learning Goals

• Explain the three parts of the cell theory.• Correctly use a compound light microscope to

observe plant and animal cells. • Explain individual function and interrelatedness of

organelles.• Describe the differences, similarities and

evolutionary links between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

• Compare and contrast the structure and function of plant and animal cells.

Explain the three parts of the cell theory.

• Write the three parts of the cell theory.

Explain the three parts of the cell theory.

Matthias Schleiden, Botanist, 1837All plants are made of cells.

Explain the three parts of the cell theory.

Theodor Schwann, Physiologist, 1838All animals are made of cells

Explain the three parts of the cell theory.

Rudolf Virchow, 1858All cells are made from the division of existing cells

How well did you remember the cell theory?

A. I remembered and understood all of the cell theory.

B. I had to correct one part of the cell theory.

C. I had to correct two or more parts of the cell theory.

D. I couldn’t remember any of the cell theory.

Correctly use a compound light microscope to observe plant and animal cells.

• List the 4 types of microscopes.

• Describe the steps, in order, for using a compound light microscope.

Correctly use a compound light microscope to observe plant and animal cells.

• List the 4 types of microscopes. Compound Light - 40x-400x, Living Specimens, 2DDissecting – 3x – 10x, Living Specimens, 3DTransmission Electron - 500,000x, Dead, 2DScanning Electron – 30,000x, Dead, 3D

Correctly use a compound light microscope to observe plant and animal cells.

• Describe the steps, in order, for using a compound light microscope.

• Double check for scanning power• Place the slide on stage• Find what you’re looking for and focus with course

adjustment. Center the specimen.• Switch to low power and focus with fine adjustment.

Center the specimen. • Switch to high power and focus with fine adjustment.

How well did you remember the parts of the microscope learning goal?

A. I knew all four types of microscopes and how to use it properly.

B. I knew all four types of microscopes and but not how to use it properly.

C. I did not know all four types of microscopes but I did know how to use it properly.

D. I could only remember parts of this learning goal.

Explain individual function and interrelatedness of organelles.

In the human body, organs perform specialized jobs. For example, the heart transports blood. In cells, tiny ___________ carry out specialized jobs.

tissues

Org

an syste

ms

organ

elles

Org

an syste

ms

0% 0%0%0%

1. tissues2. Organ systems3. organelles4. Organ systems

The job of a cell wall is to:

Prote

ct and pro

vide sup...

Allow ce

lls to

photosy

nt...

Surro

und the cy

toplasm

33% 33%33%

1. Protect and provide support

2. Allow cells to photosynthesize

3. Surround the cytoplasm

Which is the organelle that holds thecells DNA (its genome) and is the control center of the cell?

centri

ole

mito

chondria

nucleolus

Nucle

us

cyto

plasm

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. mitochondria2. nucleolus3. Nucleus4. cytoplasm

What molecules inside the nucleus allow it to serve as the cell’s control center?

DNA

carb

ohydrate

s

proteins

Lipids

RNA

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. DNA2. carbohydrates3. proteins4. Lipids5. RNA

When you view eukaryotic cells vialight microscopy, you see a small dark, denseregion inside the nucleus. It is called the:

riboso

me

nucleolus

nucleoplas

m

Nucle

ar membra

ne

Nucle

ar pore

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. ribosome2. nucleolus3. nucleoplasm4. Nuclear

membrane5. Nuclear pore

These organelles are assembled in the nucleolus.

golgi

riboso

mes

vacu

oles

lyso

somes

0% 0%0%0%

1. golgi2. ribosomes3. vacuoles4. lysosomes

The structure composed of a networkof protein filaments whose job is supporting the cell’s shape, allowing cell movement, &moving organelles inside the cell is the:

Cell membra

ne

Cell wall

Cytosk

eleton

Cilium, fl

agellum

0% 0%0%0%1. Cell membrane2. Cell wall3. Cytoskeleton4. Cilium, flagellum

Ribosomes

Use

light e

nergy to

mak...

Attach ca

rbohydra

te &

l...

Make

ATP to

allow ce

lls ..

Are m

embrane tu

be s ...

Are m

embrane sa

cs use

d...

Synth

esize pro

teins foll..

.

Are m

embrane sa

cs fille

...

0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Use light energy to make carbohydrates2. Make ATP to allow cells to use energy in food3. Are membrane tube s whose enzymes construct

components of membranes & modify proteins4. Are membrane sacs used for storage5. Synthesize proteins following gene instructions

Golgi apparatus:

Use

light e

nergy to

mak...

Attach ca

rbohydra

te &

l...

Make

ATP to

allow ce

lls ..

Are m

embrane tu

be s ...

Are m

embrane sa

cs use

d...

Synth

esize pro

teins foll..

.

Are m

embrane sa

cs fille

...

0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Use light energy to make carbohydrates2. Attach carbohydrate & lipid chains to proteins--

marking them for export to final destinations—looks like a stack of pancakes.

3. Make ATP to allow cells to use energy in food4. Are membrane tube s whose enzymes construct

components of membranes & modify proteins5. Are membrane sacs used for storage

Lysosomes:

Use

light e

nergy to

mak...

Attach ca

rbohydra

te &

l...

Make

ATP to

allow ce

lls ..

Are m

embrane tu

be s ...

Are m

embrane sa

cs use

d...

Synth

esize pro

teins foll..

.

Are m

embrane sa

cs fille

...

0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Use light energy to make carbohydrates2. Attach carbohydrate & lipid chains to proteins--

marking them for export to the cell membrane—looks like a stack of pancakes.

3. Make ATP to allow cells to use energy in food4. Synthesize proteins following gene instructions5. Are membrane sacs filled with digestive enzymes used

to break down food to smaller particles or to recycle worn out organelles.

Vacuoles:

Use

light e

nergy to

mak...

Attach ca

rbohydra

te &

l...

Make

ATP to

allow ce

lls ..

Are m

embrane tu

be s ...

Are m

embrane sa

cs use

d...

Synth

esize pro

teins foll..

.

Are m

embrane sa

cs fille

...

0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Use light energy to make carbohydrates2. Attach carbohydrate & lipid chains to proteins--

marking them for export to the cell membrane—looks like a stack of pancakes.

3. Make ATP to allow cells to use energy in food4. Are membrane tube s whose enzymes construct

components of membranes & modify proteins5. Are membrane sacs used for storage

Chloroplasts:

Use

light e

nergy to

mak...

Attach ca

rbohydra

te &

l...

Make

ATP to

allow ce

lls ..

Are m

embrane tu

be s ...

Are m

embrane sa

cs use

d...

Synth

esize pro

teins foll..

.

Are m

embrane sa

cs fille

...

0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Use light energy to make carbohydrates2. Attach carbohydrate & lipid chains to proteins--marking

them for export to final destinations—looks like a stack of pancakes.

3. Make ATP to allow cells to use energy in food4. Are membrane tube s whose enzymes construct

components of membranes & modify proteins5. Are membrane sacs used for storage6. Synthesize proteins following gene instructions

Mitochondria:

Use

light e

nergy to

mak...

Attach ca

rbohydra

te &

l...

Make

ATP to

allow ce

lls ..

Are m

embrane tu

be s ...

Are m

embrane sa

cs use

d...

Synth

esize pro

teins foll..

.

Are m

embrane sa

cs fille

...

0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Use light energy to make carbohydrates2. Attach carbohydrate & lipid chains to proteins--

marking them for export to final destinations—looks like a stack of pancakes.

3. Make ATP to allow cells to use energy in food4. Are membrane tube s whose enzymes construct

components of membranes & modify proteins

What is the function of the mitochondria?

1. Make lipids2. Make proteins3. Control the cell 4. Make energy

What is the function of ribosomeS?

1. Make lipids2. Make proteins3. Control the cell4. Package and

transport materials

Which of the following organelles are found only in plant cells?

1. Mitochondria2. Chloroplast3. Golgi apparatus4. Lysosomes

Which of the following cells do not have nuclei?

1. Plant 2. Animal3. Eukaryote4. Prokaryote

Where is dna located in a eukaryotic cell?

1. Mitochondria2. Nucleus3. Cytoplasm4. Golgi Apparatus

All cells have

1. Nucleus2. Endoplasmic

reticulum3. Cell Wall4. Cell Membrane

How well do you know the organelles and their functions?

A. I can recall all of the organelles, their functions, where they are in the cell and how they work together.

B. I can recall all of the organelles but am unclear on how some of them work.

C. I remember the names of many organelles but don’t know their functions.

D. I only remember a few organelles.

Describe the differences, similarities and evolutionary links between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Describe the differences, similarities and evolutionary links between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Both

•No nucleus

•Smaller and simpler cells

•No membrane bound organelles

•Most primitive form of life on Earth

Example: bacteria

•Nucleus

•Larger and more complex cells

•Have membrane bound organelles

Examples:•Plants•Animals•Fungi•Protists – single celled (unicellular) organisms

•Living things

•DNA

•Ribosomes

•Cytoplasm

•Cell membrane

Describe the differences, similarities and evolutionary links between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

List four things that are different between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

Put these differences in order from most important to least important.

What is a membrane bound structure that contains genetic material and controls many of

the cell’s activities?

1. Prokaryote2. Eukaryote3. Nucleus4. Cell membrane

Which of the following cells do not contain a

nucleus?1. Animal cell2. Plant cell3. Bacterial cell

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

1. have a nucleus2. have DNA3. have membrane

bound organelles

4. are the same size

True or false? Eukaryotes are cells that do not have

a nucleus.1. True2. False

Which type of eukaryotes are often single celled (unicellular)?

bacteria

protists

Fungi li

ke yeasts &

molds

Mush

room-b

earing f

ungi

Plants lik

e trees

Animals

like brin

e shrim

...

17% 17% 17%17%17%17%

1. bacteria2. protists3. Fungi like yeasts &

molds4. Mushroom-bearing

fungi5. Plants like trees6. Animals like brine

shrimp or small insects

How well do you know the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? A. I can recall and explain all of

the major differences and similarities.

B. I can list all of the major differences and similarities.

C. I only know a few major differences or similarities.

D. I don’t remember the differences between these two types of cells.

Compare and contrast the structure and function of plant and animal cells.

Animals and plants are always multicellular with specialized (they look different & function differently) cells.

Cell walls protect cells from bursting and provide them support against pressure (so they don’t get crushed). Which kingdom (the only one) NEVER has cell walls?

Animal

Archaebacte

ria

Eubac

teria

Fungi

Protists

plants

17% 17% 17%17%17%17%

1. Animal2. Archaebacteria3. Eubacteria4. Fungi5. Protists6. plants

Which structure is found in (specific to)a plant cell but not an animal cell.

Chloroplasts

lyso

somes

mito

chondria

Rough endoplasm

ic re

ti...

Smooth

ER (SER)

Cell wall

s

17% 17% 17%17%17%17%

1. Chloroplasts2. lysosomes3. mitochondria4. Rough endoplasmic

reticulum (RER)5. Smooth ER (SER)

Compare and contrast the structure and function of plant and animal cells.

List three things that are different between plant and animal cells.

Put these differences in order from most important to least important.

How well do you know the differences between plant and animal cells?

A. I can recall and explain all of the major differences and similarities.

B. I can list all of the major differences and similarities.

C. I only know a few major differences or similarities.

D. I don’t remember the differences between these two types of cells.